1. Informal letters Eddi Franco Esparza 10 A 2. Periods The ending of a sentence. The end of an abbreviation. As a decimal point. For example : We are going to the mall today 3. Comma rules 1.- Use commas to separate tems in a list of 3 or more 2.- Use a comma to separate clauses independents when they are joined by the following conjuctions: and , or , for , nor , so , but , yet. 3.- Use a comma to separate a dependent clause from an independent clause. 4.- Use a comma(s) to separate any Word or phrase that is not essential to the sentence meaning this phrase provides extra information about the subject. 5.- Use a comma to separate a quotation from the rest of a sentence. 6.- Use a comma to separate an introductory element from the rest of a sentence. 7.- Use a comma to separate the name of a city, country or state. 8.- Use a comma to separate the day , week, month, and the year. For example: I need to buy eggs, ,milk, lettuce and bread. 4. Exclamation points To show strong emotion For example : Good morning everyone! 5. Questions marks Are used to end a question. For example : Where are you from? 6. The colon Before a list that is introduced by a complete sentence. To introduce the effect or logical consequence of an action. Before a quotation. After the salutation in a business letter or memo. To separate chapter and verse in a scripture. To separate hours from minutes. To show ratios. 7. Semicolons To combine two closely related complete sentences which are not joined by a conjunction. To separate complete sentences that are joined by a conjunctive adverb. To separate items in a list when commas alone would be confusing. For example: The man was wet; he was standing in the raing without an umbrella