45
G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005 1 July 5, July 5, 2005 2005 igher Education Reform in South Kore igher Education Reform in South Kore Policy Responses to a Changing World Policy Responses to a Changing World Gwang-Jo Kim, Ed.D Gwang-Jo Kim, Ed.D Ministry of Education & Human Resources De velopment Republic of Korea

Higher Education Reform Ministry Of Education

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

1

July 5, 2005July 5, 2005July 5, 2005July 5, 2005

Higher Education Reform in South KoreaHigher Education Reform in South Korea

- Policy Responses to a Changing World -- Policy Responses to a Changing World -

Gwang-Jo Kim, Ed.DGwang-Jo Kim, Ed.DMinistry of Education & Human Resources Development

Republic of Korea

Gwang-Jo Kim, Ed.DGwang-Jo Kim, Ed.DMinistry of Education & Human Resources Development

Republic of Korea

Page 2: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

2

ContentsContents

I.I. Overview Overview

II.II. State of Higher EducationState of Higher Education

III.III. Issues and Challenges Issues and Challenges

IV.IV. Reform InitiativesReform Initiatives

Page 3: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

3

I. OVERVIEW

Page 4: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

4

South Korea at a GlanceSouth Korea at a Glance

Seoul

Busan

P’yongyang

Kwangju

Korea

Chongjin

DaeguTaech’on

About 100 thousand sq kms

48 Million People

7 metropolitan cities & 9 provinces

GNI: US$ 576.4 Bil.(per capita GNI US$12,020 as of FY03)

Unemployment: 3.5% in 2004(Youth unemployment 7.9%)

Page 5: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

5

Brief history and cultureBrief history and culture

Brief History 3 Kingdoms (BC 1C–AD 7C) – Shilla(7-10C) - Koryo(10-14C)

- Chosun(1392-1910)“Country of Morning Calm”, “Hermit Nation” Japanese Colonial Rule (1910-1945) - Korean War (1950-’53) Authoritarian Regime (until 1980s) - Democratization (1990s~)

Cultural Features Homogeneous people & language: prevalence of egalitarianism Tradition of Confucianism: high regard for learning & zeal for edu

cation excessive demand for education Education ideal: Broadly Benefiting All Human Being (“Hong-ik I

n-gan”) Traditional hierarchy of professions: scholars – farmers –engineers

/scientists – merchants; preference for “generalists”

Page 6: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

6

Economic developmentEconomic development

1970 1980 1990 1997 1998 2000 2004

Population (Millions) 32 38 43 46 46 47 48

GNI per capita (US$)

650 2,324 7,751 10,363 6,843 9,675 12,646

Unemployment rate (%) 4.4 5.2 2.4 2.6 6.8 4.1 3.5

Labor force (Millions) 10 14 19 21 21 22

23(2003)

Labor force Participation rate

(%)47.6 59.0 60.0 62.2 60.5 60.7

61.4(2003)

Page 7: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

7

Economy and education (’60s-’70s)Economy and education (’60s-’70s)

1960s – mid-1970s

EconomyTake-off & export-driven in ‘60s; export acceleration in early ‘70s

Major Industry/Exports

Light manufacturing goods (clothing, textile, shoes, etc)

Electronic goods (television, radios)

General Education

Expansion of primary & lower secondary education

School equalization policy

VET/HE

Emphasis on VET(late ‘60s)

Separate VET track

Limited access to university education

Page 8: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

8

Economy and education (’70s-’80s)Economy and education (’70s-’80s)

mid-1970s – 1980s

Economy Structural adjustments in late ‘70s: from imitation to innovation in ‘80s

Major Industry/Exports

Heavy & Chemical industry

Iron industry, shipyard, precision manufacture

General Education Expansion of upper secondary education

VET/HE Strengthening Junior College & Open University

Expansion of HE (Graduation enrollment quota)

Page 9: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

9

Economy and education (’90s ~)Economy and education (’90s ~)

1990s through the present

Economy National competitiveness in early ‘90s; Knowledge-based economy in mid-’90s

Major Industry/ Exports

Semiconductor, Information & communication technology

Computer, Cellular phone, Memory chips

General Education

Establish life-long learning infra-structure

Promote deregulation & diversity

VET/HECurriculum integration & School diversification

Employment Insurance system

Cyber university, credit bank system, etc.

