Lessons learned about disaster resilience

AT PRESENT, OUR WORLD IS NOT DISASTER RESILIENT

• FLOODS• SEVERE

WINDSTORMS• EARTHQUAKES• TSUNAMIS• DROUGHTS• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS• LANDSLIDES• WILDFIRES

MAKING (OR NOT MAKING) OUR WORLD DISASTER RESILIENT

IS OUR LEGACYHistory Will Decide Which Legacy

We Actually Leave

DISASTER RESILIENCE HAS A VERY HIGH BENEFIT/COST

DISASTER RESILIENCE HAS A VERY HIGH BENEFIT/COST

1 < BENEFIT/COST < 1000

THE PAYOFF IS GREATER SAFETY, SECURITY, AND QUALITY OF LIFE FOR EVRYONE

1 < BENEFIT/COST < 1000

THE PAYOFF IS GREATER SAFETY, SECURITY, AND QUALITY OF LIFE FOR EVRYONE

AT PRESENT, OUR WORLD IS NOT DISASTER RESILIENT

• FLOODS• SEVERE

WINDSTORMS• EARTHQUAKES• TSUNAMIS• DROUGHTS• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS• LANDSLIDES• WILDFIRES

JULY 13, 2013MILLIONS OF

COMMUNITIES ARE NOT RESILIENT TO FLOOD

DISASTERS

BUILDING IN FLOOD PLAIN

FLOODSFLOODS

INUNDATION AND SCOUR

INTERACTION WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

EFFECTS OF WATER ON STRUCTURE & CONTENTS

INCREASED POTENTIAL FOR HEALTH PROBLEMS, INJURIES, AND

DEATH

LOSS OF FUNCTION OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

VULNERABILITY OF NON-STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

CAUSES OF RISK

CAUSES OF RISK

CASE HISTORIESCASE HISTORIES

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL FLOODS PREPAREDNES FOR THE EXPECTED AND UNEXPEDTED IS ESSENTIAL FOR BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT


ALL FLOODS

EARLY WARN-ING (THE ISS) AND EVACU-ATION ARE ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE


ALL FLOODS TIMELY EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE


ALL FLOODS

RECOVERY AND RECON-STRUCTION USUALLY TAKES LONGER THAN THOUGHT.

JULY 13, 2013MILLIONS OF COMMUNITIES

ARE NOT RESILIENT TO HURRICANE OR TYPHOON

DISASTERS

WIND AND WATER PENETRATE BUILDING ENVELOPE

SEVERE

WINDSTORMS

SEVERE

WINDSTORMS

UPLIFT OF ROOF SYSTEM

FLYING DEBRIS PENETRATES WINDOWS

STORM SURGE AND HEAVY PRECIPITATION

IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN

POOR WORKMANSHIP

IGNORING NON-STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

CAUSES OF RISK

CAUSES OF RISK



ALL WIND-STORMS PREPAREDNES FOR THE EXPECTED AND UNEXPECTED IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE


• ALL WINDSTORMS

• WITHOUT ADEQUATE PROTECTION, HIGH VELOCITY WIND WILL LIFT THE ROOF OFF OF NON-ENGINEERED BUILDINGS.


• ALL WINDSTORMS.

• DISASTER-INTELLIGENT COMMUNITIES USE TIMELY EARLY WARNING TO EVACUATE PEOPLE AND TO PREPARE.

LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL WINDSTORMS

• CAPACITY FOR INTELLIGENT EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL WINDSTORMS

• CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.


