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The Byzantine Empire lasted more than a thousand years and kept Roman politics, art, architecture, engineering, learning and military tactics alive. It acted as a buffer between the Muslim controlled Middle East and Christian Europe throughout the Dark Ages, and also allowed for the safe keeping of knowledge that helped incubate the Renaissance. Furthermore, it directly contributed to the emergence of the Crusades, which influenced Middle East/European politics and Christian/Muslim interactions through the present day.
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Today YOU ARE HISTORIANS!
During the lesson on the Qin, I mentioned that each of you as students of history ARE historians. Today each of you will show what your beliefs are about the fall of the Roman Empire, particularly the Eastern Roman Empire, or the Byzantine Empire.Put your thinking caps
on!Just do your best!
How to be a Historian…
Simply put, a Historian examines information from the past and draws conclusions about their meaning.
Graph of Death by Tuberculosis
Sample:
Fall of the Western Roman Empire&Rise of Byzantium
The Byzantine Empire – Eastern Roman Empire
Constantine (the Great)330 C.E.
Emperor Constantine unites the Empire
Moves the Capitol – builds Constantinople
“By this symbol you shall conquer”Christian symbol painted on shieldsChristianity became state religion
Empire Splits395 C.E.
Rome Falls 476 C.E.
Justinian I begins527 C.E.
•Emperor of Eastern Empire (Byzantium)•Sought to regain old Roman Empire•Want Mediterranean to be a “Roman Lake”•Instituted massive taxes•Raised money through deception•Raised mighty army•Retook most of old Roman Empire•Hagia Sophia – greatest Christian Cathedral•Codified Roman Law•Heavily supported the arts
Hagia Sophia – 537 C.E.
Hagia Sophia Interior
Justinian I Dies565 C.E.
Italy Lost - 600 C.E.
After a battle with the Lombards, the Byzantine Empire lost most of their lands in Italy.
Muslims Win641 C.E.
By 641 C.E., the Byzantine Empire had lost Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and North Africa to the Muslims after they sought to expand the word of the prophet Muhammad following his death in 632 C.E.
Macedonian Dynasty 843 C.E.
They had a revival of their greatness for 200 years.
Empire Recedes 1050 C.E.
THE CRUSADES – 1081 C.E.
Emperor Alexios I writes a letter to Pope Urban I in Rome asking for a few Knights to help defend against Muslim attacks. His letter ignites The Crusades in which nearly 80,000 Knights converge in Constantinople and attack the Holy Land and take Jerusalem.
4th Crusade 1204 C.E.
During 4th Crusade, Crusaders attack and take Constantinople.
Empire never fully recovers.
The Black Death1347 C.E.
The Black death was a plague that swept through Europe and Asia. The weak empire couldn't stand against this last fatal blow. Historians say cities lost 30% - 50% of their population to death by bubonic plague.
Constantinople Falls 1453 C.E.
Constantinople falls to the Ottoman Turks in 1453 after lengthy siege.
Ottomans use cannons to break thru walls It is renamed Istanbul and remains so
today.
The End
Discussion Question:
List an advantage of a large empire in ancient history
List a disadvantage or difficulty of a large empire in ancient times
Differences
Western Empire Eastern Empire
“Latin Empire”Emperor exercised total controlEmperor strictly politicalUnable to be self supportiveCapitol in RomeIsolated in tradeCatholic Christianity/PaganOverrun by “barbarian” tribesFell 476 C.E.
“Greek Empire”Emperor relied on “4 Pillars”Emperor “Head of Church”Self supportiveCapitol in Constantinople Traded heavilyEastern Orthodox ChristianityOverrun by Ottoman Turk EmpireFell 1453 C.E.
![Byzantium - The Decline and Fall [Vol III]](https://img.pdfslide.net/doc/110x75/563dbb2e550346aa9aaaf092/byzantium-the-decline-and-fall-vol-iii.jpg)
