ENBE Project 2 ( Final Project ) - Built Environments ~ A Better Future Town

ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation

Better Livable Town

AindcradName : Ryan Kerry Jee Jin Yiing

Student ID : 0318715

FNBE April 2014

Ryan Kerry Jee Jin Yiing | 0318715 | Mr Lee Cherng Yih | FNBE APR 2014 | Taylor’s University1

Name : Ryan Kerry Jee Jin Yiing

Student ID : 0318715

FNBE April 2014


Content:

1. Introduction2. A Town - Investigation on Better Township or Town or City

Guidelines and Issues 3. Investigation & Data Collection: Ancient and old cities/town 4. Investigation & Data Collection: The present towns5. Investigation & Data Collection: The future and better township 6. The New “X” Town – AINDCRAD

- Overview- Master Plan- Cross Sections- Zoning- Topography, Terrain & Population Distribution- Green Space- Transportation- Town Enhancement- Green Plan- Green Implementation- Waterworks- Sketches of Perspective View

7. The Conclusion 8. References list



Introduction

After reading , analyzing and interpreting the brief, I understand that I am assigned to describe the different characteristics o the natural and built environment through numerous explorations on basic elements such as natural topography, landscape, space, building and infrastructure. This is done by proposing a town wit a proper and efficient layout which is a better livable future town. From a detail analysis of the brief, I am also introduced to various types of grid systems which includes the square grids, triangle grids, hexagon grids, radial grids and also other types of mixed grids which are used for urban planning systematically.

To make this town a success, I must fully understand he geometrical shape , form, pattern, hierarchy system and structure of the town. The main focus of the town are such as squares, gardens monuments, town halls, pavilions, civic buildings, arises and also vistas. Emphasis should also be taken on the zoning of the town which prioritizes the community of the town. List of daily activities, necessities, populations and also social issues are being slotted into priority. All of these are connected into creating a sustainable and better living environment for the people of the town.

Based on my personal opinion, the outcome of this assignment helps me to understand the natural and built environment physically and also based on their characteristics which help to coexist along with one another without losing its balance. I should be able to understand the landscape, topography , space utilization and also infrastructures of buildings, which will totally relate back to the main topic of this module.



City VS Town• Definitions

- Cities are early human settlement which is basically larger than a village and also a town. It has its own municipal boundary which allows the administrative department to have govern authorities onto the stated area and thus carry out and act certain policies and also for development purposes.

- Town’s main difference compared to cities are the size of the population. As stated, it is also a human early settlement which is larger than a village but smaller than a city. It can be a suburban area which has certain municipal govern policies or as well as a multidisciplinary policies implemented onto it. It usually has a centralized part within its area for easier and efficient management.

CITIES TOWNS

• History

- Cities and towns are mainly alike. The only main difference that sets them apart is the time frame of the foundation and settlement of the city and town. From the context of this, we can tell that a city has been in someplace for quite a while as the facilities and accommodations implemented onto it is very advanced, more efficient and more sustainable. As for town, it is still settlements which are immature in terms



of development and the facilities are implemented in the designated township area.

- The histories of both types of settlement are mainly due to human activities, whereby all human seek shelters, surviving and thus slowly leading to evolution of mankind in terms of activities being carried out in terms of scale and the population size. Social histories also gradually picked up its form for town as well as architecture sociology, urban geography. This leads to a strong foundation of in terms of social system and the culture which is gradually developed into a structured town.

• Characteristics and guidelines of a good township

- Systematic and efficient urban planning in terms of zoning and designation of places according to their functions and different usability.

- Smart integration and linkage throughout different parts / zones of the town.

- Strong and secure security and safety of the town which emphasizes on the citizens of the town.

- Administrative departments which meet the needs and requirements of the citizens of the town and ensure its convenience.

- Centralized business district to ensure job opportunities for the local community and ensure the livability of the town.

Township with proper urban planning

• Characteristics of future town

The major point to take note into developing a new town is to ensure the town stays on and to be independent and sustainable as long as possible. Henceforth, it is only fair to say that the most important thing of a future town is the SUSTAINIBILITY.



- Security and safety are the main priorities of the town, thus modern technology to handle and curb with this issues are implemented. This is to ensure that daily activities can still go on without crime interventions and interferences.

- Facilities and spaces have to be balanced as well. Facilities have to be implemented onto places with deep consideration of space utilizations. It could not jeopardize the need of the local community to acquire recreational spaces and pleasure.

- Greenery also play a major role in a good town. Greenery serves a recreational area and also healthy decorative spaces. It serves as green lungs in a settlement for instance a town and hence ensure the comfort of the local community. Recreational spaces can be implemented specifically on outdoor purposes. It can serve as an alternative source of income for the proposed town as well as a tourist attraction in the town. It can only serve as a place around town to enhance the local community’s public relations.

- Transportation and connectivity have to be efficient and systematic. It have to ensure it carry out the major role and functions to the local community, which is to enhance transportation needs, provide cheap and convenient transportation to the local community and also provide walkability in the town. This will enhance and further it strengthen its point of eco friendly connectivity.

- Eco friendly facilities and energy can be implemented and as an emphasis in town. It can be implemented onto heavy duty facilities for instance transportations, business and commercial area and also places where daily activities are always on the go. This energy used can be also transformed into reusable energy for other useful purposes.

Security of a township Greenery and landscape for recreational purposes



Eco-friendly Township Planning

Investigation & Data Collection: Ancient Cities__________________________________________________________________________________________

Case Study 1 - Pompeii, Italy

This case study - Pompeii, Italy is chosen due to its efficient urban planning and smart integration of water sources and management to enhance sustainability of city.