ARE NOT RESILIENT TO EARTHQUAKE DISASTERS

INADEQUATE RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL GROUND SHAKING

EARTHQUAKESEARTHQUAKES

SOIL AMPLIFICATION

PERMANENT DISPLACEMENT (SOIL FAILURE AND SURFACE FAULTING )

IRREGULARITIES IN MASS, STRENGTH, AND STIFFNESS

FLOODING FROM TSUNAMI WAVE RUNUP AND SEICHE

POOR DETAILING OF STRUCTURALSYSTEM

IGNORING NON-STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

CAUSES OF RISK

CAUSES OF RISK



ALL EARTHQUAKES

PREPAREDNESS FOR ALL OF THE LIKELY AND UNLIKELY HAZARDS AND RISKS IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE


ALL EARTH-QUAKES BUILDING CODES AND LIFELINE STANDARDS ARE ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE


ALL EARTHQUAKES

TIMELY EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE


ALL EARTHQUAKES

IF APRIORI PLANS FOR RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION ARE ABSENT, THE PROCESS WILL BE LONG, COMPLEX, AND HIGHLY POLITICAL

JULY 13, 2013

MILLIONS OF COMMUNITIES ARE NOT RESILIENT TO TSUNAMI DISASTERS

HIGH VELOCITY IMPACT OF INCOMING WAVES

TSUNAMIS TSUNAMIS

INLAND DISTANCE OF WAVE RUNUP

VERTICAL HEIGHT OF WAVE RUNUP

INADEQUATE RESISTANCE OF BUILDINGS

FLOODING

NO WARNING, OR INADEQUATE WARNING

PROXIMITY TO SOURCE OF TSUNAMI

CAUSES OF RISK

CAUSES OF RISK



• ALL TSUNAMIS.

• DISASTER-INTELLIGENT COMMUNITIES USE TIMELY EARLY WARNING FROM A TSUNAMI WARNING SYSTEM TO EVACUATE PEOPLE FROM HARM’S WAY.

LESSON: RECOVERY AND RECON-STRUCTION IS LONG AND COMPLEX


ARE NOT RESILIENT TO DROUGHT DISASTERS

PROLONGED LACK OF PRECIPITATION

DROUGHTS DROUGHTS

LOSS OF SOIL MOSTURE

LOSS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY

DEPLETION/POLLUTION OF GROUND WATER

LOSS OF VEGETATION

INSECT INFESTATION

PROGRESSIVE LOSS OF LAND BY DESERTIFICATION

CAUSES OF RISK

CAUSES OF RISK


JULY 13, 2013MILLIONS OF COMMUNITIES ARE

NOT RESILIENT TO VOLCANIC ERUPTION DISASTERS

PROXIMITY TO LATERAL BLAST

VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS

VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS

IN PATH OF PYROCLASTIC FLOWS

IN PATH OF FLYING DEBRIS (TEPHRA)

IN PATH OF VOLCANIC ASH (AVIATION)

