Sada Ambalvi Hindi book

nks 'kCn

;w¡ rks bd mez lkFk&lkFk gqbZftLe dh :g ls u ckr gqbZ

:g uk'kkn1 gS D;w¡ fQØs&rus&Qkuh2 esaru gS iks'kkd iqjkuh] bls QV tkus nks

vxj cÐ3 rw gS] rks gSa cw¡n ge Hkhgeha ls gS , gd frjh csdjkuh4

oqlvrs&csdjk¡5 dk fgLlk Fkkbd cnu esa fleV x;k gw¡ eSa

oks tks ewlk us rwj ij ns[kkgeus inkZ gVk ds ns[k fy;k

bu lc v'kvkj dk fo"k;&oLrq gekjs vè;kRe Kku ls vyx ugha] ysfdu dgus dk <ax vkSj ygtk ,dne fujkyk vkSj rjksrktk gSA vPNs 'ks*j dh igyh igpku ;gh gS fd vxj ckr ubZ u Hkh gks rks de ls de vankts&c;k¡ u;k gksA lnk vackyoh dh 'kk;jh bl dlkSVh ij [kjh mrjrh gSA fo"k; pkgs vè;kRe gks] gqLuks&b'd ;k jktks&fu;kt ;k fQj lkekftd psruk ls tqM+k gqvk] ^lnk* us gj ckr vius vyx vankt esa is'k dh gSA felkyu %

pquh fdl fcuk is rwus]geha eqQfylksa dh cLrhrq>s cdZ ;s fl;klrcrk fdlus gS fl[kkbZ

cfLr;k¡ tykus dh ckr rks vDlj dgh xbZ gS] ysfdu fctyh ij fl;klr dk bYtke e<+ ds fl;klrnkuksa is ,slh djkjh pksV dh felky yktokc gSA

bl vuwBs vankts&c;k¡ okys 'kk;j dk vlyh uke gS jktsanz iky flag] ftudk tUe lu~ 1951 esa vEckyk 'kgj esa gqvk] tgk¡ muds iwoZt if'peh iatkc ds ftyk ljxksèkk ls fuokZflr gksdj cl x, FksA ;w¡ rks ^lnk* fgUnqLrku dh ml cnulhc ih<+h ls okcLrk gSa ftUgsa mnwZ rkyhe ls eg:e j[kk x;k ysfdu budh [kq'kulhch jgh tks bUgsa cpiu esa ,sls gtjkr ls ckrphr dk lkSHkkX; gkfly gksrk jgk ftudh Tkqcku ij u dsoy xkfyc] ehj vkSj bdcky tSls mnwZ 'kk;jksa] cfYd 'ks[k lknh] ekSykuk :e vkSj gkfQt f'kjkth tSls Qkjlh 'kk;jksa ds Hkh v'kvkj p<+s jgrs FksA ,sls ekgkSy dh cnkSyr cpiu esa gh bUgsa mnwZ 'kk;jh dk pLdk yx x;k vkSj bUgksaus mnwZ Tkqcku lh[k yhA Hkkjrh; iz'kklfud lsok esa fu;qfDr ds ckn gSnjkckn LFkkukUrj.k gksus ij mnwZ Tkqcku ls budk ukrk vkSj Hkh xgjk gksrk pyk x;kA

^lnk* us 'kq#vkr uTe ds 'kk;j ds rkSj ij dhA èkhjs&èkhjs bUgksaus vktkn uTe dks NksM+dj mnwZ ds vkgax dks viuk;k vkSj uTeksa ds lkFk&lkFk xty dh rjQ #[”k fd;kA vkt budh uTesa Hkh eqlYly xty dh rjg is v:t ds mlwyksa dh ,su ikcan gksrh gSaA bUgksaus v:t vkSj fiaxy ds fu;eksa ds lkFk&lkFk ekSlhdh dh t:fj;kr dh vksj Hkh roTtks nh gS ftlls laxhrdkj cM+h lgtrk ls buds dyke dks Lojc) dj ysrs gSaA