A view of Pompeii as seen today. An aerial view of the urban planning of the ancient city• History and brief introduction

- It is founded by Osci (Oscan) which appears to be the Oscan word for number five, which suggest that either the community consisted of five hamlets or perhaps settled by a family group. Hence number five was chosen.



- It covers a total area of 64 to 67 hectares which approximately accommodates 11000 to 11500 people and act as a major city in the regions at its time.

- It acts as major crossroads between towns such as Cumae, Nola and Stabiae.

- Act as a safe port for the Greek and Phoenician sailors.

• The characteristic of focus in my town

- A town which emphasize on the usability and also management of water sources. The stated type of town / city has to be efficient and systematic in terms of water distribution, clean sources of water and efficient sewerage system around the town / city. Efficient urban planning has also been the main priority in the planning of a township which is greatly associated with water management system and waterworks.

• The significance and details of the city

- Proper, efficient and systematic planning of the city layout to accommodate the maximum amount of people without causing any inconvenience to the public.

- Pompeii practice the three stream running water system across the whole city. Each stream is associated with each specific uses. One of the stream is linked to public fountains, second is linked to public baths and whereas the third stream is linked to homes of wealthy citizens.

- The water supply mainly came and was utilized from a nearby river which is situated in Pompeii. The water was directed to centralized water tower called Castellum Aquae. The main water supply from the tower itself will cut off automatically when there is arise of issues on water shortage.

- The usage of aqueduct is one of the main facilities in Pompeii dealing with the water management in Pompeii. Due to the topography in Pompeii which is slightly tilted downwards, aqueduct serves as one of the major facilities to collect, direct and even store water. It is built in a way such that it collect water from a higher place of the city and direct the water flow to Central Pompeii which is slightly lower than the source of the water which is the river in the city.

- The Castellum Aquae are the main connections of the aqueduct and the smaller branches of the water pipes around Pompeii. Therefore, it is more convenient and more understandable to place the Castellum Aquae at a higher point of the city.

- Public spaces is also one of the major emphasis in Pompeii. Places like the Coliseum, The Forum, theatre, museums etc. had been serving the people of Pompeii as a recreational spot for them to carry out various recreational activities, not to mention the Public Bath as well.



An image of Castellum Aquae in Pompeii The Public Forum

• Conclusion of city

- All in all, in order to make Pompeii an organized and sustainable city, Pompeii has various implementations which benefits the people. No doubt there wasn’t any lake in Pompeii, but still in order to obtain water, Pompeii did it by utilizing the river found in the city itself.

- To do this, they need to acquire certain level of technology and also management system in order for the waterworks to run smoothly in Pompeii. Along with this, they succeed to realize the importance of coordination between urban planning – the arrangement of buildings in the city, and also the types of water management facilities.

- All of this systematical way of doing things makes Pompeii a more sustainable ancient city which succeed into becoming one of the most important and also a role model as a city.

- Recreational areas are also equally important as it is served to provide leisure to the local community. Even so, the implementation of the public areas should not contaminate and jeopardize any resources, coordination of urban planning and also daily human activities in the city.

• Information or elements that I can implement in my future town

- Efficient and systematic urban planning around the town with high coordination between the functionality, usability and sustainability.

- High utilization of water source in town – the lake has to be properly and efficiently utilize. This is to ensure that the town will be very sustainable with the lake as both of them, the town and the lake goes hand in hand together.

- Recreational areas should also be imposed onto the town as it provides leisure to the town’s people. However, in order to make a town which is far



more eco-friendly and sustainable, recreational spaces like green spaces and landscaping have to be top of the list.

- Public spaces should focus more on eco-friendliness and thus should implement more greens, for instance pocket parks, urban parks, forest reserves, plaza, streetscapes etc. .

A view of a typical streetscape A view of a typical plaza

Investigation & Data Collection: Present Towns / Township__________________________________________________________________________________________

Case Study 2 - Sylvan Lake Township, Alberta, CanadaThe case study, Sylvan Lake Township, Alberta, Canada is chosen due to its close relativity of concept of the proposed town and the utilization of the purpose of lake as recreational medium and a constant source of water supply for agricultural purposes for local income.

A view from the Sylvan Lake of the Sylvan Lake Township

• History and brief introduction



- Sylvan Lake Township was originally settled by French speaking immigrants from Quebec and the United States.

- As it continues to farm and nurture as a more mature town, it quickly became the mainstay in the area and since 1923, agriculture starts to took it form in a much bigger scale. This is due to grain elevators being built drastically for the convenience of the local farmers and hence slowly became renowned as a town.

- This attracted visitors from all places especially during summer seasons and hence gradually turning a simple agriculture town into a recreational and small scaled tourism town.

• The characteristic of focus in my town

- A town which emphasize on recreational activities and facilities. In this context, it does not neglect the importance to utilize the exiting lake for recreational and also daily activities purposes as it will link to the main focus of this town’s proposal which is by treating the lake of the town as a main character and attraction in the township. The focus is also on a town which can fully utilize the usage of the exiting lake apart from recreational purposes and also use it for other useful purposes which can enhance sustainable living for the local community and again relating it back to the lake.

• The significance and details of the town

- It is initially based on agriculture and the lake is fully utilize for agriculture purposes. Local farmers back then utilize Sylvan Lake as the main source of water.

- As the scale of agriculture took place in a bigger scale, agriculture elevators were built in order to cope with the intake and the production of agricultural crops and product.

