Plane Sense

Federal AviationAdministrationPlane Sense

R1 11/05/2012

Federal AviationAdministration

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Introduction

• Review the requirements that an aircraft operator/owner must know to make an informed decision about the airworthiness of an aircraft.

• Three Objectives


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Objective - To define the word “airworthy”Objective - To define the word “airworthy”


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Objective -To review the requirements that must be met for an aircraft to be “airworthy”Objective -To review the requirements that must be met for an aircraft to be “airworthy”


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Objective – To address the owner/operator and PIC responsibilities for the airworthiness of an aircraft

Objective – To address the owner/operator and PIC responsibilities for the airworthiness of an aircraft


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Understanding “airworthiness”

• The term “airworthy” is often used but not specifically defined in the regulations

• Our understanding of the word may differ depending on whether we are a pilot or a mechanic.


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CIVIL AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS

• No person may operate a civil aircraft unless it is in an airworthy condition.

• The pilot in command of a civil aircraft is responsible for determining whether that aircraft is in condition for safe flight. The pilot in command shall discontinue the flight when unairworthy mechanical, electrical, or structural conditions occur.


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CIVIL AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS Section 91.7

• No person may operate a civil aircraft unless it is in an airworthy condition.

• The pilot in command of a civil aircraft is responsible for determining whether that aircraft is in condition for safe flight. The pilot in command shall discontinue the flight when unairworthy mechanical, electrical, or structural conditions occur.


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AIRWORTHY?• Two conditions must be met:

– The aircraft conforms to its type certificate, and has been inspected, maintained, modified and repaired in-accordance-with the regulations.

– The aircraft is in condition for safe operation.


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AIRWORTHNESS CERTIFICATE

• Terms and Conditions


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WHAT DOES TYPE DESIGN MEAN?Fred’s Flyer – Model A

The type design consists of--(a) The drawings and specifications, and a listing of those drawings and specifications, necessary to define the configuration and the design features of the product shown to comply with the requirements of that part of this subchapter applicable to the product;(b) Information on dimensions, materials, and processes necessary to define the structural strength of the product;(c) The Airworthiness Limitations section of the Instructions for Continued Airworthiness as required by Parts 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, and 35, or as otherwise required by the Administrator; and as specified in the applicable airworthiness criteria for special classes of aircraft defined in Sec. 21.17(b).


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www.faa.gov then select “Type Certificate Data Sheets”


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TYPE DESIGN DATA SHEETS


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AIRCRAFT OPERATOR RESPONSIBILIES

• An aircraft operator is responsible for the following items:– Ensuring that the aircraft has a current

Airworthiness Certificate and Certificate of Registration in the aircraft. (91.203)

– Verifying that the aircraft is airworthy and in compliance with all applicable ADs. (91.403)

• A-R-R-O-W


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– Assuring that maintenance is properly recorded.– Ensuring that the aircraft operating limitations,

including weight and balance, are in the aircraft and complied with.

– Verifying that the aircraft is safe for flight.


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AIRCRAFT OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITES





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AIRCRAFT OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITES





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AIRCRAFT OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITES (ARROW)

– If the aircraft will be flown outside of U.S. boundaries, a current FCC Radio Station License if radios are installed.

– Reporting an aircraft accident to the National Transportation Safety Board in-accordance-with CFR 830.


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ARROW

• A-Airworthiness Certificate• Section 91.203(a)(1)

• R-Registration• Section 91.203(a)(2)

• R-Radio Station License, when required• O-Operating Limitations

• Section 91.9(b)(1)&(2)

• W-Weight and Balance• Sections 23-1519, 23-1583, 23-1559 & 91.9


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WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THINGS BREAK?

• The airworthiness certificate is no longer in effect!


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Section 91.213: Inoperative Instruments and Equipment

• Minimum Equipment List – MEL– Developed for a specific aircraft– Letter of authorization from the FSDO required– Must be used by everyone who flies the aircraft– Training and records required


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Minimum Equipment List


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• NO MEL decision chain– Regulations – TCDS and 91.205– Manufacturer – equipment list– Remove or deactivate, and placard– Determination of safety


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• NO MEL decision chain– Regulations – TCDS and 91.205– Manufacturer – equipment list– Remove or deactivate, and placard– Determination of safety


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91.213 Inoperative Instruments and Equipment• NO MEL decision chain

– Regulations – TCDS and 91.205– Manufacturer – equipment list– Remove or deactivate, and placard– Determination of safety


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PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE


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SPECIAL FLIGHT PERMIT

• A Special Airworthiness Certificate may be issued and or…..

• Faxed Special Flight Permit which includes operating limitations for intended flight.

• Aircraft may be flown without required equipment or inspections performed.

• Aircraft must be in a condition for safe operation


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SPECIAL AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE


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REQUIRED INSPECTIONS• Annual inspection 91.409(a)• 100 hour inspection 91.409(b)• Progressive inspection 91.409(d)• Pitot-static/Altimeter 91.411• Transponder 91.413• ELT 91.207• 30-day VOR check 91.171


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REQUIRED INSPECTIONS• Annual inspection 91.409(a)• 100 hour inspection 91.409(b)• Progressive inspection 91.409(d)• Pitot-static/Altimeter 91.411• Transponder 91.413• ELT 91.207• 30-day VOR check 91.171• Current GPS data base 91.103 / 91.7


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FORM 337


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SUPPLEMENTAL TYPE CERTIFICATES

Limitations and Conditions: The installation should not be incorporated in any aircraft unless it is determined that the interrelationship between this installation and any previously approved configuration will not introduce any adverse effect upon the airworthiness of the aircraft. The approval of this modification applies to the above-noted aircraft model series only. A copy of this STC must be included in the permanent records of the modified aircraft.


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AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES


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AD COMPLIANCE RECORD


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Responsibilities

• 14 CFR part 91, section 91.417 states that an aircraft owner/operator shall, keep and maintain aircraft maintenance records.

• 14 CFR part 43, sections 43.9 and 43.11 state that maintenance personnel, however, are required to make the record entries.


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What Must Be In The Maintenance Records?

• Description of the work performed• Date the work was completed• Signature and certificate number of the person approving the work

In addition Section 43.9 includes:• The name of any person working on the aircraft and the certificate type of the approving person

SIGNATURE


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REVIEW OF RESPONSIBILITIES• DOCUMENTS

– Airworthiness– Registration– Radio License– Operating Limitations– Weight & Balance

• AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES• REQUIRED MAINTENANCE RECORDS• INSPECTIONS

– Annual - Transponder– 100-hour - ELT– Pitot-static - VOR and GPS data base

· ACCIDENT and SAFETY REPORTING


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REVIEW OF RESPONSIBILITIES


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Summary

• Defined Airworthy• Discussed Airworthy Requirements• Discussed Owner/Operator/Pilot-in

Command Airworthiness Responsibilities• Accident and Safety Reporting


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YOUR TIME FOR:

Questions??

Comments….


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THANK YOU!!

The FAA Safety Team (FAASTeam) is dedicated to Quality Customer Service and we would value your feedback. Please provide your feedback at:

www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/avs/offices/afs/qms

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