^lnk* dh rhu Ni pqdh iqLrdksa ¼lnk&,&ckt x'r] lnk&,&fnys lnpkd vkSj viuk&viuk vkLek¡½ ds bykok budk dyke lHkh izfrf"Br if=kdkvksa esa Ni pqdk gSA vkdk'kok.kh vkSj nwjn'kZu ls Hkh vDlj budk izlkj.k gksrk jgrk gSA buds fparu dk nk;jk cgqr O;kid gSA xty ds ikjEifjd fo"k;ksa ds lkFk&lkFk bUgksaus lkekftd vkSj jktuSfrd fo"k;ksa dks cM+s vuwBs <ax ls Nqvk gSA felkyu %

dkSu dgrk gS cqjs dke dk Qy Hkh gS cqjkns[k eLun is gSa efLtn dks fxjkus okys1- uk[kq'k] 2- u'oj 'kjhj dh fpUrk esa] 3- leqnz] 4- vlherk] 5- vuar] vlhfer czãkaM

;s fl;klr gS fd ykur gS fl;klr is ^lnk*[+kqn gSa eqtfje cus dkuwu cukus okys

dRy gkfde ds Fkk b'kkjs ijvke yksxksa us gkfnlk le>k

mUgsa u rksfy, rgthc ds rjktw esa?kjksa esa ftuds u pwYgs u nhi tyrs gSa

oks etgc ij bUlkfu;r dks rjthg nsrs gSa vkSj èkkfeZd vaèkfo'okl vkSj dV~Vjiu ij bUgksaus cM+s rh[ks O;aX; dls gSa %

dqN fny ls vius iwNdj okbt gesa crk;w ¡ ckj&ckj ns u gokyk fdrkc dk

ge rks nqgkbZ nsaxs tgkyr dh gJ esaoks D;k tokc nsaxs tks vgys fdrkc gSa

efLtn dks NksM+dj tks u vk;k x;k dghans[kks fn[kk jgk gS oks tUur dk jkLrk

oks tks balk¡ gh ugha cu ik;k[k+kd fganw ;k eqLyek¡ gksxk

vkneh igys rks ykfte gS fd balku cusfQj Hkys fganw bZlkbZ ;k eqLyeku cus

b'd etkth ls b'd gdhdh dh eqlkQjr ¼;k=kk½ ds lkFk&lkFk mudh 'kk;jh us xes&tkuka ls xes&nkSjka dk lQj Hkh r; fd;k gSA oks etywe ds nq[k&nnZ ls izHkkfor gksrs gSa vkSj viuh foo'krk ij vkØks'k Hkh trkrs utj vkrs gSa %

iksaN ldk cl vius vk¡lwfdruk NksVk vk¡py fudyk

esjs v'dksa dks oks rklhj vrk dj ekSykeSa tks jksÅ¡ rks ejhtksa dks f'kQk gks tk,

dHkh iksaNs gSa D;k rwus fdlh ds vk¡[k ds vk¡lwjgk e'kxwy nkeu dh lQsnh dks cpkus esa

budh 'kk;jh i<+us okys ds fny esa lhèkh mrjrh gS vkSj gj 'k[+l mls vius vuqHko ds lkFk tksM+dj ns[kus yxrk gS] ftlls muds bl dFku dh iqf"V gksrh fn[kkbZ nsrh gS %

rq>s yxsxk frjs fny dh rjtqekuh gSrw i<+ ds 'ksj ^lnk* dh xty ds ns[k tjk

µyfyr 'kekZ

mPpkj.k lEcUèkh dqN ladsr

mnwZ 'kk;jh esa mPpkj.k ;kfu ry¶Qqt dh cM+h vgfe;r gSA mnwZ ds v:t ¼Nan&'kkL=k½ esa y¶tksa dks nks oxks±] lkfdu ¼tgk¡ Tkqcku Bgjh jgs½ vkSj eqrgfjZd ¼tgk¡ Tkqcku gjdr esa vk,½ esa ck¡Vk tkrk gSA vke rkSj ij fdlh cg~j esa lkfdu vkSj eqrgfjZd gQks± ds Øe ;k flyflys esa cnyko dh btktr ughaA blh [k+kl pky ds dkj.k gh mnwZ dh 'kk;jh esa jokuh vkSj jl iSnk gksrk gSA dfork esa ;g jokuh dk;e j[kus ds fy, vD+lj dbZ 'kCnksa dks NksVk&cM+k fy[kus vkSj i<+us dh vko';drk iM+rh gS] ftldks tk;t ekuk x;k gSA felky ds rkSj ij ^[+k+wu* dks ^[+kw¡*] êdku* dks êdk¡* bR;kfnA blh rjg fganh ds ^,d* dh txg tgk¡ t:jr gks ^bd*] ^rsjs* dh txg ^frjs* vkSj ij dh txg îs* iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA

mnwZ esa dbZ dksey mPpkj.k gSa ftuds fy, vyx v{kj gSa tSls fd ^t* ds fy, the ds bykok ^ts*] ^Tokn*] ^tky*] ^tks,* oxSjkA bu mPpkj.k :iksa dks n'kkZus gsrq gQZ ds uhps uqDrk yxk;k tkrk gS ftldk mPpkj.k ds le; è;ku j[kuk t:jh gSA ̂ vkSj* dk Hkko n'kkZus ds fy, mnwZ esa ̂ vks* ;k flQZ ^vks* dh ek=kk dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS tSls fd

fnyks&ftxj ¾ fny vkSj ftxjA'kkeks & lgj ¾ 'kke vkSj lgjAbl rjdhc dks vRQ dgrs gSaA blh rjg ^dk* ;k

^dh* dk Hkko n'kkZus ds fy, ^,* dh ek=kk dk bLrseky gksrk gSA

tSls fdxes&fny ¾ fny dk xeuky&,&fny ¾ fny dk ukyk ¼:nu½bl rjdhc dks btkQr dgk tkrk gSA

Øe

1- u ghjs] tokgj u tj c[+'k ekSyk 17 2- 'kgj esa feyrs gSa eqf'dy ls dgha 18 3- fny ds dgus ij py fudyk 19 4- TkqYQ ygjk ds Qtk igys eqvÙkj dj ns 20 5- u ftØ xqy dk dgha gS u ekgrkc dk gS 21 6- fejh rkSck tks VwVh gS] 'kjkjr lc Qtk dh gS 22 7- gj fny ds eqdn~nj esa eqgCcr ugha gksrh 23 8- vkcys gksaxs oks] >V QwV ds cgus okys 24 9- fuxkgs&ukt dk [kkyh x;k u rhj dksbZ 25 10- xqy'ku&xqy'ku ftØ gS mudk] 26 11- oks rks [”kq'kcw gS] gj bd flEr fc[kjuk gS mls 27 12- yk[k rdnhj is jks, dksbZ jksus okyk 28 13- rchvr j¶r% j¶r% [”kwxjs&xe gksrh tkrh gS 29 14- tku tk, gd dh [k+kfrj] vk, tc ckjh fejh 30 15- ;s xtky lh fuxkgsa] ;s 'kckc] ;s vnk,¡ 31 16- vius ejdt ls dV x;k gw¡ eSa 32 17- vc dgk¡ nksLr feysa] lkFk fuHkkus okys 33 18- g¡lrs&g¡lrs u lgh jks ds gh dV tkus nks 34 19- dne&dne is rw , jkg&jkS d;ke u dj 35 20- gj ?kM+h bfErgku ysrs gSa 36 21- gSa ftruh [+kwclwjr] mruh gh gSa csoQk ns[kks 37 22- fn[kk,xh vlj fny dh iqdkj vkfgLrk&vkfgLrk 38 23- rq>dks geus lue [kqnk le>k 39 24- vc fd tc [+kkfg'ks flyk gh ugha 40 25- djks nkxs fny dh lnk ikLckuh 41 26- gS edha gj 'kS esa oks] dgrs gks ftldks yk edk¡ 42 27- dqN rks cksy , ^lnk* gqvk D;k gS 43