- Sylvan Lake also serves as a recreational spot mainly for citizens of Red Deer, a nearby city in Alberta. The lake is used as a medium for recreational activities.

- Resort cottages were built by the lake in order to cope with the amount of tourist that visits the lake every year.

- Transportations links have been upgraded, for instance railways, highways and also easy and user friendly streets along the town of Sylvan Lake.

- The specific lake which attracts more and more tourists every year hence

further enhance the tourism and outdoor recreational business.- Sylvan Lake thus act as a major attraction in the town and

thus plays a major role for food supply, source of water supply and a hot spot for recreational activities which will further enhance the recreational tourism business.



• Conclusion of town

- The lake is fully utilize in the township and it is the key of survival in the township. This is because without it, there will be no proper and constant flow of water supply for agriculture and domestic purposes.

- Agricultural in the town is also part of the main source of food in the town and without the lake in the township itself, food supply could not be nurtured, produced and supplied to all the citizens in the local community.

- A good township with a lake should also utilize the town’s existing lake for other useful purposes, for instance recreational businesses. It can be utilize as another medium to enhance the local income apart from agriculture.

- Recreational business will nurture and gradually transform itself into a larger scale of business and slowly transform the town into a mature and independent township.

• Information or elements that I can implement in my future town

- Utilize the purpose of the lake and enhance it into other uses which can contribute to the local community.

- Make use of the lake for recreational elements, for instance water sports parks, recreational ground, lake parks, esplanades by the lakes and also streetscapes overlooking the lakes and etc.

- Make use of the constant water supply of the lake for agriculture purposes to enhance the productivity of agricultural products.

- Insert more green spaces in conjunction with recreational elements along the lake to enhance eco-friendliness and also beautify the environment, provide larger green lung spaces to the local community.



Lakes which will be implemented in my town and use as a recreational attraction.

Lake as a source of water supply for agriculture purposes.

Investigation & Data Collection: The future of towns and Better Towns

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Case Studies : Based on statement above - Case Study 1 - Pompeii, Italy - Case Study 2 - Sylvan Lake Township, Alberta, Canada

Based on accumulated data from both case studies of ancient / past civilization ( cities ) and also present civilization ( town ), it is to be aware that both of the case studies stated is mainly focusing on the use of water as their main source of food supply, water and also other purposes which contribute to the local community. Besides, these two case studies stated have a large common specifications and characteristics as compared to the newly proposed town.

There was a great focus placed on creating an infrastructure that supported large numbers of cars. Streets were organized to manage traffic patterns and problems, but today, as the population rapidly increases, there is a remarkable issue: There isn't room to build any more streets, and there certainly isn't room for every person to own a car. With this in mind, public transportation issues will



need to be addressed, and transportation systems within towns greatly expanded; additionally, it's thought that biking will become a more popular means of transport, and creating safer bike lanes that are separate from car lanes will be a necessity.

In regards to the environment, planners may seek inspirations from places like Stockholm, which trends ahead of the curve in regard to forward-thinking environmental sustainability strategies.

Other countries, like China and Singapore, are working in tandem to create so-called "eco-cities" like Tianjin, currently being developed 93 miles (150 km) outside of Beijing. The city could house some 350,000 people and aims to be sustainable by using renewable energy, green building practices, water recycling, a green public transportation system, and preserving existing wetlands and biodiversity

Finally, technology will play a role in the considerations of urban planners. As development strives to meet the needs of a growing population while remaining sustainable, smart technologies should be integrated that can heighten energy efficiency, maintain public security and alleviate congestion. The technologies used might include video telecommunications, wireless sensors, wireless processors or mobile telecommunications. Many, if not most, of these technologies already exist, but aren't being implemented, often because of the fragmentation among the various offices of city governments. Future urban planning will need to address smoother communication among governing bodies to help implement their plans, whether they be technological or environmental.

Town with highly advanced technological systems



Efficient and systematic transportations has to be implemented in order to smooth the connectivity process among the citizens in town.

The New “X” Town - AindcradThe newly proposed town will be situated at Perak . The proposed development will be laid on an approximate land area of 30 km² with an existing lake and together with a proposed man made lake. The existing lake will be designated to be located at the recreational ground of the town, whereby the other man made lake will be designated to be located at the central region of the proposed town. The town will be based on a radial grid system zoning method in terms of urban planning. As an overall, it consists of four main wings which includes the North Wing, South wing, Agricultural Wing and also the Industrial Wing which circulates the lake at the central region of the town. The entry point of the town is situated at the Eastern side of the town.

(i) Land area : approx. 30km²(ii) Built up area : approx. 23km²(iii) Lake area : - man made : approx. 4km²

- existing : approx. 3km² (iv) Population : approx. 120,000 - 150,000



The name of the proposed town is named Aindcrad. It is an abbreviation of three words, An Incarnating Radius. As the name suggested, it will hope to stay incarnated as possible, leaving the people of the town to stay as united, peaceful and strong no matter what comes. The shape of the central region of the town symbolises a circle and hence defining it into a radius. As for the two lakes which are the man made lake and the exiting lake, they are named Aindcrad Lake 1 and Aindcrad Lake 2 respectively which basically named after the township, whereby the central park will be named Alpheim Park due to the nature landscaping that will be offered which will plan and hope to create a soothing atmosphere in the town itself.

PROPOSED CONCEPT

Smartly integrated, vast connections and linkage which circulates the town, environmental friendly and sustainable living environment.