IN PATH OF LAVA FLOWS

IN PATH OF LAHARS

IGNORING WARNING TO EVACUATE

CAUSES OF RISK

CAUSES OF RISK


THE KEYS TO RESILIENCE: 1) KNOW THE ERUPTIVE HISTORY OF

YOUR REGION’S VOLCANOES,2) BE PREPARED

3) HAVE A WARNING SYSTEM 4) EVACUATE

5) LEARN FROM THE EXPERIENCE AND START OVER

TECHNOLOGIES FOR MONITORING, FORECASTING, AND WARNING ARE VITAL FOR

BECOMING RESILIENT

JULY 2013MILLIONS OF COMMUNITIES

ARE NOT RESILIENT TO LANDSLIDE DISASTERS

BUILDING ON UNSTABLE SLOPES

LANDSLIDESLANDSLIDES

SOIL AND ROCK SUCEPTIBLE TO FALLS

SOIL AND ROCK SUCEPTIBLE TO TOPPLES

SOIL AND ROCK SUCEPTIBLE TO SPREADS

SOIL AND ROCK SUSCEPTIBLE TO FLOWS

EXCESSIVE PRECIPITATION OR GROUND SHAKING

BARE, OVERSTEEPENED SLOPES

CAUSES OF RISK

CAUSES OF RISK



ALL LANDSLIDES

PREPAREDNES FOR THE EXPECTED AND UNEXPEDTED IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE


ALL LANDSLIDES TIMELY EMERGENCY RESPONSE (SEARCH AND RESCUE) IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE


ARE NOT RESILIENT TO WILDFIRE DISASTERS

LIGHTNING STRIKES

WILDFIRESWILDFIRES

MANMADE FIRES

PROXIMITY OF URBAN-WILDLANDS INTERFACE

WIND DIRECTION AND SPEED

DEFORESTATION

DENUDED SLOPES

HOT, DRY WEATHER

CAUSES OF RISK

CAUSES OF RISK



ALL WILDFIRES PREPAREDNES FOR THE EXPECTED AND UNEXPEDTED IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE


ALL WILDFIRES

EARLY WARN-ING (THE ISS) AND EVACU-ATION ARE ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE


ALL WILDFIRES TIMELY EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE


ALL WILDFIRES

RECOVERY AND RECON-STRUCTION USUALLY MEANS HAVING THE CAPACITY TO START OVER.

GLOBALGLOBAL

COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIES

GLOBALGLOBAL

COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIESDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATIONDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION

HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

•NATURAL HAZARDS•PEOPLE & BLDGS. •VULNERABILITY•LOCATION

DISASTER ASSESS. DISASTER ASSESS.

RISK

ACCEPTABLE RISK

UNACCEPTABLE RISK

THE CA: DISASTER THE CA: DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCE

• PREPAREDNESS•PROTECTION•EARLY WARNING•EMERGENCY RESPONSE•RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION

POLICY OPTIONSPOLICY OPTIONS

EDUCATION FOR GLOBAL DISASTER RESILIENCE EDUCATION FOR GLOBAL DISASTER RESILIENCE EDUCATION FOR GLOBAL DISASTER RESILIENCE EDUCATION FOR GLOBAL DISASTER RESILIENCE

THE KNOWLEDGE BASE

Best Practices

Increased Knowledge, and Understanding

Hazard Characterization

Vulnerability Assessment

Event-Action Associations

Collect, Store and Process Data

Interface with Other Information Sources

Cause & Effect Relationships

CAPACITY BUILDING

Towards Disaster Resilience

Public/Private Sector Partnerships

Use of the Knowledge Base

Towards “Intelligent Cities”

Warning Systems

CONTINUING EDUCATION

Up Close and Personal Learning

Update Knowledge Bases After Each Disaster

Disaster Scenarios For Training

Distance Learning

Educational Surges for Disaster Resilience

GOAL: GOAL: An Infrastructure For An Infrastructure For Delivering Knowledge and Information to Communities Delivering Knowledge and Information to Communities in Real and Near-Real Timein Real and Near-Real Time

GOAL: GOAL: An Infrastructure For An Infrastructure For Delivering Knowledge and Information to Communities Delivering Knowledge and Information to Communities in Real and Near-Real Timein Real and Near-Real Time

NORTH AMERICA’S DISASTER CAUSING EVENTS


• FLOODS

• HURRICANES

• EARTHQUAKES

• TORNADOES

• ICE STORMS

• VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

• LANDSLIDES

• FLOODS

• HURRICANES

• EARTHQUAKES

• TORNADOES

• ICE STORMS


• LANDSLIDES



• WILDFIRES

• TSUNAMIS

• ENVIRONNMENTALMPACTS

• TERRORISM

• WILDFIRES

• TSUNAMIS

• ENVIRONNMENTALMPACTS

• TERRORISM

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES COMMUNITIES


NORTH AMERICA’S PRIORITIES

USE LAND-USE PLAN TO AVOID HAZARDOUS AREAS

Integrate Preparedness, Protection, Early Warning, EM Integrate Preparedness, Protection, Early Warning, EM Response. and Recovery. & Recon. StrategiesResponse. and Recovery. & Recon. Strategies


MATCH BUILDING AND INFRASTRUCTURE DESIGN WITH HAZARD DEMAND

IMPROVE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, EM. RESPONSE, AND RECOVERY