Page 10: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

10

II. STATE OF HIGHER EDUCATION

Page 11: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

11

Formal education systemFormal education system

2323

2222

2121

2020

1919

1818

1717

1616

1515

1414

1313

1212

1111

1010

99

88

77

66 KindergartenKindergarten

Elementary SchoolElementary School

Middle SchoolMiddle School

General High SchoolGeneral High School

College/University(4-year College, University of Technology, Industrial University)

College/University(4-year College, University of Technology, Industrial University)

Graduate SchoolGraduate School

Vocational High School(agricultural, technical, industrial,

commercial, fishery, home, economies)

Vocational High School(agricultural, technical, industrial,

commercial, fishery, home, economies)

Junior CollegeJunior College

AgeAge

Page 12: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

12

Education Finance (Public Investment)Education Finance (Public Investment)

0

5

10

15

20

25

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

'60 '90'80'70

Gov't Budget Share

GNP Share

s,

Page 13: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

13

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

K-12 Higher Ed

KoreaOECD

 (Source : Education at a Glance, 2004)

Public educational expenditures (% GDP)Public educational expenditures (% GDP)

Page 14: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

14

Governance of educationGovernance of educationMinistry of Education & Human Resources Development Responsible for policies related to human resources development includi

ng school education, higher education, and lifelong learning Headed by Deputy Prime Minister: Super-Ministry status, the national c

oordinating authority for human resources development (HRD)

National HRD Committee Composed of 14 line ministries (sub-cabinet meeting) Monitor and evaluate the implementation of HRD policies

Educational Policy Advisory Councils Ministrerial Education Policy Council Presidential Commission on Educational Innovation Council

Page 15: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

15

Higher education sector is divided intoHigher education sector is divided intothe following segments :the following segments :

Universities 182 universities (1.8 million enrolments each year)

Polytechnics 18 Industrial Universities (200,000 enrolments each year) 1 technical college (196 enrolments)

Junior Colleges 158 junior colleges (900,000 enrolments each year)

Others 1 Air & corr. University (300,000 enrolments each year) 17 Cyber Colleges & Universities (40,000 enrolments each year)

Page 16: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

16

Qualification frameworkQualification framework

HE TypeHE Type Academic QualificationsAcademic Qualifications Vocational QualificationsVocational Qualifications

Junior College Associate Degree Industrial Engineer

University Bachelor’s Degree Engineer

Master Craftsman

Graduate School

Master’s Degree

Doctoral Degree Professional Engineer

Page 17: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

17

Financial and human resources invested in HEFinancial and human resources invested in HE

• Source : Education at a Glance (OECD Indicators, 2004) (PPP $)

KoreaKorea OECDOECD USUS JapanJapan

GDP per capita(’01)GDP per capita(’01) $ 15,916$ 15,916 $ 26,685$ 26,685 $ 35,179$ 35,179 $ 26,636$ 26,636

Expenditure per student(’01)Expenditure per student(’01) $ 6,618 $ 6,618 $ 12,319$ 12,319 $ 22,234$ 22,234 $11,164 $11,164

Public expenditure on HE as Public expenditure on HE as a percentage of GDPa percentage of GDP

0.50.5 1.31.3 1.51.5 0.50.5

Ratio of students to teaching Ratio of students to teaching staffstaff

- - 15.415.4 17.117.1 11.211.2

Survival rates in Survival rates in tertiary educationtertiary education

Type A *Type A * 7979 7070 6666 9494

Type B**Type B** 7474 7373 6262 8686

Note) *Type A : University, Graduate School **Type B : Junior college, Technical college

Page 18: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

18

University Graduates by Field of Study (%)University Graduates by Field of Study (%)

* Source : Education at a Glance (OECD Indicators, 2002)

Education Humanities & Art

Social Sciences, Business,

Law

Services Engineer-ing, Manu-fa

cturing

Agri-culture

Health & Welfare

Physical sciences

KoreaKorea 5.2 21.4 22.3 2.9 27.4 2.6 7.1 3.5

U.S.A.U.S.A. 13.2 14.4 41.4 3.5 6.3 2.3 9.6 1.4

GermanyGermany 8.0 14.7 27.4 1.8 17.6 1.9 15.2 5.0

HungaryHungary 20.0 8.7 38.7 8.4 9.1 3.7 8.5 0.7

PolandPoland 11.5 6.5 40.0 3.6 7.3 1.7 1.9 1.2

Page 19: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

19

Expansion of higher educationExpansion of higher education

’70 ’80 ’90 ’00 ’04

5.4%11.4%

23.6%

61.7%52.5%

EliteElite MassMass UniversalUniversal(Trow)

※ The Percentage of Higher Education Attendance = (enrolled students/school age population)