AIM

To implement and emphasize on green and sustainable living for different aspect which will in one way or another benefit the people.

The main focus of the town is to serve as a recreational business based town. In this context, the main source of economy is business based on recreational items , goods, items as well as activities charged on tourist and also the local community. For this proposed town, the recreational ground is the main attraction along with Alpheim Park which is located at the central region of the town. The recreational ground which features its approx. area of 3km2 Aindcrad Lake 2, it offers water sports activities, boating competitions and also international events hosted from round the globe. The ground also offers recreational spaces for people from all walks of life to relax and have fun around the township.

Apart from that Alpheim Park also features a man made lake which is named Aindcrad Lake 1. The particular lake is segregated into two parts, namely recreational lake and also fishing quay. The fishing quay emphasize of fisheries and activities related to it. This is also part of the recreational activities that the park has to offer. Besides, the large central park not only have various activities and places for the local community to chill and relax but also to enjoy the scenic


Eco- friendly - nature conservation and preservation.

Energy saving .

Recreational spaces.

Space utilization.

Recreational spaces.

User Friendliness

Built form design and landscaping criteria

Built form design and landscaping criteria


view of the undisturbed nature within the town as it is inaccessible for transports.

Therefore, the business is based on selling recreational goods and also from business from recreational activities. This is the main source of economy to sustain the liveability of the town.

An impression view of the lake situated in the middle of the town’s central park - Alpheim

\The Master Plan of the Proposed Town - AINDCRAD



As shown as above illustrated the overall Master Plan of the newly proposed town – AINDCRAD which shows the Main Gateway which serves as an entry point ( East ) into the town. In it there are two lakes respectively. It shows the green spaces as well the Alpheim Park as well all layout of buildings along with the circulation and connectivity of the town.




Sub Monorail Station

Railway (Monorail)

Bus Trails & Lanes

Express ways

Roads

Agricultural Zone Railway ( Monorail )

High Retaining Wall

Municipal Boundary

Lake Segregator

Houses [LCR]

Religious Buildings

Clinic / Medical Centre

Community Hall

Convenient Sores

Houses [HCR]

Government Buildings

Institutions / Researching Facilities / Schools

Shopping Malls

Police Station

Fire Brigade

Condominiums

Shop lots

Shopping Complexes

Solar Farms & Windmills

Warehouses

Factories


OVERALL CROSS SECTIONAL VIEW

An illustration showing the cross sectional cut out view, viewed from the Transportation Central Hub, Energy & Retreatment Plant, Agriculture and Food Storage Hub, and also the Sub Monorail Station. Beneath the town illustrates a long tube connected from above the Energy & Water Retreatment Plant towards beneath the ground upon reaching towards [ LG2 ]. It serves as a connector tube to the retreatment facility as it gather wastes from [ LG2 ] and retreats it. After retreating it and converting it into grey water, it is then transported to [LG1] to further enhance the filtering process to enhance the quality and usability of the water. After the filtration process, it is finally transported to the ground level of the Energy & Retreatment Plant to add minerals and final revaluation of water before it distributes the water accordingly based on the weightages of distribution needed for the water , throughout the town.

ZONING & SPACES OF AINDCRAD



OVERVIEW OF ZONING OF AIDNCRAD


Recreational Ground

Alpheim Park

Agriculture Zone

Low Cost Residential Zone [LCR]

High Cost Residential Zone [HCR]

Central Business District [CBD]

Light Industrial Zone [LIZ]


The town is mainly divided into 6 zones, which are recreational ground, high cost residential zone [HCR], low class residential zone [LCR], Agriculture Zone, Light Industrial Zone [LIZ] and also Central Business District [CBD]. The arrangement and designation of the zones in the town are positioned in a way which will ensure the convenience of the local community and thus enhance connectivity throughout the town.

RECREATIONAL GROUND

The recreational ground is one of the main attractions in Aindcrad as a recreational business based town. The recreational ground will feature three docks for boating purposes which offers various boating activities to enhance recreational lifestyle of the local community and also the tourists. Besides, it has a deck which offers fisheries activities to enhance the leisure and pleasure of the local community. Apart from that, the recreational ground also offers a deck for outdoor water sports. This is to ensure that youngsters in the local community are also being emphasized on. Lastly the Recreational Ground will also feature the second lake in the town – Aindcrad Lake 2 which is a natural man made lake which is left untouched during the development and construction process. All in all, the recreational ground provides designated places and facilities which offers various types of outdoor recreational activities and is located right beside the Main Gateway of the town. [ Right side, North East ] This is to ensure that noise pollution does not affect the inlands of the residential area and to ensure easy access as it is accessible right from the entry point of the town.

AGRICULTURE ZONE

As stated, the agriculture zone serves to produce food supply to sustain the town’s people. The agriculture zone is vast and wide and it stretches from the Western end of Alpheim Park till the Western end of the town. [ West ] It is approximately the size of the Light Industrial Area. The location is positioned in the sense that it is far away from the CBD, Recreational Ground and also LIZ. This is to reduce contamination of agricultural products due to environmental pollution mainly from the LIZ and CBD zones. It is also located this way to ensure that the public will not have access to the agricultural zone. This is also to ensure less pollutants to pollute the green product of the agricultural zone.

