SDME exam prep

20th January……. 2 weeks!

St Lucia HW due in today

St Lucia case study

• For your case study you should have:

- location

- why tourists visit here

- benefits + problems associated with tourism for St Lucia

- how tourism has been managed

- decided whether tourism here is sustainable

Starter warm up

Using Resource 1c, explain why tourism is important to countries like St Lucia (3)

Resource 1c

So what?For each statement, think of the consequences

Tourism Play Your Cards Right

How it works:

• You have 4 cards

• I will read some statements

• You hold up the card you think is right

Case Study: The Maldives

Case Study: The MaldivesMind map

• Use the textbook (Tomorrow’s Geog p165-167) to build a mind map case study

• E.g.

Tourism inTourism in…………………………....

Impacts

Social

Econom

ic

How is tourism

managed?

Points of view

Background

Env

ironm

enta

l

Positive

Negative

Is it sustainable?

How does tourism change over time?

Cycles of Tourism

No impact from tourism yet. Mostly local tourists only. Beginning to build buildings. Traditional. E.g. Israel, China

Rapid growth. Traditional employment declines. Impact of tourism increases (especially on the environment). E.g. St Lucia

Growth plateaus out. MNCs buy up local businesses (e.g. chain hotels like Holiday Inn buy out local hotels). Growth of jobs but low pay, unskilled, seasonal. Area now dependent on tourism. Only has a chance to be sustainable if can maintain tourism + limit negative impacts. E.g. Maldives

Tourism declines for many reasons, e.g. recession, environmental damage, national disasters, terrorism, fashion, etc. Loss of jobs. Locals migrate away in search of work. E.g. Mexico (after Swine Flu), Thailand (after Tsunami)

If the area cannot rebrand or redevelop itself to maintain tourism then it will go bust. E.g. Portsmouth redeveloped into ‘Waterfront City’ with Gunwharf + dockyards developed, Ibiza was rebranded into Club 18-30

How is the model relevant?

• Phuket has followed this model over past 10-20 yrs.

• Portsmouth also followed this model but redeveloped at Stage 5 into uni/navy town.

• 2.5million tourists to Portsmouth in 2010.

Mass Tourism is not Sustainable

Because:• It relies on low-cost package holidays

which destroy the image/environment of an area (so is unsustainable)

• Also, in a recession these will be the first holidays to decline because they are populated by lower income tourists.

• Causes too much damage to the environment, economy, society

St Lucia is unsustainable

• At present St Lucia has mass tourism

• It is in danger of facing plateau and bust in future.

• It is trying to rebrand as an eco-destination to avoid the bust.

• Eco-Tourism = fewer tourists but conserves environment (and reduces impact on society) and people will pay more per person, so balance.

Resource 5&6

• Try to link the two resources.

• Read Resource 5 and annotate it to show what stage of the model Benidorm is at during each stage of its’ development.

• E.g.

Stage 1

• Examples of how the island has developed tourism

• Can you guess what the essay Q might be about?

St LuciaSt Lucia

Likely SDME essay Q:

Q) The eastern side of St Lucia is currently undeveloped. St Lucia makes 48% of it’s GDP and the government

are considering the future of the eastern side.- With reference to other case studies and to sustainability,explain which decision you would make for St Lucia. - Discuss the advantages + disadvantages of your decision.- Explain why you did not choose the other options.- Consider different points of view.• Build a mass-tourism resort.• Build an eco-resort.• Build small scale beach resorts.• Cancel all development.

• 16 marks for essay.

Homework

• Practice Question sheet.

• Due:

Case study mind-maps

• Use the textbooks to create mind-map case studies for your revision

• One mind-map for each case study:1) Ayia Napa2) Machu Picchu3) Yosemite

15-20mins each is plenty. Cover: brief background, a few attractions, positive + negative impacts, points of view (for+against), how tourism is managed.

Tourism inTourism in…………………………....

Impacts

Social

Econom

ic

How is tourism

managed?

Points of view

Background

Env

ironm

enta

l

Positive

Negative

Is it sustainable?

Impacts

Social

Econom

ic

How is tourism

managed?

Envi

ronm

enta

l

Negative

Is it sustainable?

Small Caribbean island. Most income from tourism + bananas

Tropical climate + vegetation. Mountains + volcanoes.

Locals have more job opportunities

48% of island GDP income is from tourism

Jobs are seasonal + low pay.

No

ise

, la

nd

+ a

ir p

ollu

tion

.

Points of view

Disruption to local quality of life.

Background

Good infrastructure

Positive

Mostly mass tourism

Some eco-tourism

Eco-T is expensive but long term sustainable.

Mass tourism is not sustainable

Damage to beaches. Footpath erosion. Land pollution from litter. Increased traffic + congestion.

Noise pollution for locals. Old people become disturbed. House prices go up. Loss of traditional culture.

Improved economy. Transition to MEDC? Improved infrastructure. Money to improve transport / services, etc.

Tourism inTourism inSt LuciaSt Lucia

How can tourism be made responsible?

The multiplier effectThe multiplier effect

• What is it?

• How does the multiplier effect work with tourism?

Exam Qs

Q) Describe & Explain how tourism can affect the environment. (3marks)

Q) Why would some people be against mass tourism? (3marks)

Q) Suggest 2 reasons why mass tourism might be unsustainable. (4marks)

Q) Explain why LEDC countries like St Lucia encourage tourism despite its negative impacts (6marks)

What are the impacts of tourism?

Exam Command Words: Bingo

Who are the stakeholders?

Tourism: Points of View