Southeast University Department Of Textile Engineering

I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh

Prepared by : Mazadul Hasan sheshir20100004000813th Batch-2013Wet Processing Technology (Dyeing)

Organic cotton is that which is grown without insecticide or pesticide. Organic cotton is grown using methods and materials that have a low impact on the environment.

Fig.: Organic Cotton Plant

The first organic cotton project started 1990 in Egypt. Most production is taking place in India, Syria, China, Turkey,

Texas USA, Tanzania and Uganda; although countries in West Africa, Latin America and the Middle East are also well-established organic cotton producers.

Organic cotton is currently grown in 23 countries. India is currently growing over 3/4 of the worlds organic cotton.

94%

1.3%

1.2%

1.2%

0.6%

1.7%

OHO

H

H

OH

HH

CH2OH

OH nO

OH H

OH

H OH

CH2OH

H

H

Fig.: Chemical Structure of Organic Cotton

The cotton polymer is a liner, cellulose polymer. The cotton polymer consists of about 5000 cellobiose unit that is it’s about 5000.The most important chemical groupings on the cotton polymer are the hydroxyl (-OH) groups. These are also present as methanol groups or -CH2OH. Cotton is a crystalline fiber. Its polymer system is about 65-70% crystalline and correspondingly about 30-35% amorphous.

Points Description

Shape & length Fairly uniform in width, 12-20µm. Length varies from 1-6cm.Typical length is 2.2-3.2cm.

Luster Low

Tenacity At dry > 3.0-5.0 g/d, at wet> 3.3-6.6 g/d

Resiliency Low.

Density 1.54-1.56 g/cm3

Moisture Absorption Raw (7-8.5%); Mercerized 11%

Fineness Diameter from 11-22µm

• Protecting surface and groundwater quality (eliminating contaminants in surface runoff)

• Reduced risk in insect and disease control by replacing insecticide with the manipulation of ecosystems

• Long-term prevention of pests through beneficial habitat planting.

• Conservation of biodiversity• Eliminate the use of toxic chemicals used in cotton • Organically grown crops also yield soils with higher organic

matter content, thicker topsoil depth, higher polysaccharide content, and lower modulus of rupture; therefore reducing considerably soil erosion.

Disadvantages

• Avoid cotton with added chemicals e.g. stay press, stain resistant, water resistant (containing heavy metals, toxins, formaldehyde etc)

• Natural habitats can be destroyed to grow cotton crops with conventional farming methods.

• Organic farming and production is more expensive than conventional methods.

As a result of consumer interest, organic cotton fiber is used in everything from personal care items (sanitary products, make-up removal pads, cotton puffs and ear swabs), to home furnishings (towels, bathrobes, sheets, blankets, bedding), children's products (toys, diapers), clothes of all kinds and styles (whether for lounging, sports or the workplace), and even stationery and note cards.

In addition, organic cottonseed is used for animal feed, and organic cottonseed oil is used in a variety of food products, including cookies and chips.

Future trends could be hospital and medical applications, industrial and beyond.

Organic cotton can also be found in health and personal hygiene products

(facial care, feminine hygiene and baby diapers, etc).