LOW COST RESIDENTIAL ZONE [LCR]

The Low Cost Residential Zone [ LCR] is separated into two parts which is basically segregated by the Agricultural Zone and also part of Alpheim Park. It is located at North West and South West parts of the town. [ North West, South West ] The land area for the Low Cost Residential Zone is the largest among all zones. This is to ensure that there will be sufficient affordable houses for the local community. The location of the Low Cost Residential Zone is positioned this way in the sense that the local community can have an overall view of the town and also the town’s head leading park. The stated zone is also situated this way in the sense that they can enjoy the soothing atmosphere, further away from the hustle and bustle of the CBD zone and LIZ zone. Both of the LCR zones are positioned adjacent to the linear parks which is stretched and branched out from



Alpheim Park. This is to provide the leisure of walking and outdoor recreational activities among the local community which surrounds the zone. This will in turn enhance the walkability pleasure among the local community and hence making it more sustainable. Throughout the two zones, local services centres are positioned in a way it will ensure the local community’s convenience one way or the other. It comprises religious centres, community halls, clinics and also convenient stores.

HIGH COST RESIDENTIAL ZONE [HCR]

The HCR zone is located adjacent to the North West Zoned LCR .[ North East ] The linear park at the North point of the town segregates the two zones. The HCR zone is located this way to ensure that the residents can enjoy the picturesque view for both the Recreational Ground and also Alpheim Park. Besides is also located nearer to the Transport Central Hub to ensure the convenience of connectivity for the residents during normal working hours. Besides, the HCR zone offers a long streak of promenade waterfront facing Aindcrad Lake 1 in Alpheim Park. This will ensure the comfort and sustainable living of the local residents. As what is provided in the LCR zone, HCR zone too has community halls, religious centres, clinics and also convenient stores.

CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT [CBD]

This zone is the busiest part of the town and is located adjacent to the LIZ zone. [ South East ] The CBD is located this way to ensure the convenience of labours to move about in between the CBD area and also LIZ area. This is to save time during working hours and to reduce traffic congestions during peak periods. The CBD will comprise of various genres of malls featuring different shopping experience, shopping complexes, normal shop lots, government buildings and offices, police departments, fire departments, educational hub and institutes with research facilities etc.. These various kinds of facilities and buildings will ensure and enhance the job opportunity of the local community and thus increasing the local income of the town. The CBD zone is also laid in front of the a promenade waterfront which is a continuous streak from the promenade in the HCR zone. The local community can get to relax at the waterfront after hectic working hours and thus enjoy the scenery of the park.

LIGHT INDUSTRIAL ZONE [LIZ]

Only Light Industrial Zone is featured in this town as to reduce the effect of pollutions towards the eco-friendly environment and sustainable living. The LIZ zone is located right opposite of the Recreational Ground which is the left side of the main gateway. [ South East ] The LIZ zone is mainly based on the manufacture of recreational based items and equipment. This area consists of factories, warehouses and also fields for solar and biomass energy to enhance the usage of renewable and environmental friendly resources.

ALPHEIM PARK

It is located at the central region of the town and it features a large man made lake – Aindcrad Lake 1, 4 branched out linear parks, park boardwalk, cycling



trails, relaxation kiosks and also vast varieties of plants and vegetation. The lake is segregated into two parts, the recreational area and also the fishing quay. The fishing quay is a smaller sized area distribution and it serves to let the local community to enhance their hobby of fishing while relaxing in the park at the same time. The wharf of the fishing quay is located next to the CBD management hub which can also be access via the promenade waterfront above. In the middle of Alpheim Park is the Energy & Water Retreatment Plant where major waterworks are being carried out. It is, however separated and inaccessible for the public as it is not authorised. The entire park including the branched out linear parks are inaccessible for automobiles and other transportation and it is entirely replaced by jogging trails and also bicycle lanes. This is to ensure that no pollution is caused within the park and also to enhance the pleasure of walkability within the natural environment of the park.

Illustrations and Images of an impression of Aindcrad

Waterfront Promenade Aindcrad Lake 1 ( Alpheim Park )

Transport Central Hub Recreational Ground

TOPOGRAPHY, TERRAIN & POPULATION DISTRIBUTION OF AINDCRAD



Depth Distribution

Population Distribution


Flat terrain

Flat terrain

Flat terrain

Sloppy hills

Tilted edges

Medium terrain

Deep terrain

Base terrain

Shallow

Moderate

Deep

The town is not based on a piece of flat land, but on a sloppy terrain which later on is further modified to suit the needs and requirements of the functions and the buildings in the town. The main land where most of the buildings are situated is located on flat terrain. Gradually going inwards towards the central region is getting deeper and steeper as the inland part of the town is being shaped naturally by different varieties of landscapes. As for the Recreational Ground and the Agriculture Zone, it is shaped lower deeper to allow mitigation of water to take place to retain the water.

Low Population

Medium Population PopulationHigh Population

Low Density

Medium Density

The population distribution of the town is mainly denser in the centralized part of the town. In this case it’s the CBD zone. This is because CBD zone is the center for business, commerce and also administrative buildings and offices. Here, the local community work and gather around and hence making it the densest part of the town. On the other hand, agriculture zone is the lowest in population. The land will be only mainly populated by farmers and agriculture workers, without any common citizens living in that zone of town, thus making it the least dense among all of the zones in Aindcrad.


GREEN AREA DISTRIBUTION OF AINDCRAD


Very High Population

High Density

Dense



As shown in the illustration above is the green spaces distributed equally throughout the town. This is to ensure that the greeneries are implemented at places where local citizens have easy access to it and thus cut down time of arrival and hence increase the walkability throughout the town. Besides, by increasing the size of green spaces, green lung spaces will be increased as well, and thus neutralizing the effect of pollution from vehicles and also pollutants produced from LIZ. Green spaces also serves as spaces to enhance recreational activities among the local communities and indirectly mending their own social life.


TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM & CONNECTIVITY OF AINDCRAD


Agricultural Zone Railway

- Main route to connect Agricultural Zone throughout the town

- Branched out from the Transport Central Hub

Expressway

- Act as a highway and connects the outer part of the town

- Ensure time saving and convenience of citizens

Sub Monorail Station

- Allow pick up & drop off from different parts of town

- Serves as transit zone between monorails

Bus Trails & Lanes

- Stretches throughout all parts of town which act as another mean of public transport

- Stops by every Sub Monorail Station to allow transit from monorails to buses

Roads

- Main trail of transportation for private automobiles

- Connects all inner parts of the town which are branched out from the expressways, bus trails and lanes

Transport Central Hub

- Serves as the hub for all public transportations, initiates and coordinate all throughout the town

- Divides monorails into 4 parts - North, South, Agricultural and Industrial Zone

Main Gateway

- Main road leading into Aindcrad Town

- Connects industrial zones and recreational ground and act as a bypass between both zones

Railway [Monorail]

- Stretches throughout the town and transport citizens

- Circulates the entire town and comes back and forth to fit different


ROAD LANE DISRIBUTION OF AINDCRAD

FOOTPATH CYCLE LANE CAR LANE BUS LANES CAR LANE CYCLE LANE

2000mm 1800mm 3800mm 6400mm 3800mm 1800mm


FOOTPATH

To ensure the safety of pedestrians along the road.

To enhance and encourage walkability around the town.

Connected throughout the town along all roads and expressways.

Fitted with rest places, recreational kiosks and tree pits.

To enhance the pleasure of

CYCLE LANE

To ensure the safety of the cyclist.

To enhance the pleasure of cycling in the local community.

Built on both sides on the expressways.

Part of the road

BUS LANES

A public transportation which is connected throughout the town.

Circulates the town to enhance the usability of public transportation.

Specific lane for public buses to avoid road congestion and traffic congestion.

CAR LANE

One lane car lane.

To reduce the usage of private automobiles.

Connected from roads to expressways in the town.

Separated with another car lane.

To reduce the speed of car to ensure the safety of pedestrians.


TYPES OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM OF AINDCRAD

To enhance mobility and connectivity


Monorail System

Accommodates numerous number of citizens and transport the citizens back and forth the town throughout every zones in town which saves time, reduce traffic congestions and is user friendly yet environmental friendly.

Underground Subway System

Fast speed rapid monorail which is operating beneath the town. It is a linkage of fast speed rapid monorail which transport citizens form zones to zones of the town underground to reach their destinations without having to face the fear of traffic congestions.



Roads & Private Automobiles

Self owned transport which allows the local community to drive around freely throughout the town as the roads connects the inner parts of the town which gradually leads to the expressways of the towns and hence leading the citizens to main zones of the town. The roads are mainly only for private automobiles and also public buses to reduce the issue on road congestions.

Bus Lanes & Public Buses

Bus lanes & trails are being implemented throughout the town specifically only for buses. This is to ensure that traffic congestion will be reduced and thus always encourage the usability of public transportation. This way, pollution around the town can be reduced and hence ensure the sustainability of eco- friendly environment in terms of transportation and connectivity around the town.


TOWN ENHANCEMENT & SUSTAINABLE APPROACHES

Some of the town enhancement strategies that will be implemented onto Aindcrad Town is the Solar Transportation, Solar Farms and also Biomass Renewable Energy. These ways act as alternatives in terms of supplying energy source throughout the whole town. Besides, mobile Recycling System will be implemented throughout certain parts of major and busiest zones of the towns. Not to forget the implementations of linear parks to be included into the greenery of the town.

1) Forests can absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis.2) Forests can be harvested sustainably to produce biomass ( contains

waster bi-products produced by carbon dioxide gas.3) Biomass can be converted into heat and useful energy.4) Carbon dioxide is released back into the atmosphere and thus

allowing this useful, pragmatic and sustainable cycle to be repeated all over again.

The biomass renewable energy can serve as an alternative way to produce and generate energy for instance electrical energy for domestic and industrial purposes in a way to substitute water energy in the long run. This can ensure water supply from the lake can always be sufficient for other important uses in the town.

This will ensure sustainable and eco-friendly way of living in the town without causing any harm to the health of the local community and also to the environment.


BIOMASS RENEWABLE ENERGY

Make use of the existing forest area surrounding the town and utilize the forests into renewable energy.

Implement factories regarding biomass energy near forests which are located at the LIZ zone of the town.

Convert biomass energy and bi-product into useful energy to contribute to the town’s utilities.


1) Solar panels absorb UV rays and store inside its panel as heat energy.

2) The heat energy gradually turn into kinetic energy when it heats up and thus is used to generate power in the bus, making it moves using kinetic energy initially produce via heat energy from the sun.

3) The same concept applies onto the monorails as the kinetic energy will generate movement onto the magnetic tracks of the monorail and its railways, causing it to move independently without the use of electricity.

Solar transportation is one of the major green approaches in terms of transportation in the town and hence will ensure sustainable mobility and connectivity around the town. Utilizing the benefits of solar panels wisely like implementing it onto transportations will certainly save energy and thus making the public transportation in Aindcrad green and sustainable yet eco-friendly.

This is because it does not require and will not cause any further wastage of energy but reusing available energy provided via solar energy which is pollution free.


SOLAR TRANSPORT

Using renewable energy - solar thermal energy onto public transportation.

