Modern Art• Includes artistic works produced during the period

extending roughly from the 1860’s to the 1970’s and denotes the style and philosophy of the art produced during that era.

• It is associated with art in which the traditions of the past have been thrown aside in a spirit of experimentation

• Modern artist experimented with new ways of seeing and with the fresh ideas about the nature of materials and function art.

Modern Art• Some historians of modern art link the beginning of

modern painting to the French Revolution in 1789

• Mid-15th Century some artists choose to use new subjects, materials, and techniques that signalled a radical change from a medieval past

• One-Point Linear Perspective is one of the development in modern art during the mid-15th century. It altered the face of painting completely.

• Late 18th century begins with the changes in the representation of space

Modern Art• 19th Century modern art was objected to Academic Art

The subject matter did not represent life as it really was

The manner in which subjects were rendered did not reflect reality as it was observed be the naked eyes.

In 1648, The Academic Royale de Peintureet de Sculpture established the so-called Academic Art whose style and subject matter where derived from conventions

Modern Art Painters Uses:

• New Materials• New Techniques of Painting• Developed new Theories in Art

How art reflect the perceived world What their functions as artist should be

Edouard Manet (1832-1883)

French painter who broke new ground by defying traditional techniques of representation and by choosing subjects from the events and circumstances of his own time.

Battle between the Confederate blockade runner Alabama and the Union's Kearsarge in the harbour of Cherbourg

The Artist's Studio, showing Gustave Courbet at the easel, oil on canvas by Courbet, 1855; in the Musée d'Orsay, Paris.

Realismin the arts, the accurate, detailed, unembellished depiction of nature or of contemporary life. Realism rejects imaginative idealization in favour of a close observation of outward appearances. As such, realism in its broad sense has comprised many artistic currents in different civilizations.

Daumier, Honoré

prolific French caricaturist, painter, and sculptor especially renowned for his cartoons and drawings satirizing 19th-century French politics and society. His paintings, though hardly known during his lifetime, helped introduce techniques of Impressionism into modern art.

“At the Palais de Justice,” gouache on paper by Honoré Daumier; in the Musée du Petit Palais, Paris

Impressionism

Impressionist painting comprises the work produced between about 1867 and 1886 by a group of artists who shared a set of related approaches and techniques. The most conspicuous characteristic of Impressionism in painting was an attempt to accurately and objectively record visual reality in terms of transient effects of light and colour.

French painter who was the initiator, leader, and unswerving advocate of the Impressionist style. In his mature works, Monet developed his method of producing repeated studies of the same motif in series, changing canvases with the light or as his interest shifted.

Claude Monet

Women in the Garden, oil on canvas by Claude Monet, 1866–67; in the Louvre, Paris.

Poppies; near Argenteuil, oil on canvas by Claude Monet, 1873; in the Musée d'Orsay, Paris

The Post-Impressionists rejected this limited aim in favour of more ambitious expression, admitting their debt, however, to the pure, brilliant colours of Impressionism, its freedom from traditional subject matter, and its technique of defining form with short brushstrokes of broken colour.

Post - Impressionism

Impressionism was based, in its strictest sense, on the objective recording of nature in terms of the fugitive effects of colour and light.

Painter, founder of the 19th-century French school of Neo-Impressionism whose technique for portraying the play of light using tiny brushstrokes of contrasting colours became known as Pointillism. Using this technique, he created huge compositions with tiny, detached strokes of pure colour too small to be distinguished when looking at the entire work but making his paintings shimmer with brilliance.

Seurat, Georges

artistic style in which the artist seeks to depict not objective reality but rather the subjective emotions and responses that objects and events arouse within a person. The artist accomplishes this aim through distortion, exaggeration, primitivism, and fantasy and through the vivid, jarring, violent, or dynamic application of formal elements. In a broader sense Expressionism is one of the main currents of art in the later 19th and the 20th centuries, and its qualities of highly subjective, personal, spontaneous self-expression are typical of a wide range of modern artists and art movements.

Expressionism

Norwegian painter and printmaker whose intensely evocative treatment of psychological themes built upon some of the main tenets of late 19th-century Symbolism and greatly influenced German Expressionism in the early 20th century. His painting The Scream, or The Cry (1893), can be seen as a symbol of modern spiritual anguish.

Edvard Munch

The Scream was painted by Edvard Munch in tempera and casein on cardboard in 1893

The Kiss, coloured woodcut by Edvard Munch, 1902; in the Victoria and Albert Museum, London.

Cubism highly influential visual arts style of the 20th century that was

created principally by the artists Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque in Paris between 1907 and 1914.

The Cubist style emphasized the flat, two-dimensional surface of the picture plane, rejecting the traditional techniques of perspective, foreshortening, modelling, and chiaroscuro – pictorial representation in terms of light and shade without regard to color, and refuting time-honoured theories that art should imitate nature.

Cubist painters were not bound to copying form, texture, colour, and space; instead, they presented a new reality in paintings that depicted radically fragmented objects.

Phases of Cubism

Analytic Cubism – the early phase of cubism during which objects were dissected or analyzed in a visual information – gathering process and then reconstructed on canvas.

Synthetic Cubism – the second phase of cubism, which emphasizes the form of the object and constructing rather than disintegrating the form

Pablo Picasso's "Portrait of Ambroise Vollard"

Analytic Cubism

Pablo Picasso’s Three Musicians

Synthetic Cubism

Pablo Picasso (1881 – 1973)

• The most significant artist of the 20th century and behind the birth of cubism

• His first major artistic phase has been called his Blue Period - between 1901 and 1904 when he painted essentially monochromatic paintings in shades of blue and blue-green, only occasionally warmed by other colors

Pablo Picasso ‘ s The Old Guitarist

George Braque (1882 – 1963)

• French painter, one of the important revolutionaries of 20th-century art who, together with Pablo Picasso, developed Cubism.

• His paintings consist primarily of still life that are remarkable for their robust construction, low-key colour harmonies, and serene, meditative quality.

George Braque‘ s The Portuguese

Dada• A movement that emerged

during World War I in Europe that purported to be anti-everything, even anti-art.

• Dada poked fun at all established traditions and taste in art works that ere deliberately shocking vulgar and nonsensical.

Dadaism

Began in Zurich The word “Dada” is an

ambigious word they used as their rallying cry

It is a protest against the horrors of World War I

It was an assault on corruption by an international group of young writers and artists

Marcel Duchamp’sNude Descending a Staircase No.2

Surrealism A movement in the early 20th

century that emphasized imagery from dreams and fantasies

• In 1920, a group of writers and painters gathered to proclaim the omnipotence of the unconscious mind

• Officially lunched in Paris in 1924, its goal was to make visible imagery of the unconscious mind

Abstract Realism An art that sits between abstraction and

realism. It uses real images as the starting point for the

abstract and the image must still somewhat recognisable yet still be abstract

Abstract Art is an art that doesn’t have a

definable focus. It is an art that exist through

patterns, colors, texture and line without the need for an external motivation

Pop Art (Popular Art)It is an art style in the 1960’s, deriving its imagery from the popular, mass produced culture

It focused on the overfamiliar objects of daily life to give them new meaning as visual emblem

Op Art (Optical Art)

It is a style of art dating from the 1960’s that creates the illusion of vibrations through afterimages, disorienting perspective, and juxtapositions - the act or an instance of placing two or more things side by side, of contrasting colors

It is a style of visual art that makes use of optical illusions