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Position and action of muscles of the head and neck
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Facial Muscles
TriangularisPosition-Corner of the lower
lip, extends over the chin
Action -Pulls the corners of
the chin down
Expression
TemporalisPosition- Runs down the side
of the face towards the upper jaw
Action - Aids raising and
lowering the jaw when chewing
FrontalisPosition- Upper part of the
cranium-forehead
Action - Moves the scalp
forward and raises eyebrows - surprise
Expression
ZygomaticusPosition- Runs down the
cheek towards the corner of the mouth
Action Pulls the corner of
the mouth upwards and sideways as in smiling Expressi
on
CorrugatorPositionMedial end of the
eyebrow
ActionDraws the eyebrows
down and together as in frowning
Expression
Orbicularis occuliPositionSphincter muscle
surrounding the eye orbit.
ActionOpen and close the
eye as in winking and blinking
Expression
Orbicularis OrisPositionA sphincter muscle
surrounding the mouth
ActionCloses and opens
the mouth
Expression
BuccinatorPositionRun through the
angle of the cheek to the corners of the mouth
ActionCompresses food in
the cheeks when eating and allows the blowing action
Expression
RisoriusPositionCorners of the
mouth above the Buccinator muscle
ActionPulls the corner of
the mouth upwards and sideways as in grinning
Expression
MasseterPositionRun down the face to
the angle of the jaw
ActionLifts, lowers and
closes the jaw aiding mastication by exerting pressure on teeth Expression
Depressor labii inferiorePositionUnderside of the
lower lip, either side of the mentalis muscle
ActionTo depress the lower
lip
Expression
PlatysmaPositionFront and side of the
neck, down to the clavicle
ActionDepresses lower jaw
and lip wrinkling skin tissue on neck
MentalisPositionAttached to the
lower jaw and the lower lip at the point of the chin
ActionLifts and wrinkles
the chin turns lower lip outwards as in pouting
Expression
NasalisPositionOver the front of the
nose
ActionCompresses and
dilates the nostril openings causing wrinkling
Expression
ProcerusPositionTop of the nose
between the eyebrows
ActionDepresses the
eyebrows and forms wrinkles over the bridge of the nose
Quadratus labii SuperiorePositionRuns upwards from
upper lip in four separate groups
ActionLifts the upper lip
and helps open the mouth
Sternocleido MastoidPositionEither side of the neck
to sternum and clavicle
ActionIndividually rotates the
head to one side, pulls head down to shoulder and together pulls the chin onto the chest
Pectoralis majorPosition Front of the chest, under the breast.
Action Pulls the arm forward and assists with rotation
DeltoidPositionCaps the shoulder
Action Raises the arm to the side,Pulls it back and forward again
Occipitalis
PositionAt the back of the skull
ActionHelps with movement of the head
TrapeziusPositionUpper back and sides of neck
ActionRotation of shoulders, draws back scapula ie, braces shoulders, pull head back