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1

20th CENTURY ART

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2INTRODUCTION

The building designs of this era were intended to be more exact versions of earlier architectural styles and traditions.

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3Colonial Revival architecture

Identifiable Features 1.  Columned porch or portico

2.  Front door sidelights3.  Pilasters4.  Symmetrical Facade5.  Double-hung windows, often multi-paned6.  Bay windows or paired or triple windows7.  Wood shutters often with incised patterns8.  Decorative pendants9.  Side gabled or hipped roofs

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4Classical Revival Style

Identifiable Features 1.  Formal symmetrical design, usually with center door 2.  Front facade columned porch 3.  Full height porch with classical columns 4.  Front facing gable on porch or main roof 5.  Broken pediment over entry door 6.  Decorative door surrounds, columns, or sidelights 7.  Side or front portico or entry porch 9.  Rectangular double hung windows 10.  Roof line balustrade

MODERN MOVEMENTS IN THE WORLD OF ART

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6INTRODUCTION

The Modern Movement of architecture represents a dramatic shift in the design of buildings.

Based on the use of the new man-made materials, steel & metal – frame construction.

Elevator helped America to invent the skyscraper Use of concrete & glass to create functional buildings with clean lines &

without decoration.

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7Common themes of modern architecture include: The notion that "Form follows function", a dictum originally expressed

by Frank Lloyd Wright's early mentor Louis Sullivan, meaning that the result of design should derive directly from its purpose.

Simplicity and clarity of forms and elimination of "unnecessary detail“. Visual expression of structure (as opposed to the hiding of structural

elements). Use of industrially-produced materials; adoption of the machine

aesthetic. Particularly in International Style modernism, a visual emphasis on

horizontal and vertical lines.

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Early modernism  Modern architecture as primarily

driven by technological and engineering developments.

Modernism is a matter of taste, A reaction against eclecticism and

the lavish stylistic excesses of Victorian and Edwardian architecture.

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9 The Robie House (1910) in Chicago.

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In Italy: Futurism

Futurist architecture began in the early-20th century, characterized by anti-historicism and long horizontal lines suggesting speed, motion and urgency. Technology and even violence were among the themes of the Futurists.

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11 Constructivist architecture

CLUSTERED FORMATION

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12 Expressionist architectureThe style was characterised by an early-modernist adoption of novel materials, formal innovation, and very unusual massing, sometimes inspired by natural organic forms, sometimes by the new technical possibilities offered by the mass production of brick, steel and especially glass.  Making notable use of sculptural forms and the novel use of concrete as artistic elements, 

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13Style Moderne: tradition and modernism

The adoption of the machine aesthetic, glorification of technological advancement and new materials, while at the same time adopting or loosely retaining revivalist forms and motifs, and the continued use of ornament.

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14Urban design and mass housing

THIS WAS THE CONSTRUCTION AFTER TH WORLD WAR TWO

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Tube architecture

 A new structural system of framed tubes appeared in skyscraper design and construction

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THE BAUHAUS THE BAUHAUS-A group of European artist architects committed to create a building for future.

There workshops were laboratories for experiments in glass, metal & furniture design that emphasized purity of form and function

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CriticismModern architecture met with some criticism, which began in the 1960s on the grounds that it seemed universal, elitist, and lacked meaning.