28- cjlha u ekSle esa vk¡[ksa 44 29- ;w¡ rks bd mez lkFk&lkFk gqbZ 45 30- lc nok,¡ rks gqb±] vc ;s nqvk gks tk, 46 31- Nqirk ugha udkc esa tYok 'kckc dk 47 32- vkidh vksj bd utj ns[kk 48 33- dSlh gdhdr vkSj ;s dSlk etkt gS 49 34- nks gkFk tksM+dj ;s xqtkfj'k tukc gS 50 35- pkj fnu vkSj gSa ;kjksa ds ;s Msjs ;kjks 51 36- ;knksa ds fQj meM+s ckny 52 37- er dg cqjk fdlh dks] tks dksbZ cqjk Hkh gS 53 38- lkeus tc gS vkbuk gksrk 54 39- gj 'kS gS dk;ukr dh] viuh txg vge 55 40- utj dk viuh utfj;k cny ds ns[k tjk 56 41- vkneh igys rks ykfte gS fd bUlku cus 57 42- lgj dks gLcs&t:jr] oks jkr dgrs gSa 58 43- fd;k D;k , ^lnk* rwus] crk vkdj tekus esa 59 44- jLes&nqfu;k rks fdlh rkSj fuHkkrs tkvks 60 45- eatjs&#[k+lrs&fnynkj Hkqyk;k u x;k 61 46- gkFkksa esa xj gS tke rks yc is nqvk Hkh gS 62 47- fuxkg [”kqn is fVdh Fkh rks vkSj D;k fn[krk 63 48- dkuwu lc fdrkcksa esa lM+&lM+ ds xy x, 64 49- th esa gS rksM+ nsa lqcw] vkSj fxjk nsa tke ;s 65 50- ftLe tc rd Quk ugha gksrk 66 51- x+e ls fnyks&ftxj fejs] [+kwxj gSa gks x, 67 52- tx ls Nqi dj jks ysuk 68 53- lkfd;k yqRQ e; dk tc vk, 69 54- nnsZ ftxj fdlh dks crk;k u tk,xk 70 55- fny x;k tku xbZ] ftLe dh ckjh gS 71 56- ihus nks tkfgnks] ihus dh ?kM+h gS 72 57- rxkQqy rsjk xks xokjk u Fkk 73

58- gkflys vtsZ eqn~nvk D;k Fkk 74 59- uhan vkbZ gh ugha gedks u iwNks dc ls 75 60- nqfu;k esa jg ds nqfu;k esa] 'kkfey ugha gw¡ eSa 76 61- eSa rks vk x;k gw¡ lkdh 78 62- fny gljrksa ls tc fejk] ekewj gks x;k 79 63- lwnks&ft;k¡ dk b'd esa j[krs fglkc gSa 80 64- okbt rw NksM+ vc rks vnkor dk jkLrk 81 65- D;w¡ ;s gljr Fkh fny yxkus dh 83 66- dqN rks rLdhus bTrjkc feys 84 67- pyks fd ge Hkh tekus ds lkFk pyrs gSa 86 68- fny u ekuk] euk ds ns[k fy;k 87 69- lcls I;kjk gS I;kj dk fj'rk 88 70- cyk ls viuh vc vkrh jgs cgkj dHkh 89 71- xjtr cjlr vk, cnjk 90 72- lkxj ftruk xgjk gS 91 73- ;w¡ rks mudks gS lkS nQk ns[kk 92

uTesa 1- nqvk 95 2- gEn 96 3- vkSj D;k pkfg, thus ds fy, 97 4- D;w¡ dgha cSB ds ne ysrs ugha ,d ?kM+h 98 5- ryk'ks&tUur ¼utzs+ dk'ehj½ 100 6- esjk dye 101 7- ukSg&,&'kcue 102 8- n'kgjk 103 9- tk js tk----- cnjk----- 105 10- ;s >qdh&>qdh lh utj lue ¼xhr½ 106 11- feyh fny dh vius [+kcj lue ¼xhr½ 108 12- Ne Nek Ne Nee 109

13- ih fcu lkou D;w¡ vk;k 110 14- djks yk[k eq¡g ls ugha ugha ¼vktkn uTe½ 111 15- vty ds eqlfOoj ls 113 16- jkgh rw pyrk tk js 114 17- xqyukek 116 18- tqesZ&lq[”ku 117 19- vkt fQj thus dk , nksLr bjknk dj rw 119 20- rvk#ZQ 121 21- gokbZ estcku 123 22- nkors&ukxokj ¼vktkn uTe½ 126 23- Nykok 128

