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Reading between the lines: Comparisons between teacher expecta7ons for young gi;ed and talented readers, and selfpercep7ons. Lynda Garre+, Chris1ne RubieDavies, Annaline Flint, Penny Watson & Lyn McDonald, The University of Auckland, New Zealand [email protected] WCGTC 20th Biennial World Conference 2013

Lynda garrett

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2013 WCGTC Presentation: Reading Between the Lines

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Page 1: Lynda garrett

Reading  between  the  lines:  Comparisons  between  teacher  expecta7ons  for  young  gi;ed  and  talented  readers,  and  self-­‐percep7ons.  

Lynda  Garre+,  Chris1ne  Rubie-­‐Davies,  Annaline  Flint,  Penny  Watson  &  Lyn  McDonald,  The  University  of  Auckland,  

New  Zealand  [email protected]  

WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  2013  

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Teacher  expecta1ons  

                     Student  learning  opportuni1es                                                                    are  at  the                          of  the  teacher  expecta1on  issue  

WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  2013  

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Appropriate  teacher  expecta1ons  and  learning  opportuni1es  for  giTed  and  

talented  students  A  recognised  need  for…    -­‐  teacher  accuracy  in  assessment  within  a  par1cular            talent  area  (Hodge  &  Kemp,  2006)    -­‐  teacher  training  in  recognising    specific  giTed            behaviours  (Siegle,  Moore,  Mann  &  Wilson  ,  2010)      …and  the  associated  danger  of  ‘teacher  –developed’  concep1ons  of  giTedness  (Speirs  Neumeister,  Adams,  Pierce,  Cassady  &  Dixon,  2007).    -­‐    

WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  2013  

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Research  ques1ons  

•  Are  teachers’  expecta1ons  more  accurate  for  giTed  or  non-­‐giTed  students  in  reading?  

 •  What  personal  beliefs  (self-­‐concept,  mo1va1on)  predict  the  likelihood  that  students  are  giTed  or  non-­‐giTed  in  reading?  

WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  2013  

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Methodology-­‐  Par7cipants            1688  students  /89  teachers/  12  schools  •  GiTed  readers-­‐  275      Non-­‐giTed  readers  -­‐  1413  •  Total  students:  Gender  821  boys  (48.6%)  867  girls  (51.4%)  •  GiTed  readers:  Gender  113  boys  (41.1%)162  girls  (58.9%)  

•  Socioeconomic  level          GiTed  -­‐93.5%  (mid-­‐high)  Non-­‐giTed  –  76.7%  (low-­‐mid)  

WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  2013  

 ETHNICITY  :  TOTAL  SAMPLE  713    (42.2%)  NZ  European  

ETHNICITY:    GIFTED  SAMPLE  151  (54.9%)  NZ  European  

312  (18.5%)  Maori    

   64  (23.3%)  Asian    

258  (  15.3%)  Pasifika   22  (8.0%)  Maori    

259  (15.3%)  Asian    

16  (  5.8%)  Pasifika    

146  (  8.7%)  ‘Other’     22  (  8.0%)  ‘Other’      

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Methodology-­‐  Measures  

 •  Teacher  expecta1on  survey    •  Student  achievement  in  reading            h+p://e-­‐as+le.tki.org.nz/    •  Student  ques1onnaire            (SDQ-­‐1;  Marsh,1990)      

WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  2013  

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SELF  CONCEPT  

reading  self-­‐concept   “Work  in  reading  is  easy  for  me.”  “I  learn  things  quickly  in  reading.”  

peer  rela1ons  self-­‐concept  

“  I  get  along  with  kids  easily.”  “Most  other  kids  like  me.”  

academic  self-­‐concept   “I  am  good  at  all  school  subjects.”  “Work  in  all  school  subjects  is  easy  for  me.”  

personal  self-­‐concept   “I  am  easy  to  like.”  “A  lot  of  things  about  me  are  good.”  

MOTIVATION  

performance  goal    orienta1on  

“I  really  want  to  show  others  that  I  am  good  at  reading.”  

perceived  competence   “Compared  to  other  subjects,  I  am  beBer  at  reading.”  

self-­‐efficacy   “I  am  sure  that  I  can  learn  everything  the  teacher  teaches  in  reading  this  year.”  

mastery  goal  orienta1on  

“It’s  important  to  me  that  I  learn  a  lot  of  new  skills  in  reading  this  year.”  

intrinsic  value   “I  find  working  on  reading  acFviFes  interesFng.”  

u1lity  value   “I  will  use  reading  in  many  ways  when  I  grow  up.”  

a+ribu1on   “Being  brainy  is  more  important  than  trying  hard  for  doing  well  in  school.”  *  WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  

