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Tourism All About Geography, Human Elective, Chapter 1, p.2 - 91

O Level - Tourism - Intro & Types of Tourism

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Page 1: O Level - Tourism - Intro & Types of Tourism

TourismAll About Geography, Human Elective, Chapter 1, p.2 - 91

Page 2: O Level - Tourism - Intro & Types of Tourism

Food for Thought:

• What are some words that come to mind when you think of a tourist destination?

• What makes a place suitable for tourism?

• Is tourism always about leisure?

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Mount Roraima, Venezuela

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Neuschwanstein Castle, Bavaria

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London, United Kingdom

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Petra, Jordan

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Importance of Tourism

• Accounts for more than US$1 trillion in global spending

• Employs close to 200 million jobs in the world

• Strong catalyst for broader economic growth for LDCs

• Creates opportunities for interactions between people of different cultures and nationalities

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What do you think?

• How many people travelled abroad last year?

• Which was the most visited country in the world last year?

• How many people came to Singapore last year?

• How much revenue did Singapore make from tourists last year?

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What do you think?

• Over 1.1 billion people travelled abroad last year.

• France was the most visited country – 84.7million people!

• Over 15 million people came to SG last year!

• Tourists receipts accounted for around SGD23.5 billion dollars!

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Global Tourism:Is tourism the way to go?

KQ1:How does the

nature of tourism vary from place to

place?

Who are tourists?How do tourist

destinations differ from one another?

What factors affect the nature of tourism?

KQ2:Why has tourism become a global phenomenon?

In what ways is tourism changing?What influences tourism trends?Why is tourism

subjected to regional trends?

KQ3:What is the cost

of developing tourism?

What are the impacts of tourism?

How are they managed?

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How does the nature of tourism vary from place to place?

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Tourists and Tourism

•Tourists:− Persons travelling to and staying in

places outside their usual environment for more than 24 hours but less than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes.

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Tourists and Tourism

•Tourism (p.5):− International: tourism outside a

tourist’s own country− Domestic: tourism within a tourist’s

own country

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Question:

Are the following examples of domestic tourism, international tourism or non-tourist activity?a) A Singaporean woman working

in Dubai for two yearsb) Town planners from Hong

Kong, flying into Singapore for a three day conference

c) A couple living in New York, spending New Year with relatives in Texas.

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Discuss

• Is the nature of tourism the same around the world?

• What makes a places different from another?

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Is the nature of tourism the same around the world?

Yes No A mixture of both

My Conclusion (>75 Words):

Name: ___________________________( ) Class:____ Date: ________

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Different environments offer

different opportunities for

tourism…

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Natural Environments

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Human Environments

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Human & Physical Environments

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Examples of popular places:

•Places of scenic beauty

•Places with good infrastructure

•Places rich in culture

•Places of conflict

•Space tourism

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Objectives

Skills:

• You will be able to explain in your own words how different destinations differ from one another.

• For each type of tourism, you will be able to name a few real-life examples.

Supporting documents:

• You will produce a mind map to show your ability to classify and differentiate between the various types of tourism

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Places of Scenic Beauty

•Refer to p.6 of textbook.

•Honeypot tourism: tourism that attracts large numbers of people due to the site’s scenic beauty. These sites tend to become overcrowding during peak season.

•Q: What do we mean by ‘scenic beauty’?

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The Grand Canyon

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The Maldives

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Page 7 & PitStop 2,Q2

Case Study of Victoria

Falls

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Hawaii Volcano Park

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Places of Scenic Beauty

•These places are usually naturally occurring

•Examples:− Mountains, coastal landforms, rivers,

volcanoes etc.

•Usually good for doing outdoor sports or just taking photos− E.g. hiking, skiing, surfing etc

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But what about places with no

naturally ‘scenic’ sites?

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Places with good facilities• Refer to p.8

• A popular strategy for cities and countries without much scenic beauty.

• Focus on providing services via building facilities that cater to:a. MICEb. Educational purposesc. Medical and health reasonsd. Amusement and thrills

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Places with good facilities

•MICE− an acronym for Meetings,

Incentives, Conventions and Events.− Such facilities tend to attract tourist

who travel for business reasons.− Example: New York, Seoul, Tokyo,

Singapore, Sydney

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Places with good facilities

These places usually have

Venues can host large scale events

Plenty of hotels and retail services

Located along international air routes

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Expo / Convention Centers

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Hotels(Las Vegas)

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The Stadium (London)

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Flights to and from Singapore

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Places with good facilities• Case study: Singapore

− Was the leading convention city in Asia-Pacific in 2012, drawing over 3.2 million visitors (24% of all visitors to Singapore)

− We have played host to the IMF, the Youth Olympic Games and the World Bank (to name a few)

− Key factors:o We are a major aviation hubo Reliable telecommunication networkso Variety of retail and entertainment options

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Places with good facilities

•Educational Tourism:− When people travel to a place to

learn more about the culture (e.g. student exchange, school trips) or to work and apply skills learned inside the classroom in a different environment (e.g. training and research programmes)

− Can last for a few days to weeks.

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Question:

• The UK attracts > 1 million student visitors annually, earning the country > US$4 billion a year!

•Why?

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Most universities promote some form of foreign travel for their students. These include anything

from 6-week intensive study sessions to a full year of cultural and linguistic immersion.

