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mycorrhizae, hartig net, ectomycorrhizae, endomycorrhizae, epiphytic plants, rhizobium
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Plant & Microbe Interaction
b.stev
plant roots
THE “root” of 95% of plants have adapted fungal growth that enhances their survival
KNOWN AS:KNOWN AS:
mycorrhizae, it is a beneficial relationship
for
the fungus as the plant releases somesome
sugars &
amino acids from the process of
photosynthesis
(Wikipedia, 2008)
HOW this help’s the plant: fungus metabolism, provides the plant with phosphate that it can NOT absorb from soil fungus creates a WEB like formation called: a HARTIG NET around & between roots - increases the absorbance: H2O/ nutrients - more tolerant & competitive to environment - increased resistance: > droughtdrought > poor soilpoor soil > diseasedisease > stresses stresses HARTIG NET: also structure/ support to PLANT “litter layers” : are formed that encourage the production of enzymes – aids digestion of soil
2 TYPES of fungal growth on plant root/s:
THE growth either:
en-sheaths the root, the growth extends
into spaced areas of the root cortex ALSO.
KNOWN as: [ectomycorrhizalectomycorrhizal]
(Wikipedia, 2008)
cortex
FUNGAL SHEATH
FUNGAL SHEATH:
between cortical cells
epidermis
section of a PLANT ROOT
[ectomycorrhizae]
(Campbell & Reece, 2005)
epidermis
cortex
intracellular hyphae
extracellular hyphae
root hair
section of a PLANT ROOT
[endomycorrhizae]
arbuscules
(Campbell & Reece, 2005)
EPIPHYTIC plant/s
DO NOT root in the soil. attach to living plants, ie: treetree
o mosseso lichenso fungi
o plantso treeso ferns
DERIVE the physical support from their
host
&, NUTRIENTS derived from
PHOTOSYNTHESISovergrowthovergrowth of an EPIPHYTIC PLANT
can cause the host to be strangledstrangled
&THEN replaces the HOST : (number
of years)
EXAMPLE: climbing plants OR
crawlers(Wikipedia, 2008)
RHIZOBIUMa soil microbemicrobe that enters the root of plant/s
- both aerobic & anaerobic, produces enzymes
- stimulates abnormal growth of the root cells: these form into, NODULES NODULES on the root
METABOLISM of the microbemicrobe supplies nitrogen to
the plant in a form the plant can then METABOLISE
as a nutrient – this phenomenon is called:
“NITROGEN FIXING ROOT NODULE/S”(Wikipedia, 2008)
Bibliography
Wikipedia. (2008). Rhizobia – wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved September 2, 2008, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhizobia
Campbell, N., & Reece, J. (2005). Biology (7th ed.). San Fransisco: Benjamin Cummings
Wikipedia. (2008). Mycorrhiza – wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved September 2, 2008, from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycorrhiza - 45k -
Wikipedia. (2008). Epiphyte – wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved September 2, 2008, from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphyte – 30k -