2013  

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Methodology-­‐  Procedures  

Teachers   Students  

WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  2013  

Happened  at  around  the  same  1me  

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Results  1.  Rela1onships  between  teacher  expecta1ons  and  student  

achievement  for  giTed  and  non-­‐giTed  students    Teachers  were  less    accurate  in  their  expectaFons  of  giKed  students  than    non-­‐giKed  students  .(  Non-­‐gi'ed:  n  =  1398,  r  =  .35,  p  <  .001    GiTed  students:    n  =  273,  r  =  .26,  p  <  .001.      30.5%                          (n  =  84)                  very  much  above  average  levels    38.2%                          (n  =  105)              moderately  above  average  levels,    19.3%                          (n  =  53)                  just  above  average,    9.8%                              (n  =  27)                  average,    1%                                      (n  =  3)                      just  below  average,    .3%                                    (n  =  1)                      moderately  below  average      .7%                                  (n  =  2)                      very  much  below  average.    Students  classified  as  giKed  were  almost  1.5  Fmes  as  likely  to  have  high  teacher  expectaFons  for  their  achievement.      

WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  2013  

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Implica1ons  A  case  of  ‘short-­‐sightedness?  

Teacher  pre-­‐occupa1on  with  the  needs  of  non-­‐giTed  readers?    Could  the  ‘deficit’  orienta1on  have  been  more  generalised?  

WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  2013  

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Were  they  fully  aware…?  

Above average ability General

e.g., word comprehension

word fluency

verbal reasoning

Specific

e.g. making up / illustrating stories

finding connections

Task commitment Long attention span Voracious reading -fun / preferred activity Spontaneous reading of materials to prove/disprove points. Selects high-level reading materials

Creativity Originality in thinking re author’s choice of plot, setting, character etc Very different and more advanced interpretations of readings than their classmates. See novel connections between similar themed texts.

Vosslamber, (2002), p. 5

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Results  2.  Rela7onships  between  personal  beliefs    

for  gi;ed  and  non-­‐gi;ed  students    SELF-­‐CONCEPT  FACTORS   MOTIVATION  FACTORS  

Peer  self-­‐concept   Perceived  competence  

Reading  self-­‐concept   Self-­‐efficacy  

Academic  self-­‐concept   Mastery  goal  orienta1on  

Personal  self-­‐concept   Performance  goal  orienta1on  

Intrinsic  value  

U1lity  value  

a+ribu1on  WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  

2013  

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 Results  

2.  Rela7onships  between  personal  beliefs    for  gi;ed  and  non-­‐gi;ed  students  

a.  Self-­‐concept  

 The  strongest  predictor  for  giTed  students  was  reading  self-­‐concept  (odds  ra1o  of  1.75)      GiTed  students  more  likely  to  report  strong  academic  self-­‐concept  (odds  ra1o  of  1.39  ).        

The  higher  student  peer  self-­‐concept  was  the  less  this  predicted  being  giTed  (odds  ra1o  of  .73).        

Reading  and  academic  self-­‐concept  were  more  predic1ve  of  being  giTed  than  reading  achievement.    

WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  2013  

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 Results  

2.  Rela7onships  between  personal  beliefs    for  gi;ed  and  non-­‐gi;ed  students  

b.  Mo7va7on      •  Perceived  competence  was  a  stronger  predictor  of  being  giTed  than  

reading  achievement  (odds  ra1o  of  1.61).      •  Perceived  competence  in  reading  was  more  predic1ve  of  being  giTed  than  

reading  achievement.    

 

Strong  beliefs  in  the  student’s  own  capabili1es  were  more  indica1ve  of  students  being  giTed  than  their  actual  achievement.  

WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  2013  

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Implica1ons  Could  high  levels  of  self-­‐confidence  enhance  learning  

opportuni1es  for  young  giTed  readers?    

•  GiTed  students  may  be  more  resilient  and  less  vulnerable  to  teachers’  expecta1ons  than  non-­‐giTed  students.    

 •  Young  giTed  readers  who  present  with  a  willingness  to  learn    

may  encourage  teachers  to  enhance  their  learning  opportuni1es  (Hunsaker,  Neilsen  &  Bartle+,  2010).    

                     Appropriate  learning  opportuni7es  and  high  teacher  expecta7ons                                                                          enhanced  and  sustained    mo7va7on  and  self-­‐concept  

  WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  2013  

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Reading  between  the  lines:  Comparisons  between  teacher  expecta7ons  for  young  gi;ed  and  talented  readers,  and  self-­‐percep7ons.  

Lynda  Garre+,  Chris1ne  Rubie-­‐Davies,  Annaline  Flint,  Penny  Watson  &  Lyn  McDonald,  The  University  of  Auckland,  

New  Zealand  [email protected]  

WCGTC  20th  Biennial  World  Conference  2013