Page 20: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

20

School leavers choice 2002 (1990)School leavers choice 2002 (1990)

Graduation Graduation from Year from Year

12 12 Secondary Secondary

SchoolSchool

Graduation Graduation from Year from Year

12 12 Secondary Secondary

SchoolSchool

4 year Universities4 year Universities4 year Universities4 year Universities

2 year Jr. Colleges 2 year Jr. Colleges 2 year Jr. Colleges 2 year Jr. Colleges

18.1%(33.7%)

Post Grad StudyPost Grad StudyPost Grad StudyPost Grad Study

8.6% (7.7%) of

Graduates

56.4% (52.3%) of Graduates

Non-economic activity Non-economic activity populationpopulation

Non-economic activity Non-economic activity populationpopulation

WorkWorkWorkWork

9.7%(37.8%)

23.9%(11.7%)

54.3%(20.0%)

37.7% (48.2%) of Graduates

12.4% (7.4%) of

Graduates

25.0% (22.4%) of Graduates

31.1% (37.0%) of Graduates

Page 21: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

21

Employment rate by education levelEmployment rate by education level

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Voc. high school Jr .collegePolytech. univ. Polytech. collegeVocational inst.

Page 22: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

22

Earnings differentialsEarnings differentials

0

50

100

150

200

250

1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998year

perc

ent below middle

junior collegeabove university

Page 23: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

23

III. ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

Page 24: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

24

College admission dominates k-12 eCollege admission dominates k-12 educationducation

Dominance of prestigious institutions Ministers graduated from ‘SKY University’: 68.4%, 288/421(1980~2002) Chief public prosecutors graduated from ‘SNU’ : 72.5%(2002) CEO graduated from ‘SKY University’ : 39.8%, 1,703/4,281(2002) Congressmen graduated from ‘SKY University’ : 57.1%, 156/273(2002)

Severe competition to get into prestigious colleges : “exam hell”

Teachers: Pressure to focus on test-taking skills rather than life skills Students: Learning burden, lack of motivation to learn Parents : Private costs of education (2% of GDP on private tutoring)

Policies to subdue excess competition Ban on private tutoring High School Leveling Policy for last 30 years Debate between egalitarianism and elitism

Page 25: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

25

Concentration in Seoul metropolitan Concentration in Seoul metropolitan area poses another problemarea poses another problem

19601960 19701970 19801980 19901990 20002000

  Business Business FirmsFirms

# Firms# Firms 26.726.7 32.832.8 43.843.8 58.158.1 56.656.6

OutputsOutputs 41.241.2 46.346.3 38.638.6 43.743.7 36.836.8

FinancialFinancialInstitutionsInstitutions

DepositsDeposits 59.759.7 68.268.2 69.869.8 65.565.5 67.967.9

LoansLoans 44.544.5 67.167.1 69.269.2 62.962.9 62.262.2

  UniversitiesUniversities# Institutions# Institutions 52.952.9 56.356.3 49.449.4 45.845.8 41.841.8

EnrollmentsEnrollments 55.855.8 69.169.1 48.648.6 41.541.5 39.839.8

  Hospitals Hospitals 42.042.0 48.748.7 43.443.4 49.249.2 47.547.5

* Source : National Census Data (%)

Page 26: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

26

Relative performance of HE is not as good as..Relative performance of HE is not as good as..Science Citation Index

6,341

9,744

13,669

16,638

23,366

-

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

GER as of 2001 Primary: 98%, Secondary: 96%, Tertiary: 84%.

PISA 2003 2nd in total rank, 1st in problem solving abilities, 2nd in reading, 3rd in math, 4th in science

Page 27: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

27

Extent of specialization is too lowExtent of specialization is too low

AssociateAssociate Bachelor Bachelor Master Master DoctorateDoctorate

53%53% 19%19% 20%20% 8%8%

44%44% 4%4% 13%13% 39%39%

No differences among universities monotonous system the Number of programs per university : 38 (’90) 57 (’04)

Excess supply in graduate students Unemployment rate (engineering) : 9.8%(’97) 16.6%(’03) 139 of 200 4-year universities offer doctoral degree

KoreaKorea

U SU S

Page 28: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

28

HE is not pertinent enoughHE is not pertinent enough

87%Practice&field exp

75%Creativity

68%Field

experience offaculty

70%instructions

72%CurriculumFederation of Korean

Industries, 2002.