Ł®JC*

1

u ghjs] tokgj u tj c[+'k ekSykeq>s cl xty dk gquj c[+'k ekSyk

lq[k+u dh fijksÅ¡ eSa rLchg1 ftulsoks y¶tksa ds ykyks&xqgj c[+'k ekSyk

Qyd2 ls Hkh Å¡ph Hkjsa ;s mM+kus[+;kyksa dks esjs oks ij c[+'k ekSyk

fi?ky tk,¡ iRFkj Hkh lqu xhr esjsdye dks fejs oks vlj c[+'k ekSyk

ugha eq>dks eafty dh gjfxt reUukeq>s cl eqlYly3 lQj c[+'k ekSyk

lesVs tks nnsZ & tgk¡ vius vanj'ktj4 lk eq>s bd ftxj c[+'k ekSyk

eqgCcr Hkjk ,d fny eq>dks ns nsdukvr5 Hkjh bd utj c[+'k ekSyk

>qds u dHkh TkqYe ds lkeus tksrw dkaèkksa is esjs oks lj c[+'k ekSyk

^lnk* csdlks a dk djs [+kSj ednefejs ?kj dks ,slk rw nj c[+'k ekSyk

1- ekyk] 2- vkdk'k] 3- fujUrj] 4- isM+] 5- larks"k

2

'kgj esa feyrs gSa eqf'dy ls dghapkj dka/ks Hkh mBkus ds fy,

xk¡o esa xk¡o dk xk¡o vkrk gSlkFk 'e'kku dks tkus ds fy,

xk¡o ykSVk u nqykjk ek¡ dkdj ds rkyhe eqdEey viuh

[ksr lc j[k fn, fxjoh viuscki us ftldks i<+kus ds fy,

b±V&iRFkj dh bekjr dk D;kdqN gh fnu esa gS [kM+h gks tkrh

mez yx tkrh gS ysfdu ;kjks?kj dks ?kj tSlk cukus ds fy,

'kgj esa vEu cgkyh ds fy,vkt Vh-oh- is gS dh ftlus vihy

dy blh us rks b'kkjk Fkk fd;kvkx cLrh esa yxkus ds fy,

nksLrh xj ugha eqefdu] u lghnq'euh fdl fy, ikyh tk,

fny ls fny feyuk t:jh rks ughagkFk ls gkFk feykus ds fy,

ns[kuk oks Hkh u yqV tk, dghapksj tks NksM+ x, gSa ckdh

, ^lnk*] lksp ds tkuk rw tjkjiV Fkkus esa fy[kkus ds fy,

pqfuank 'kk;jh % lnk vackyoh @@ 17 18 @@ pqfuank 'kk;jh % lnk vackyoh

3

fny ds dgus ij py fudykeSa Hkh fdruk ikxy fudyk

vk¡lw fudys] dkty fudykjksus ls dc dqN gy fudyk

iksaN ldk cl vius vk¡lwfdruk NksVk vk¡py fudyk

pwj gqvk ij >wB u cksyknjiu eq>&lk vfM+;y fudyk

cTe rsjh dk nLrwj ;ghtks Hkh fudyk ?kk;y fudyk

nq'eu ds ?kj cw¡nsa cjlhaesjh Nr ls ckny fudyk

dRy gqbZ gj gljr vkf[k+jfny esjk bd edry1 fudyk

ckgj ls Fkk [k+kj ^lnk* rwvUnj Qwy&lk dksey fudyk

1- oèkLFky

4

TkqYQ ygjk ds Qtk igys eqvÙkj1 dj nstke fQj vk¡[kksa ds eS[k+kus ls Hkj Hkj dj ns

cq> xbZ 'kEv dh ykS rsjs nqiV~Vs ls rks D;kviuh eqLdku ls egfQy dks equOoj2 dj ns

gks'k rks mM+ x,] vk¡[kksa ls gh ih dj lkdhvc tjk oks Hkh fiyk ns tks xyk rj dj ns

xSj dks eq¡g u yxk] gks'k esa gw¡ tc rd eSabruk vglku fejs lkfd;k eq> ij dj ns

cs eqjOor3 gSa cM+s] ih ds Hkh gSa gks'k esa tks,sls e;[k+kjksa dks eS[k+kus ls ckgj dj ns

'ks*j esa lkFk jokuh ds] evkuh Hkh rks Hkj, ^lnk* dSn rw dwts esa leanj dj ns

1- lqxafèkr] 2- jkS'ku] 3- vlH;


5

u ftØ xqy dk dgha gS u ekgrkc1 dk gSreke 'kgj esa ppkZ frjs 'kckc2 dk gS

f[kys gSa Qwy tks vk¡[kksa esa] gSa oks ujfxl dsycksa ds njE;k¡ xq ¡pk xqys xqykc dk gS