IMPROVE CAPABILITY TO CONDUCT PRE-DISASTER STUDIES FOR FUTURE USE

IMPROVE PUBLIC AWARENESS

IMPROVE HAZARD CHARACTERIZATION MODELS AND SCENARIO MAPS

REDUCE URBAN VULNERABILITIES

REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES COMMUNITIES


NORTH AMERICA’S PRIORITIES (CONTINUED)

IMPROVE PREVENTION, MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS POLICIES

Integrate Preparedness, Protection, Early Warning, EM Response, Integrate Preparedness, Protection, Early Warning, EM Response, and Recovery. & Recon. Strategiesand Recovery. & Recon. Strategies


IMPROVE THE NEXT GENERATION OF BUILDING CODES AND STANDARDS

IMPROVE UNDERSTANDING OF DAMAGE FROM EACH POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENT

IMPROVE WAYS TO SHARE “BEST PRACTICES”

IMPROVE ALL HAZARDS WARNING SYSTEMS

IMPROVE WAYS TO SHARE EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

ENHANCE EDUCATION AND TRAINING PROGRAMMES

CLOSE “IMPLEMENTATION GAPS “

ASIA’S DISASTER CAUSING EVENTS

ASIA’S DISASTER CAUSING EVENTS

• FLOODS• EARTHQUAKES• TSUNAMIS• TYPHOONS/CYCLONES• VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS• LANDSLIDES• DROUGHTS• ENVIRONMENTAL

IMPACTS

• FLOODS• EARTHQUAKES• TSUNAMIS• TYPHOONS/CYCLONES• VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS• LANDSLIDES• DROUGHTS• ENVIRONMENTAL

IMPACTS



ASIA’S PRIORITIES

USE LAND-USE PLAN TO AVOID HAZARDOUS AREAS



MATCH BUILDING AND INFRASTRUCTURE DESIGN WITH HAZARD DEMAND

IMPROVE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, EM. RESPONSE, AND RECOVERY

IMPROVE POST-DISASTER STUDIES FOR THE LESSONS

IMPROVE PUBLIC AWARENESS

IMPROVE DISASTER PLANNING SCENARIOS

REDUCE URBAN VULNERABILITIES

REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS



ASIA’S PRIORITIES (CONTINUED)

IMPROVE PREVENTION, MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS MODELS



IMPLEMENT AND ENFORCE MODERN BUILDING CODES MENT AND ENFO

IMPLEMENT MODERN STANDARDS FOR INFRASTRUCTURE

ENVIRONMENTS

IMPROVE WAYS TO SHARE “BEST PRACTICES”

IMPROVE TSUNQMI WARNING SYSTEMS

IMPROVE WAYS TO SHARE EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

ENHANCE EDUCATION AND TRAINING PROGRAMMES

CLOSE “KNOWLEDGE” AND “IMPLEMENTATION GAPS “

E

PACIFIC RIM’S HAZARDSPACIFIC RIM’S HAZARDS

• SEVERE WINDSTORMS

• FLOODS• EARTHQUAKES• TSUNAMIS• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS• LANDSLIDES


• FLOODS• EARTHQUAKES• TSUNAMIS• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS• LANDSLIDES



PACIFIC RIM’S PRIORITIES

FOCUS CULTURAL DIVERSITY OF REGION ON A COMMON AGENDA

Integrated Preparedness, Protection, Early Warning, EM Integrated Preparedness, Protection, Early Warning, EM

Response. and Recovery & Recon. StrategiesResponse. and Recovery & Recon. Strategies

yy



yy

BUILD TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL CAPACITY FOR INT’L ASSISTANCET

