Patricians no longer want to be in the Legions. The new generation began

to love luxury.

Patricians no longer want to be in the Legions. The new generation began

to love luxury.

Patricians had huge villas and estates called latifundia worked by thousands of slaves throughout the

empire

Patricians had huge villas and estates called latifundia worked by thousands of slaves throughout the

empire

Octavian Augustus:Rome’s First EmperorOctavian Augustus:

Rome’s First Emperor

Pax Romana 27BCE-:180CE Pax Romana 27BCE-:180CE

Augustus achievements

Civil War since Marius day, nobody really remembered the old republic

EmperorCalled Caesar Augustus held traditional Roman government

offices

1st Citizen1st Consul for lifeTribune for lifePontiff Maximums (Head Priest)Imperator, or commander in chief.

Augustus achievements

EmperorSuccessfully balanced

1. proletariat of Rome (free food, wonders, games)

2. Senate appointing governors

3. Controlled armies by appointing generals and moving them

around.

4. Tries to revive traditional roman virtues.

Augustus achievements

EmperorLegions outside Italy except Emperor's Praetorian Guard in

Rome.

Augustus achievements

The permanent forts throughout the empire became roman cities.

Augustus achievements

The permanent forts throughout the empire became roman cities.

Augustus achievements

The permanent forts throughout the empire became roman cities.

Augustus achievements

Rebuilt and improved Rome“I found Rome made of bricks and leave you in

marble”

• Baths of Agrippa

Augustus achievements

Reorganized the Empire, checked in Germany.

5 Julio Claudian Emperors

Direct relatives of Augustus

5 Julio Claudian Emperors

Direct relatives of Augustus

Tiberius 14-37 CE

• Good general temporarily Germany to the Empire.

• Became a recluse latter.

Caligula

• Crazy • killed many

senators• Made his horse

consul• • Killed by Praetorian

guard

Claudius 41-54 CE

• Good administrator• building projects throughout

empire• Conquest Britain, Judea• Poisoned by his wife• handicapped

Nero• Built theaters and culture

throughout empire• Murdered his mother and

many senators• Many believe he started the

great fire of Rome• Committed suicide•

Nero

69 the year of 4 emperors

Flavian Emperors 69-81 from Italy

• Vespasian: not a patrician

• built the Flavian amphitheater nicknamed

the Coliseum

Flavian Emperors 69-81 from Italy

• Vespasian: excellent General

• built the Flavian amphitheater nicknamed

the Coliseum

3 Flavian Emperors from Italy

• 80,000 could watch gladiatorial shows

Flavian Emperors from Italy

• Titus crushed a revolt in Jerusalem then destroyed the Second Temple of Solomon.

Domitian

• Ruled dictatorially

• Killed many senators.

• Assassinated by guards

5 Good Emperorsfrom all parts of empire

• Imperial powers not hereditary

• Emperor would train and choose best person in Empire as the next emperor

Nerva

Trajan• Expanded the

Empire to its furthest.

• Rarely went to Rome

• Huge building programs throughout the empire.

• Bigger social welfare

Emperor TrajanThe Greatest Extent of the Roman Empire

Emperor TrajanThe Greatest Extent of the Roman Empire

Emperor TrajanThe Greatest Extent of the Roman Empire

Emperor TrajanThe Greatest Extent of the Roman Empire

As Rome expanded East China expanded west bringing two great

classical cultures into touch

As Rome expanded East China expanded west bringing two great

classical cultures into touch

Hadrian 117-138

• The Empire becomes defensive.

• Rarely came to Rome

• Huge building projects everywhere

Hadrian and antonitus

Hadrian's wall

England

Hadrian

German tribes constantly attack in the west.

Persians in the East.

Hadrian and antonitus

Hadrian and antonitus

Pantheon exterior

Hadrian and antonitus

Pantheon exterior

Hadrian and antonitus

Pantheon interior

Hadrian and antonitus

Hadrian's TombVatican City

Used as a fortressBy the Popes During Middle Ages

Antonius Pius• Stops taxes for Roman

citizens. • History about how

things became so perfect.

• Politics about how things should stay the same.

• Virgil Roman Epic The Aenid

• Livy History of Rome

• Horace Poet Odes

Marcus Aurelius• The stoic

philosopher wrote Meditations.

• Did not adopt an heir, his son Commodus succeeded him

Commodus

• A brutal monster• ends Pax Romana

• Thought he was Hercules

• Strangled by Guards

September Servetus 193-211

• First of the Barracks emperors

• Legions decided emperor

• Emperors rarely visit Rome

• Senate reduced to a city government

END Pax Romana

• HW 162 • 1-6