Enhance the usability and sustainability of public transportations in the town.

Solar thermal panels will be implemented onto frequently used public transportation to reduce energy wastage.


An image illustrating a solar farm which will be implemented onto Aindcrad Town.


SOLAR FARMING

By using solar farming in the new township, it will ensure convenience, affordability, high usability and also energy saving.

By having solar farms, it can substitute the role of the lake as the main source of energy to generate electricity. In the long run, it will be advantageous to the lake as the lake would not face the issue of water shortage.

Solar farming can in turn generates electricity for both domestic and industrial uses. By doing so, it will not only saves energy but yet will guarantee pollution free generation of power as it is entirely eco-friendly.

The solar panels implemented in the solar farm will absorb UV rays from the Sun and put to temporary storage within the cells in the solar panels. After the cells are fully heated up until a certain amount of temperature, it will gradually convert into kinetic energy which will be transported into the central part of the town where the main substation are located and hence only then the generated electrical energy will be equally distributed accordingly based on their weightages to residential zones, CBD and also industrial zones throughout the town.


By emphasizing on nature, hence this will encourage and increase the walkability of the local community throughout the town and thus carry out daily recreational activities.

Due to the absence of roads in the parks, hence no any means of transportations are allowed in the park area. This will ensure that the atmosphere and the natural environment of the park is not polluted by vehicles’ pollutant.

An image illustrating a typical linear park which will be implemented into Aindcrad Town.


LINEAR PARKS

It will be implemented along the residential areas and also in between the residential and agricultural zones.

There will be no roads or expressways whatsoever being built in the parks as this will disrupts the whole purpose of the whole existence of the park, that is to emphasize the life of getting back to nature, to reduce the distance between the local community and nature.



MOBILE RECYCLING STATION

Its serves to encourage the local community to recycle instead of just dumping useful and reusable wastes into the garbage.

It is mobile so it can be placed a anywhere throughout the town and thus allowing the citizens to recycle wastes wherever and whenever they are.

1) Processed items are collected to manufactured into useful items .

2) Collection of trash and recyclable wastes throughout the town and thus send it to the recycling center to be sorted and classified before undergoing different processes.

An image illustrating a typical mobile recycling station which will be implemented into Aindcrad Town.


GREEN PLANS OF AINDCRAD

Green plan, as the name suggested are plans on how to implement green technology onto an infrastructure of a town. It also serves to become and develop into sustainable approaches for the town to enhance comfort and quality of living along with environmental-friendly technologies. Henceforth, there are several green implementations which will be proposed and later on, implemented onto the town which will also serves to provide sustainable living.


RAINWATER HARVESTING

Purpose :

To save water consumption and over reliant towards the water supply from the lake as its supply is limited, to reuse water which has been retreated and hence saves resources.

Benefits :

It provides an independent water supply during regional water restrictions and in developed countries is often used to supplement the main supply. It provides water when there is a drought, can help mitigate flooding of low-lying areas and enable ground water levels to be sustained. It also helps in the availability of potable water as rainwater is substantially free of salinity and other salts.

It is actually the accumulation of deposition of rainwater into a specific tank for temporary storage before it can be reuse due to slight contamination of water.

An image of cistern for rainwater storage purpose.



URBAN AGRICULTURE

Purpose :

To save water consumption and practice and implement the technology of reusing treated water for vegetative agriculture purposes.

Benefits :

It will enhance the productivity and the quality of the vegetative product as the water used to water products are treated accordingly based on standard medium to suit different types of vegetation, considering the fact of different typography, temperature and also climate.

It is the accumulations of water from the gutter (rainwater) and hence being treated using different types of suitable medium and nutrient to suit the growth of vegetation. After that, the treated medium is placed into a pot which are attached to pipes beneath the flower pots and hence used to water the vegetation either manually or by using sprinklers.

An image showing a typical layout of urban agriculture with potted base.


Rooftop gardens are being implemented in the town to let the local community emphasize on green living and encourage self vegetation. It also serves as a technique on space utilization in the highly congested urban area and to prevent landscaping congestion. It also serves as a wise way to fully utilize the empty space of the roof.


ROOFTOP GARDEN

Purpose :

Besides the decorative benefit, roof plantings have the purpose to provide food, temperature control, hydrological benefits, architectural enhancement, and also recreational opportunities. The practice of cultivating food on the rooftop of buildings is sometimes referred to as rooftop farming which usually consist green roof, hydroponics, aeroponics or air-dynaponics systems or container gardens.

Benefits :

It will enhance the local community to become self reliant. They can grow their self owned agriculture crops and sustain their own lives. Besides, roof gardens roles are very significant as they serves to reduce the temperature of the urban area and hence provide humidity around the town. Henceforth it serves to reduce heat around the urban area and thus reduce energy consumption.

An illustration showing a typical rooftop of a commercial block having rooftop garden being implemented onto its roof.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Container_garden

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air-dynaponics

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air-dynaponics

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeroponics

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroponics



URBAN GREENHOUSE

Purpose :

The enhance the quality and quantity of the productivity of agricultural products in the town in a short amount of tie to cope with the demand of food due to due to dense population.

Benefits :

The agricultural product and quantity will be able to cope with the dense population of the town and at the same time producing a large quantity of high quality product for the local community and also to be exported to enhance local income.

The urban greenhouse that will be implementing onto the town will emphasize the usage of organic fertilizers onto self produce vegetation. Daylight conservation will also be implemented onto the vegetation method in order to enhance the speed of growth and the quality of the product. The urban greenhouse are proposed to be implemented on rooftops of commercial blocks and also in the agricultural zone of the town itself.