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Nations such as Costa Rica have been extremely successful with eco-tourism in which they combine lessons on how to

protect the world’s ecology with the travel experience.

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Can you name other places

you would like to visit for

educational purposes?

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Places with good facilities• Medical and Health Tourism:

− When people travel to undergo medical procedures or to maintain, enhance or restore their health.

− Reasons include:o To avoid long waiting time in their home

countryo Seek better quality medical procedureso Seek cheaper cost of medical treatments o See p.11, Fig. 1.10

• Which country would you choose?

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The Dead Sea in IsraelThe high mineral content is said to be good for the skin and arthritis

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An Onsen in JapanDifferent minerals provide different health benefits, and all hot springs are supposed to have

a relaxing effect on your body and mind.

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Places with good facilities• Theme Parks:

− Places with amusements and attractions that are centred around a particular theme

− Mainly targeted at families with children− Features numerous rides, restaurants and

performers− Examples: o Walt Disney World in Florida, USAo Universal Studios, Singaporeo Nagashima Spa Land in Japan

• Q: Why do families like theme parks?

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Disney World: attracts over 17 million visitors

every year!

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Cedar Point in the USA – the roller

coaster capital of the world

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Resorts World Sentosa – includes MICE facilities as

well!

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Places with good facilities

•Concluding points:− Facilities are crucial for tourism. It

encourages tourists to stay and spend more time and money in the country.

− But it also encourages more waste pollution in the country.

•Thinking ahead:− How can we manage the waste

generated from tourism in our country?

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Cultural Tourism

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Places with rich culture

•Culture:− the ideas, customs, and social

behaviour of a particular people or society.

− No two places or countries are ever alike. Thus, all forms of travel are in one way or another ‘cultural’ in nature.

•Q: why is it important to experience different types of cultures?

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Places with rich culture

Heritage Film-induced

CulinaryReligious/

pilgrimage

Examples of cultural tourism

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Places with rich culture

•Heritage Tourism− travelling to experience the places and

activities that represent the stories and people of the past and present.

− can also be used as a tool to reinforce a national pride and identity

− Common places:o Museumso Festivalso Monuments

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Places with rich culture

•Heritage Tourism− Some places are so unique that

they’ve been declared A UNESCO World Heritage Siteo a place that is listed by the United

Nationas (UN) as of special cultural or physical significance to the world

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Mont St. Michel, France

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Banaue Rice Terraces,

Philippines

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Wudang Mountains,

China

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Discuss the pros and cons of declaring

places as UNESCO World Heritage sites

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Your Task

• Find out about the UNESCO World Heritage Sites at www.unesco.org

• List down ONE UNESCO World Heritage Site that you would like to visit in your lifetime.

• Include a brief summary of why this place is important and unique

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Places with rich culture

•See p.16

•Film-induced Tourism− Places that have gained famed for

being in movies.− Examples: ???

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Zhangjiajie National Forest

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World of Harry Potter!

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Places with rich culture• See p.16

• Culinary Tourism− Refers to the pursuit of unique and memorable eating

and drinking experiences.− Food is consistently ranked as one of the most

important and enticing draws for tourists to a country.− In recent years, the proliferation of food-related

programmes on the internet and television has helped to cultivate a keen interest in experiencing different types of food and ‘dining adventures’ among many people.

− These people tend to refer to themselves as ‘foodies’ and make it a point to organize their trips to experience certain types of cuisines.

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Places with rich culture

•See p.16

•Culinary Tourism− Examples:o France – the annual Michelin

Guide is a popular culinary tour book that attracts millions of visitors to the country every year.

o Other countries: Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore

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Places with rich culture

•See p.16

•Pilgrimage Tourism− Travelling to participate in a religious

activity or festival.− Examples:o Mecca, Saudi Arabia for the Hajj

• Attracts of 1.8 million visitors every year.o Vatican City or Jerusalem, Israel for Easter

and Christmaso Varanasi, India for the Ganga Festival

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Discuss

•What is culture?

•Where are some places that have cultures that are unique and enticing?

• In what way can films or religion induce tourism in a country?

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Places of conflict

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Places of Conflict• See p.18

• Dark Tourism− Travelling to sites that are associated with

death and tragedy.− Example:o Sites where natural disasters have occurredo Prison campso Sites of terrorist attackso Human massacres

− Q: why do people want to travel to such places?

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Auschwitz Concentration Camp, Poland

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Would you visit this place?Mianzhu, Sichuan Province, China

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Tourists stand amongst the ruins of Hanwang Zhen town, part of the city of Mianzhu.

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Tourists stand amongst the ruins of Hanwang Zhen town, part of the city of Mianzhu.

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What will the future of tourism

be like?

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Space TourismSee p.19

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Pit Stops 3 & 4 Mindmap1

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Family Fun!

• What makes Singapore a suitable place for families with young children?

• Refer to the handout. How much will a package like this cost?

• What is the most expensive item on the list? Why?

• What would you leave out?

• Do you think that this is a suitable package for families? Give reasons to suggest why/why not.

• Does the yoursingapore.com website do a good job in guiding tourists on their trip to Singapore? Support your answer with examples and explanations.

• Give 2 reasons to suggest why some families might not want to come to Singapore.

http://www.yoursingapore.com/content/dam/_yourSingapore/EN/Traveller/Campaign/holiday-you-take-home/pdf/Itinerary-FamilyFun.pdf