Infancy Cognitive Development (Jean Piaget)

Infancy: Cognitive Development

September 29, 2014

Cognitive development: Jean Piaget

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT: Focuses on the development of children’s ways of perceiving and mentally representing the world.

Schemes – children’s concepts of the world (mental structure)

Assimilation: Incorporation of new events or knowledge into existing schemes.

Accommodation: modification of existing schemes in order to incorporate new events or knowledge.

FOUR STAGES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

THE SENSORY STAGE First 2 years of cognitive development Trial and error method

1. Simple reflexes (0-1 month) This is dominated by the assimilation of

sources of stimulation into inborn reflexes such as grasping, visual tracking, crying, sucking, and crudely turning the head toward a sound.

2. Primary circular reactions (1-4 months of age) This is characterized by the beginnings of

the ability to coordinate various sensorimotor schemes.

The infant tends to repeat stimulating actions that first occurred by chance.

In terms of assimilation, the child is attempting to assimilate the motor scheme (moving the hand) into the sensory scheme (looking at it).

Primary circular reactions (1-4 months of age) Goal-directed behavior . The child “looks

in order to see”.

3. Secondary circular reactions (4-8 months of age) Patterns of activity are repeated because of

their effect to the environment. Ex. the child shakes a rattle to hear a sound.

4. Coordination of secondary schemes (8-12 months) Infants begin to show intentional goal-directed

behavior. Ex. They may lift a piece of cloth in order to reach a toy.

Scheme of picking up a cloth (means) is coordinated with the scheme of reaching for the toy (the goal/end).

5. Tertiary circular reactions (12-18 months of age) Has the characteristics of a budding

scientist. Purposeful adaptations of established

schemes to specific situations.

6. Invention of new means through mental combinations (18-24 months of age) This serves as the transitory period

between the sensorimotor development and the development of symbolic thought.

DEVELOPMENT OF OBJECT PERMANENCE

INFORMATION PROCESSING – The imitation of people and events that were encountered or experienced hours, days, or weeks in the past.

MILESTONES IN LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCYApproximate Age Birth - Cries

Approximate Age 12 weeks - Cries less Smiles when talked to and nodded at. Engages in squealing and gurgling sound Sustains cooing for 15-20 seconds.

MILESTONES IN LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY

Approximate Age 16 weeks - Responds to human sounds more definitely. Turns head, searching for the speaker. chuckles occasionally.


Approximate Age 20 weeks - Cooing becomes interspersed with

consonant like sounds. Vocalization differs from the sounds of

mature language.


Approximate Age 6 months - Cooing changes to single-syllable babbling. Common utterances sound somewhat like

ma, mu, da, or di.


Approximate Age 8 months - Patterns of intonation become distinct Utterances can signal emphasis and

emotion.


Approximate Age 10 months - Makes effort to imitate sounds made by

other people.


Approximate Age 12 months - Words emerge Many words are understood


Approximate Age 18 months - Repertoire of 3-50 words Explosive vocabulary growth Understands nearly everything spoken.


Approximate Age 24 months - Naming everything in the environment Spontaneous creation of two-word

sentences. Clear efforts to communicate

THANK YOU!!!

Education

Infancy Cognitive Development (Jean Piaget)