An illustration showing a urban greenhouse which is being implemented onto the rooftops of one of the buildings.


A typical scenario on the Green Implementations on buildings in Aidncrad

- The proposed town will be going to implement rooftop gardens at zones and places which are likely to suffer from urban heat island effect, which in this case CBD buildings and LIZ buildings are most likely to occur. Therefore, green roofs / rooftop gardens are to be focus on buildings in those two zones.

- Green façade or in other words vertical gardens are to implemented onto commercial blocks for instance shop lots and normal shopping complexes. This is to reduce the urban heat temperature around the zones which have denser populations and congested area.

- Solar panels are likely to be implemented onto house in High Cost Residential Zone (HCR). This is because the installation of solar panels are costly and very unlikely to be implemented onto houses in Low Cost residential Zone (LCR). Besides, the main aim to implement the solar panels onto houses is to ensure that the local community utilize energy wisely and do not waste heat energy and electricity in household area for domestic uses.

- Rooftop Urban Greenhouse will be implemented on the rooftops of shopping malls to allow customers to stroll on the rooftop while getting close to nature. This is also a wise way to utilize the empty space on top of a roof. Besides, the urban greenhouse is also to be implemented onto the Agriculture Zone. This is to increase the productivity and the quality of the agricultural products.



- Rainwater harvesting should be implemented onto every houses in order to save water supply and in preparation of emergencies like water restriction and water crisis.

[LG1] WATERWORKS & UNDERGROUND PIPING SYSTEM

This is where water supply is collected from the sewerage system beneath [LG2] and is filtered once more before being distributed to all household and industrial zones for own uses.


Main Water Pipes

- Main water pipes which is branched out from the Energy & Water Treatment Plant

- Stretches throughout the town and transfer clean water source

Sub Water Treatment Plant

- A sub water storage and treatment plant to avoid water being contaminated and transported around the town.

Energy & Water Treatment Plant

- Main hub to treat the water from the lake to distribute to the local community.

- Storage place for water sources to ensure sufficient water supply.

- Use water as an alternative source of energy.

Sub Water Pipes

- Act as a sub pipe which is branched out from the main water pipes.

- Circulates the whole town and transfer retreated water from


[LG2] Water Wastes & Sewerage Piping System

This is the base of all the water supply throughout the whole town. Here all wastes and sewerage is being accumulated and collected from each sub wastes storages and is then transported to the waste management & sewerage hub and only after the first stage of filtration, then it is transported upwards to LG1 for further retreatment.


Waste Management & Sewerage System Hub

- To treat the wastes from all zones of the town and to act as a temporary storage space for wastes and treated water.

- To transfer treated wastes into usable water resources to LG1 - the water treatment plant, to retreat all water to be transferred to all zones of the town.

Sub wastes Storages

- To act as a temporary storage for wastes surrounding the town and branches out via the pipes of the sewerage system and transfer all wastes from all zones to the waste management & sewerage system hub to be further retreated.

Main Sewerage pipes

- Circulates and stretches throughout the underground system of the town, collecting industrial , agricultural and also domestic wastes and transferring it to the sub wastes storages to be temporarily stored for retreatment process.


Perspective View from the Main Gateway of the town, East Entry Point



Conclusion



Through the process of this assignment, I had obtain a clearer and deeper understanding on the importance of efficient and systematic urban planning in order to build a good and efficient future town. In order to develop a deeper understanding towards the different kinds of cities whether it is an ancient city, present city, lost city and etc. In order to clarify this statement , I have to carry out deep and refine researches based on the topic. Apart from that, after obtaining the information needed, I would have to carry out analytical and comprehensive understanding towards the information found and thus eliminate and obtain useful points which is suitable and adequate for the assignments given.

Apart from that, I have to carry out detailed analysis and interpretation on the problems faced by each different types of towns and cities and brainstorm on ways to solve the problems. Upon the process on producing this proposal, I had come to attention on the importance of efficient planning in order to make the town sustainable and livable. In this context, I should pay more attention on implementing green approaches onto township planning in order to make it sustainable and livable for all people from all walks of life. I also come to attention that eco-friendly town is very important to sustain the daily activities of the local community and hence should be the primary key in the proposed town.

Reference LinksRyan Kerry Jee Jin Yiing | 0318715 | Mr Lee Cherng Yih | FNBE APR 2014 | Taylor’s University

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(i) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (2013) Rainwater Harvesting System, Available at : http://www.water.gov.my/our-services-mainmenu- 252/urban-stormwater/sistem-penuaian-air-hujan-spah-mainmenu- 965?lang=en (Accessed : 14 July 2014 )

(ii) Solar Trade Association (n.d.) Solar Farm, Available at : http://www.solar- trade.org.uk/solarFarms.cfm ( Accessed : 11 July 2014 )

(iii) World Food Summit (1996) Water Utilization Intensity, Available at : http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/w2612e/w2612eMap11-e.pdf ( Accessed : 12 July 2014 )

(iv) Clearview (2014) Clearview Community Planning, Available at : http://www.clearview.ca/home/municipal-services/planning ( Accessed at : 12 July 2014)


http://www.clearview.ca/home/municipal-services/planning

http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/w2612e/w2612eMap11-e.pdf

http://www.water.gov.my/our-services-mainmenu-

http://www.water.gov.my/our-services-mainmenu-

Education

ENBE Project 2 ( Final Project ) - Built Environments ~ A Better Future Town