Presented By: Rohin Sharma

(PhD Scholar)

Project Instructor: Dr. Adarsh Kumar

(Associate Professor)

INTRAVENOUS CATHETERIZATION AND TAPING PROCEDURE

Department of Veterinary Surgery and RadiologyD.G.C.N COVAS , CSKHPKV, PALAMPUR (H.P)

Intravenous cannulation is a technique in which a cannula is

placed inside a vein to provide venous access

Introduction :

Venous valves

encourage

unidirectional flow of

blood and prevent

pooling of blood in the

dependent portions of

the extremities; they

also can impede the

passage of a catheter

through and into a

vein

Venous valves

are more

numerous just

distal to the

points were

tributaries join

larger veins and

in the lower

extremities

INDICATIONS:Repeated blood sampling

Intravenous fluid administration

Intravenous medication administration

Intravenous chemotherapy administration

Intravenous nutritional support

Intravenous blood or blood products administration

Intravenous administration of radiological contrast agents

(eg, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging,

nuclear imaging)

CATHETER SELECTION

COLOR SIZE (guage) mm Max. flow / min (length)

Orange 14 2.0 265 ml/min (1=44mm)

Grey 16 1.7 170 ml/min (1=42mm)

Green 18 1.2 90 ml/min (1=40mm)

Pink 20 1.0 55 ml/min (1=32mm)

Blue 22 0.8 25 ml/min (1=25mm)

Yellow 24 0.6 20 ml/min (1=20mm)

Silicon and polyurethane are minimally reactive, making these materials ideal for use in long-term catheters

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:

I.V Canula (according to b.wt)

I.V Canula Fixator / Alcohol Wipe / Sterile Gauge Pieces

Thin strips of Adhesive tape (for securing further)

Tourniquet / Shaving Blades / Shaving Razor / Savlon

10-12 ml syringe filled saline / heparinized saline

STEP WISE PROCEDURE

CATHETERIZATION TECHNIQUE

Step-I

The catheter placement site should be widely shaved and the skin scrubbed with antiseptic solutions

STEP-II

Apply a tourniquet / thumb dorsal to the most proximal aspect of the limb to restrict blood flow returning from

the distal limb --- > vein engorge

STEP-III

cleanse skin / disinfect the skin area with

alcohol wipe

STEP-IV

Place cannula needle in line with direction of

the vein at an angle of 30-40 degree, and a

few mm below proposed entry site, with bevel

pointing upwards

STEP-V

Advance the catheter into the place where you visualized or palpated

the vein

Once you receive blood back into the hub of the catheter, slowly feed the catheter off the

stylet and into the vein

STEP-VI

Withdraw the needle stylet (holding the cannula steady) about 5mm to avoid

piercing the posterior vein wall, there should be a further flashback of blood along the shaft of the cannula and now

advance the cannula into the vein

STEP-VII

Catheter in place. Attach the fluid line immediately after removing the stylet and driven the i.v cannula fixator underneath

the fluid line over the catheter hub

STEP—VIII

Proper fixing of the cannula fixator with the help of adhesive tape in a double row i.e just cranial and caudal to injectionport

cap

STEP-IX

After proper taping, the fluid administration set is looped and taped to the

leg

This reduces the chance of accidental removal of the

catheter if the administration set is pulled

STEP-X

After completion, flush the cannula with heparinised saline to ensure cannula patency and after this, attach the “luer lock plug” to prevent the blood

outflow

STEP-XI

Cover the insertion site and

immobilisethe

cannula by applying a sterile non-

occlusive dressing

Secure…….. Secure

Scalp vein set

•The dog's head to to your

right

•The quadriceps muscle is

located anterior to the

femur

•The left thumb is on the

femur

•The needle is inserted at a

right angle to the muscle

belly

SECURING THE CANNULA

It is important to secure the cannula to prevent

mechanical phlebitis. This can be done with

clean tape or a special adhesive dressing

Care should be taken to avoid the insertion site. If

the device is located over a joint, the joint should be

immobilised and splinted to prevent movement and

dislodgement of the cannula

CARE OF THE CANNULA

Once sited the cannula should be flushed with

either normal saline or heparinised saline. The

site should be regularly inspected for signs of

phlebitis

Peripheral cannula should be re-sited every 48-

72 hours to reduce the risk of phlebitis, but this

may be difficult in patients with difficult veins

Cannula should not remain in situ for any

longer than necessary to reduce the risks of

infection. Consideration should be given to

resiting them after 48-72 hours

When removing the cannula, pressure should

be applied to the site for at least a minute and

the site should be occluded with a sterile

dressing

CANNULA REMOVAL