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PREHISTORIC ARTS
PREHISTORIC (STONE AGE) ART
is first known period of prehistoric human culture, during which work was done with stone tools.
The period began with the earliest human development, about 2 million years ago.
It is divided into three periods:1. Paleolithic – Old Stone Age2. Mesolithic – Middle Stone Age3. Neolithic – New Stone Age
PALEOLITHIC (OLD
STONE) the longest phase of human history. Its most outstanding feature was the
development of the human species-- Homo sapiens.
Paleolithic peoples were generally nomadic hunters and
gatherers who sheltered in
caves, used fire, and
fashioned stone tools. Their cultures are
identified by distinctive stone-tool industries.
PALEOLITHIC (OLD
STONE)
By the Upper Paleolithic there is evidence of communal hunting,
constructed shelters, and belief systems
centering on magic and the supernatural.
Rock carving and paintings reached their peak in the Magdalenian culture of Cro-Magnon man.
PALEOLITHIC (OLD
STONE)
CRO-MAGNON MAN
MESOLITHIC (MIDDLE STONE)
The Mesolithic period, or Middle Stone Age, began at the end of the last glacial era, over 10,000 years ago.
Cultures included gradual domestication of plants and animals,
formation of settled communities,
use of the bow, and development of delicate
stone microliths and pottery.
MICROLITH
Small stone tool
NEOLITHIC (NEW STONE)
The time periods and cultural content of the Neolithic period, or New Stone Age, vary with geographic location.
The earliest known Neolithic culture developed from the Natufian in Southwestern Asia between 9000 and 7000 BCE.
In Southeast Asia a distinct type of Neolithic culture cultivated rice before 2000 BCE.
and by 1500 BCE Neolithic cultures existed in Mesoamerica that led to the Aztec and Inca civilizations.
People lived in settled villages, cultivated grains and domesticated
animals, developed pottery, spinning, and
weaving, and evolved into the urban civilizations
of the Bronze Age. New World peoples independently
domesticated plants and animals,
NEOLITHIC (NEW STONE)
CAVE PAINTINGS
PALEOLITHIC ART
40,000 – 8,000 BCE
Name: Human with Feline Head
Date: c. 30,000–26,000 BCE
Medium: Mammoth ivorySize: height 11⅝" (29.6
cm)Source/Museum:
Hohlenstein-Stadel, Germany / Ulmer Museum, Ulm, Germany
Namee: Venus of WillendorfDate: c. 28,000 – 24,000 BCEMedium: LimestoneSize: height 4⅜" (11 cm)Source/Museum: Austria. Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna
“VENUS” – THE IDEAL
WOMAN
Venus de Milo, 130-120 BC, marble, 6 ½ ft, Ancient Greece
The Birth of Venus, Sandro Botticelli, 1485, oil on canvas
WOMAN FROM OSTRAVA PETRKOVICE
CZECH REPUBLIC. C. 23,000 BCEHERMATITE, HEIGHT 1 ¾”
NAME: TWO BISONDATE: C. 15,000 – 10,000 BCEMEDIUM: UNBAKED CLAYSIZE: LENGTH 25" ( 63.5 CM) AND 24" (60.9 CM)SOURCE/MUSEUM: LE TUC D’AUDOUBERT, FRANCE
Title: Spotted Horses and Human HandsDate: Horses 25,000–24,000 BCE; hands c 15,000 BCEMedium: Paint on limestoneSize: individual horses are over 5' (1.5 m) in length.Source/Museum: Pech-Merle Cave, Dordogne, France
Name: Hall of BullsDate: c. 15,000 BCEMedium: Paint on limestoneSize: length of the largest auroch (bull) 18' (5.50 m)Source/Museum: Lascaux Cave, Dordogne, France
Name: BisonMedium: Paint on limestoneSize: length approx. 8'3" (2.5 m)Date: c. 12,500 BCESource/Museum: Ceiling of a cave at Altamira, Spain
Title: Lamp with Ibex DesignMedium: Engraved stoneDate: c. 15,000–13,000 BCESource/Museum: La Mouthe Cave, Dordogne, France
ABORIGINAL PREHISTORIC ARTTitle: Mimis and KangarooMedium: Red and yellow ocher and white pipe clayDate: Older painting 16,000–7000 BCESource/Museum: Prehistoric rock art, Oenpelli, Arnhem Land, Australia
NEOLITHIC ART
8,000 – 1,500 BCE
JERICHOGreat Stone Tower
Human Skull
6,000-5,500 BCE
CHATAL HUYUK
6500-5500 BCE
Title: Tomb interior with corbeling and engraved stonesMedium: n/aSize: n/aDate: c. 3000–2500 BCESource/Museum: New Grange, Ireland
Title: StonehengeDate: c. 2750–1500
BCESource/Museum:
Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire England
SUN TUNNELSNANCY HOLT, 1974, UTAH