24.131.6

26.727.9

15.815.0

33.325.4

Jr.CollegeUniversity

Well Matched

Matched MismatchedBadly Mismatched

Source: Office of Statistics, 2003

(%)

Extent of dissatisfaction: CEO’s view on HE

Mismatch between jobs and majors

Page 29: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

29

Stakeholders are disconnectedStakeholders are disconnectedLimited university-industry partnership Low mobility between academia and business University portion of industry's R&D investment: 2.4%(’00) → 1.7% (’03) (MOST, ‘04)

Low commercialization of university-based IPRs Patent share (90~’01) : universities 0.5%, companies 78.8%, re

search institutes 2.9%, individuals 17.8%

Un-coordinated financial support to universities Duplication of funding for the same purpose by several line mi

nistries

Page 30: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

30

HE is not prepared for an aging HE is not prepared for an aging populationpopulation

18%

37%

18% 19%

30%

36%32%

25%

50%48%46%

25%

1995 2000 2010 2020

15-29 30-54 Over 55

<Source : National Statistical Office>

Page 31: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

31

Nor is it matched up to a structural Nor is it matched up to a structural change in the economychange in the economy

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1970 1980 1990 1995 1998 2000 2003year

%

Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing

Mining & Manufacturing

Service and Others

Page 32: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

32

Knowledge workers are in great Knowledge workers are in great demanddemand

ClassificationClassification 19931993 19981998 20002000 20022002Change(02~93)Change(02~93)

Legislators, senior official and managersLegislators, senior official and managers

523(2.6)523

(2.6)494

(2.5)494

(2.5)465

(2.2)465

(2.2)570

(2.6)570

(2.6)47(0)47(0)

Professionals, technicians & associate professionalsProfessionals, technicians & associate professionals

2,417(12.6)2,417(12.6)

3,254(16.3)3,254(16.3)

3,477(16.4)3,477(16.4)

3,692(16.7)3,692(16.7)

1,275(4.1)

1,275(4.1)

ClerksClerks 2,474(12.9)2,474(12.9)

2,481(12.4)2,481(12.4)

2,512(11.9)2,512(11.9)

2,822(12.7)2,822(12.7)

348(▽0.2)

348(▽0.2)

Service workers and shop and market sales workersService workers and shop and market sales workers

4,053(21.1)4,053(21.1)

4,712(23.6)4,712(23.6)

5,501(26.0)5,501(26.0)

5,795(26.1)5,795(26.1)

1,742(5.0)

1,742(5.0)

Skilled agricultural and fishery workersSkilled agricultural and fishery workers

2,322(12.1)2,322(12.1)

2,284(11.5)2,284(11.5)

2,115(10.0)2,115(10.0)

1,964(8.9)

1,964(8.9)

▽358(▽3.2)▽358

(▽3.2)

Craft, machine operators and assemblersCraft, machine operators and assemblers

5,341(27.8)5,341(27.8)

4,643(23.3)4,643(23.3)

4,980(23.5)4,980(23.5)

5,070(22.9)5,070(22.9)

▽271(▽4.9)▽271

(▽4.9)

Elementary occupationsElementary occupations 2,105(10.9)2,105(10.9)

2,069(10.4)2,069(10.4)

2,107(10.0)2,107(10.0)

2,255(10.2)2,255(10.2)

150(▽0.7)

150(▽0.7)

Total Employed PersonsTotal Employed Persons 19,234(100)

19,234(100)

19,938(100)

19,938(100)

21,156(100)

21,156(100)

22,169(100)

22,169(100)

2,935(0)

2,935(0)

(Unit : thousands)

Page 33: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

33

The trend of knowledge-based economy The trend of knowledge-based economy is acceleratingis accelerating

< Source : MOCIE>

The Portion of knowledge-intensive industry

67%

51%

60%

40%

Secondaryindustry

Services

2000

2010

Page 34: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

34

IV. REFORM INITIATIVES

Page 35: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

35

Top-notch Top-notch professionalsprofessionals

(Graduate Schools)

Regional Regional innovation innovation initiatorsinitiators

(Universities)

Industrial Industrial engineers engineers

(Junior Colleges )

LB information LB information

Restructuring & competition

Restructuring & competition

PartnershipsPartnerships

Selected funding for specializationSelected funding for specialization

Page 36: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

36

Major strategiesMajor strategiesMinimum regulations to maintain social solidarity college admission policies with the “three-Nos” policy (no entran

ce exam, no use of HS ranking, no admission with donations)

Promotion of restructuring and competition through market discipline use of various incentives and disincentives

Funding based on “selection and concentration” targeted funding for specialization and regional parity