IMPROVE ALL-HAZRDS COMMUNICATION

IMPROVE ALL HAZARDS PARTNERSHIPS

FOCUS ON HIGH BENEFIT/COST IMPLE-MENTATION STRATEGIES

INCREASE FINANCIAL CAPACITY FOR INSURANCE

DECREASE BUILDING AND LIFELINE VULNERABILITUES

IMPROVE PUBLIC AWARENESS, EDUCATION AND TRAINING

LATIN AMERICA/CARIBBEAN’S HAZARDS

LATIN AMERICA/CARIBBEAN’S HAZARDS

• HURRICANES• EARTHQUAKES• FLOODS• DROUGHTS• LANDSLIDES• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS• ENVIRONMENTAL

IMPACTS• TSUNAMIS

• HURRICANES• EARTHQUAKES• FLOODS• DROUGHTS• LANDSLIDES• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS• ENVIRONMENTAL

IMPACTS• TSUNAMIS



LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN PRIORITIES

INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS OF RISKS





IMPROVE POLICIES FOR REDUCING RISKS TO BLDGS. AND INFRASTRUCTURE

REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON LOCAL SCALE

CREATE PARTNERSHIPS FOR INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE

CREATE MUTUAL ASSISTANCE PACTS

REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON REGIONAL SCALE

CONTINUE CAPACITY BUILDING IN ALL SECTORS

IMPROVE ALL HAZARDS COMMUNICATION

EUROPE’S HAZARDS EUROPE’S HAZARDS

• FLOODS

• WILDFIRES


• EARTHQUAKES


• FLOODS

• WILDFIRES


• EARTHQUAKES




EUROPE’S PRIORITIES

IMPROVE CAPACITY FOR ALL HAZARDS EARLY WARNING





CREATE MUTUAL ASSISTANCE PACTS

REDUCE BUILDING AND LIFELINE VULNERABILITIES

INCREASE PROTECTION OF PEOPLE, LIVELIHOODS, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE

CONTINUE TO CLOSE “KNOWLEDGE GAPS?

CONTINUE TO CLOSE “IMPLEMENTATION GAPS”

IMPROVE CAPACITY FOR ALL HAZARDS EVACUATION

IMPROVE PUBLIC AWARENESS, EDUCATION, AND TRAINING

MEDITERRANEAN REGION’S HAZARDS

MEDITERRANEAN REGION’S HAZARDS

• EARTHQUAKES• FLOODS• DROUGHTS• LANDSLIDES• TSUNAMIS• DUST STORMS• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS (Rare)

• EARTHQUAKES• FLOODS• DROUGHTS• LANDSLIDES• TSUNAMIS• DUST STORMS• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS (Rare)



MEDITERRANEAN REGION’S PRIORITIES

INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS





IMPROVE EDUCATION AND TRAINING

REDUCE VULNERABILITIES TO BUILDINGS & LIFELINES

INCREASE PROTECTION OF PEOPLE, LIVELIHOOD, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE

IMPROVE ALL HAZARDS MONITORING

IMPROVE POLICIES AND BEST PRACTICES FOR RESILIENCE

FORGE DISASTER ASSISTANCE PACTS

IMPROVE REGIONAL COMMINICATION

SUB-SAHARA AFRICA’S PROBLEMS AND HAZARDS

SUB-SAHARA AFRICA’S PROBLEMS AND HAZARDS

• POLITICAL INSTABILITY

• FLOODS• DROUGHTS• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS (rare)• HEALTH IMPACTS• ENVIRONMENTAL

IMPACTS

• POLITICAL INSTABILITY

• FLOODS• DROUGHTS• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS (rare)• HEALTH IMPACTS• ENVIRONMENTAL

IMPACTS



SUB-SAHARA AFRICA’S PRIORITIES

INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS





REDUCE SOCIETAL VULNER-ABILITIES TO FLOODS AND DROUGHTS

ACCELERATE EDUCATION (WITH FOCUS ON RISK REDUCTION TECHNIQUES)

INCREASE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING

IMPROVE PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAMMES

IMPROVE CAPACITY FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

ESTABLISH REGIONAL PARTNERSHIPS FOR SUSTAINABILE DEVELOPMENT

ESTABLISH MUTUAL ASSISTANCE PACTS