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Religious Building Around
The WorldName : Chin Ke Ni KellyStudent ID : 0324021
Module : Effective Public CommunicationSession : September 2015
Time Slot : Thursday 4-6pm
St. Paul's Cathedral
Location
Historical background
604 A.D• First St Paul's is built
and consecrated• The first wooden church
dedicated to St Paul's is built by Mellitus, Bishop of the East Saxons.
• It burns down in 675 A.D and is rebuilt soon after.
Historical background
962 A.D• The third St Paul's
built in stone• The second St
Paul's is destroyed by the Vikings before a new, third church is built in stone.
Historical background
1087 A.D• After more destruction the Cathedral is
rebuilt by the Normans• Following another fire the Cathedral is
rebuilt by the Normans, who are determined to create the longest and tallest Christian church in the world.
The Cathedral finished in 1240 A.D is
Old St. Paul's
Historical Background
1512• St Paul's School is
founded by the Cathedral's Dean, John Colet. Erasmus, a friend of Colet, writes textbooks for the school. Colet is Dean of St Paul's from 1505 A.D until his death.
Historical Background
1668 • Christopher Wren is hired to
re-build St Paul's• Up-and-coming architect,
Christopher Wren, is hired to rebuild St Paul's after the Great Fire. Wren goes through many different designs and plans for the new Cathedral, before he is finally given the go-ahead
Historical Background
1913 • Suffragettes plant a bomb
in St Paul's• A Virger finds a bomb
under the Bishop's throne in the quire. The 'enormous bomb' was planted by Suffragettes at the very height of ther campaign for equality.
Historical Background
1940• St Paul's becomes a symbol
of Wartime resistance• As bombs rain down over
London in the Blitz, St Paul's stands tall above the burning city. Prime Minister Winston Churchill declares that St Paul's 'must be saved at all costs'
St. Paul's Cathedral
STRUCTURE
WEST FRONT
The west front of St Paul's is dominated by a triangular relief depicting the conversion of the Cathedral's patron saint to Christianity. Above it stands the figure of St Paul himself, flanked by other apostles and the four evangelists. This was the work of Francis Bird between 1718-21, who was greatly influenced by the church architecture of Rome. Bird also carved the statue of Queen Anne that stands in front of St Paul's. Anne was the reigning monarch at the time of the Cathedral's completion.
The interior of the dome showing how Thornhill's painting continues an illusion of the real architectural features.
DOMEInterior Exterior
The Nave
The High Altar
• The long central aisle that leads to the dome
• At the very west end of the nave are the Great West Doors
• which stand nine metres tall and are used for special services
• The arrival of visitors such as HM The Queen and the Lord Mayor of London.
THE NAVE
• The present high altar dates from 1958 and is made of marble and carved and gilded oak.
• It features a magnificent canopy based on a sketch by Christopher Wren, but which wasn't built in his time.
• It replaced a large Victorian marble altar and screen, which were damaged by a bomb strike in WW2, which destroyed a large part of the east end of the Cathedral.
THE HIGH ALTAR
• The four quarter-dome mosaics were added to the designs of Richmond, beginning in 1899.
• They illustrate subjects from Paul's Epistle to the Corinthians. Perhaps the finest of them is the Crucifixion, in which Christ is seen to be crucified not on a cross
• But on the Tree of Life itself, whose branches spread to bring good to all nations
Buttress given for extra strength for screen walls
Thick walls are provided internally
LAYOUT
(1) West Door(2) Chapel(3) Chapel(4) North Aisle(5) Nave
(6) South Aisle(7) North Transept(8) Dome(9) South Transept(10) Aisle
(11) Choir(12) Dean’s Aisle(13) High Altar(14)Chapel
MONUMENT
The North Aisle
The Quire
The South Aisle
Wellington's Monument
• A monument to one of Britain's greatest soldiers and statesmen, Arthur, Duke of Wellington, sits in one of the arches between the nave and the north aisle.
• Wellington died in 1852 but his monument was not completed until 1912, when the figure on horseback was unveiled. During WW2 the figures of Wellington and his horse were put into safe storage.
Wellington's Monument
THE QUIRE
• The quire is at the east of the Cathedral's cross and is where the choir and clergy normally sit during services
• The quire was the first part of St Paul's to be built and consecrated
• The choir stalls on both sides feature delicate carvings by Grinling Gibbons, whose work is seen in many royal palaces and great houses.
THE NORTH AISLE
• The north aisle is located to the left of the Great West Door entrance
• Off this narrow aisle you can access St Dunstan's Chapel, which is set aside for private prayer at all times of the day
THE SOUTH AISLE
• The south aisle is located to the right of the Great West Door entrance
• Off this narrow aisle you can access The Chapel of St Michael and St George, which is the spiritual home to the Order of the same name
• The chapel was originally the consistory court - the place where the bishop sat in judgement over the clergy. Memorials include that of Thomas Middleton, first Bishop of India.
ORNAMENTATION
Stone Carvings by Rona Black
REFERENCES
https://www.stpauls.co.uk/
http://spc.adlibhosting.com/default.aspx
http://architectureassociate.blogspot.my/2013/07/st-pauls-cathedral.html
http://tipter.com/trips/st-paul-s-cathedral-tate-modern-globe-theatre-and-bankside
https://www.stpauls.co.uk/visits/visits/explore-the-cathedral
http://www.explore-stpauls.net/oct03/textMM/DomeDecoN.htm
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/architecture_cathedral_01.shtml
THANK YOU