Financing learners rather than providers learner-oriented/demand-side financing (student loans)

Improvement of HE/labor market information manpower forcasting and assessment of skill requirements

Enhancement of networking and partnerships with local governments and business community

Page 37: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

37

Reform of college admission policyReform of college admission policy

NOWNOW 20082008

SAT (Scholastic SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test)Aptitude Test)

Test scoresTest scores

Annual preparation of Annual preparation of

test itemstest items

Ranking (1-9th grade)Ranking (1-9th grade) Item poolsItem pools

GPA (HS grade point GPA (HS grade point average)average)

Letter Grade (A,B,C..)Letter Grade (A,B,C..) Raw Scores Raw Scores

with Mean and SDwith Mean and SD

InterviewInterview Less ImportantLess Important More important

Admission based on Admission based on residence, SES..residence, SES..

Small portionSmall portion More portionMore portion

Page 38: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

38

Improvement of professional trainingImprovement of professional training

Internalization of professional programs Encourage collaboration with world-class

institutions Provide financial incentives (e.g., BK21)

Institutionalization of professional schools in high value-added service sector Law, medicine, MBA, international finance, etc. Promote training at graduate level rather than at

undergraduate level

Page 39: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

39

Strengthening of research trainingStrengthening of research training

Brain Korea 21 (BK21) Project Goals: 1) to develop a world class R&D Manpower; 2) to refo

rm university education and R&D Funding based on “performance contracts”: Invest $1.2billion

s for 7 years(1999-2005) Major outputs:

• SCI : 4,414 (1999) → 7,477(2003) • Patent : 103(1999) → 261(2003) • Prof. Whang Woo-suk (SNU) : stem cell resear

ch

Preparation of a 2nd stage BK21 (2006-2013) Building on the successful features of BK21 and scaling up “Selection and Concentration” on a few key areas Strengthen industry-university partnerships

Page 40: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

40

Universities for regional innovationUniversities for regional innovationNew University for Regional Innovation(NURI) Project Goal: Capacity building of regional universities to promote

innovation and HRD at regional level Target: Universities located outside the Seoul metropolitan area Performance based funding: Invest US $ 1.4 billions for 5 years

(US $ 0.24 billions in 2005)

• Lack of investment & innovation• Low productivity• Low RGDP, limited job opportunities

• Investment & high competitiveness• RGDP growth & Job creation• Balanced national development

Vicious Cycle Virtuous Cycle

NURI

Page 41: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

41

Creation of external pressureCreation of external pressure

Introduction of a new HE quality assurance system External review of institutional performance Overhaul the quality assurance system including the accreditation and

certification process Financial provisions aligned with institutional evaluations Create a buffer body between government and university

Disclosure of information Data on key inputs: PT ratio, unit expenditure, occupancy/ enrollment rate, etc. Outcome measures: persistence/graduation rate, employment rate, repu

tation of graduates, customer satisfaction, IPRs, etc.

Financial incentives for reform and restructuring Subsidies linked to M&A among institutions

Page 42: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

42

Improving HE policy coordinationImproving HE policy coordination

Increasing the role of National HRD Committee Public expenditure review of HE investment projects Coordination and prioritization of various HE projects Increasing policy linkage for synergy effects (e.g., R&D and

HRD)

Realignment of role division between line Ministries MOE&HRD focuses on HRD and basic research training Ministry of Science & Technology specializes in university

based R&D and applied research Other Ministries finances sector-specific investment projects

(e.g., IT, BT)

Page 43: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

43

Facilitation of university-industry partnershipsFacilitation of university-industry partnerships

“Connect Korea” Project Establishing Consortium between TLOs (Technology Licensing Of

fices) in Universities Connection between Demand (Industry) and Supply (University) R&D and Tech. Development → Transfer Results/Products → Co

mmercialization → Reinvest in Technology Development Dissemination of best practices

Researchers

Prospective R&D Results

Purchase R&D Products

Connect(TLO)

Connect(TLO)

Firms, Investors

Page 44: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

44

Linking LB information to HELinking LB information to HE

Improvement of LB information Periodic skill/manpower projections: by industry,

occupation and educational attainment Investment in data collection, analysis and forecasting

Provision of LB data to stakeholders HE institutions use information for adjustment of programs

and curricula Student/parents make “informed decision” on career paths

Page 45: Higher Education Reform  Ministry Of  Education

G.J.Kim Higher Education Seminar Moscow, July 5, 2005

45

[email protected]

Thank You !