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PREHISTORY
PALEOLITHIC
PREHISTORY
1. WHAT IS PREHISTORY?2. WHAT IS HOMINIZATION?3. WHAT ARE THE PERIODS OF
PREHISTORY?4. LIFE IN THE PALEOLITHIC5. TOOLS
5 millions years ago 5.000 years ago
LA PREHISTORIA
1. WHAT IS PREHISTORY?
Prehistory refers to the period before writing was invented.It began in Africa about 5 million years ago.
Archaeologists are the people who study and interpret the remains that they find in archaeological excavations:
FOSSILS (remains of living things such as plants, animals or people)ARTIFACTS (remains of things that were made from wood, stones or bones.)
Who study Prehistory? And How?
LA PREHISTORIA
2. THE PERIODS OF PREHISTORY
5 millions years ago 5.000 years ago
PALEOLITHIC NEOLITHICMETAL AGE
5 Millions years ago
10000 years ago 7000 years ago
First human fossils were found
Agriculture and farming invention
First tools made out of metal
Firs
t writi
ngs
5000
yea
rs a
go
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3. PROCESS OF HOMINIZATION.Darwin in the 19TH century was the first scientist to talk about human evolution
5 millions years ago 5.000 years ago
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3. PROCESS OF HOMINIZATION.There are three key points to understand this process:
BIPEDALISMOld primates could walk
upright on two feet. So… hands free and they could see further
OPPOSING THUMBSo hands could hold
objects and make tools. Stronger and greater accuracy
BIGGER BRAINThe bigger the brain
the more complex and creative so…. The think more, they used language to communicate
5 millions years ago 5.000 years ago
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3. PROCESS OF HOMINIZATION.IT is a very long and complex process of evolution. Here you can meet some of the most important species:
ARDIPITHECUS4,4 millions years agoHerbivoreBipedal350 cm3 small brain
AUSTRALOPITHECUS4 millions years agoBipedal1,5 m tall450 cm3 small brain still
5 millions years ago 5.000 years ago
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3. PROCESS OF HOMINIZATION.
HOMO HABILIS2,5 millions years agoBipedal600cm3 bigger brainFirst hominids to make tools
HOMO ERECTUS1,5 m. a.1,5 m tall900 cm3 bigger brainThey travelled away from AfricaDiscovered how to make fire and may be laguage
5 millions years ago 5.000 years ago
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3. PROCESS OF HOMINIZATION.
HOMO SAPIENS195.000 years agoCreated art and languageWe all belong to that specie
HOMO ANTECESSOR800.000 years ago1000 cm3 big brain Fossils and artefacts were found in Atapuerca, Burgos
NEANDERTAL 200.000 years ago1500cm3 big brainFirst to bury their dead
5 millions years ago 5.000 years ago
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4. HOW WAS LIFE IN THE PALEOLITHIC?.This is the first and longest period in Prehistory.
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
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4. HOW WAS LIFE IN THE PALEOLITHIC?.
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
THE DISCOVERY OF HOW TO SET FIRE CHANGED EVERYTHING:• COOK FOOD• HEAT THEIR SHELTERS•PROTECT THEM FROM WILD ANIMALS•LIGTH CAVES ……… IT IMPROVED THEIR LIFES!!!!
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5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
HUMANS WERE NOMADS
THEY LIVED IN CAVES AND ROCK SHELTERS
THEY LOOKED FOR PLACES NEAR FOOD AND WATER, LIKE RIVERS
THEY MADE TOOLS FROM STONES, BONE , HORNS AND WOOD
THEY PROBABLY LIVED IN TRIBES OR 20 OR 40 PEOPLE. SEVERAL TRIBES FORMED A CLAN.
4. HOW WAS LIFE IN THE PALEOLITHIC?.
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5. HOW TO MAKE TOOLS?.
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
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TOOLS:
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
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TOOLS:Cantos rodados PEBBLESLascas FLAKESPuntas de flecha ARROWHEADSBifaces HAND AXE OR BIFACEBuriles GRAVERRaederas SCRAPERArpones SPEARAgujas NEEDLE
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
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TOOLS:
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
ARROWHEADS AND SCRAPERSHAND AXE OR BIFACE
NEEDLES AND SPEARS
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EACH TOOL HAS ITS OWN PURPOUSE:
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
FISHHUNTSEWTAN LEATHERSCUTBUILD OTHER TOOLS
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HOW IMPORTANT WERE TOOLS?.
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
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ART AND BELIEFSNeandertal people were the first one to buried their dead
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
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ART AND BELIEFSEl homo sapiens began to decorate caves 40000 years ago.Durante el Paleolítico se desarrollan 2 tipos de arte:
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
CAVE ART. Animals (deer, horses, mammoths).
Realistic : they were given volume by the surface reflief of the cave.
Polychrome: several colours (mineral mixed with eggs and oil)
Probably a religious purpose. But who knows?
SMALL STATUES. Venus made of stone, ivory or bones. Probably fertility symbols.
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ART AND BELIEFS
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
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ART AND BELIEFS
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
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ART AND BELIEFS . Caves art work. Altamira
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
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ART AND BELIEFS. Cave art work. Lascaux
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
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ART AND BELIEFS . Venus of Willendorf (Austria 22000 millions years ago) Steatopygia
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
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ART AND BELIEFS. SMALL STATUES
5 millions years ago PALEOLITHIC AGE 10.000 years ago
• Venus of Laussel
• Bison, Madeleine cave (Francia)
• Deer drawn in a horn, El Castillo cave (Spain)