'kjkc viuh txg] pk¡nuh gS viuh txgexj tokc gh D;k gqLus csudkc dk gS

gq, gSa ukxgk¡3 fcfLey4] 'kjhds&cTe tks lcdqlwj dqN gS frjk] dqN frjs udkc dk gS

u rwus e; p[kh tkfgn] u tqesZ&b'd fd;krks lqCgks&'kke rq>s fQØ fdl vtkc5 dk gS

e;s rqgwj6 dk bl oD+r ys u uke , 'kS[k;s oD+rs 'kke rks vaxwj dh 'kjkc dk gS

^lnk* ds ikl gS nqfu;k dk rt#ck okbtrqEgkjh ckr esa cl QylQk fdrkc dk gS

1- pk¡n] 2- tokuh] 3- vpkud] 4- ?kk;y] 5- ltk] 6- LoxZ esa feyus okyh efnjk

6

fejh rkSck tks VwVh gS] 'kjkjr lc Qtk1 dh gSdqlwj vczs&cgkjh2 dk] [+krk dkyh ?kVk dh gS

fdls bYtke nsa d'rh dk viuh Mwc tkus dk[k+rk,&uk[”kqnk3 gksxh] exj ethZ [”kqnk dh gS

u Bqdjk vkt rw , 'kS[”k] e; xqyQke4 dks gjfxtnok gh tku dj ih tk] vjs lnhZ cyk dh gS

u ?kcjkvks fejs ;kjks] fejh vk¡[kksa dh ykyh ls'kjkch yk[k gw¡ ysfdu] 'kjkQr vc Hkh ckdh gS

dukvr5 dj vjs okbt6] tgk¡ dh userksa ij rwcuk tUur ;gh nqfu;k] ;s nqfu;k Hkh [+k+qnk dh gS

folkys gd7 dHkh eqf'dy] dHkh vklku yxrk gStjk&lk Qklyk gS] njE;k¡ nhokj vuk8 dh gS

vrk f[k+yvr9 dgk¡ ls gks] djs bdjke10 dkSu mldkjgs nwj vgys&elun11 ls] cqjh vknr ̂ lnk* dh gS

1- ekgkSy] okrkoj.k] 2- cgkj ds ckny] 3- eYykg dh xyrh] 4- lqxafèkr 'kjkc] 5- larks"k] 6- mins'kd] 7- [”kqnk ls feyu] 8- [”kqnh] 9- lEekukFkZ fn, tkus okys oL=k] 10- lEeku] 11- vklu is cSBus okys


7

gj fny ds eqdn~nj esa eqgCcr ugha gksrhgj 'k[+l ds fgLls esa ;s user ugha gksrh

fey tk, eqgCcr dk tc , nksLr lgkjkfQj vkSj lgkjs dh t:jr ugha gksrh

ml fnu eq>s yxrk gS dksbZ iki gqvk gSftl fnu frjs dwps dh ft;kjr1 ugha gksrh

djrs gSa fxyk rqels] rqEgsa viuk le> dsxSjksa ls rks , nksLr f'kdk;r ugha gksrh

tyuk gS iraxs rks rw ty lksts&ftxj lsvkf'kd dks rks vkfr'k dh t:jr ugha gksrh

fdl ntkZ gS el:Q2 u, nkSj dk balk¡[”kqn ls Hkh bls feyus dh Qqjlr ugha gksrh

fcu rsjs d:¡ thLr3 eSa] rkSck] fejh rkSckeq>ls rks fejh tku] ;s tqjvr ugha gksrh

dqN dke ugha vkrh gS] esgur Hkh c'kj dhtc rd fejs ekSyk] frjh jger ugha gksrh

esgur ls dek ds rw ^lnk* viuh xqtj djtks eq¶r feys mlesa rks cjdr ugha gksrh

1- rhFkZ;k=kk] 2- O;Lr] 3- ftUnxh

8

vkcys1 gksaxs oks] >V QwV ds cgus okysge 'ktj tSls gSa] gj pksV dks lgus okys

dwd dks;y dh u fpfM+;ksa dh pgd lqurs gSafdrus cnc[+r2 gSa] ;s 'kgj esa jgus okys

lkspdj Qsaduk bd nwts is iRFkj ;kjksge lHkh dk¡p ds egyksa esa gSa jgus okys

lqu ds bl dku ls ml dku ls ckgj dj nksdqN cqjh ckr vxj dgrs gSa dgus okys

v'kZ ij dc rd mM+saxs ;s teha ds iaNhbd u bd jkst rks gSa Q'kZ is <gus okys

nwj ls vk ds rks lc nksLr gSa vD+lj feyrseqn~nrks a fn[krs ugha ikl es a jgus okys

'ks*j dgus dk frjk <ax fujkyk gS ^lnk*oju% 'kk;j gSa cgqr cg~j esa dgus okys

1- Nkys] 2- cnulhc


9

fuxkgs&ukt dk [kkyh x;k u rhj dksbZfdlh dh tku xbZ vkSj gqvk vlhj1 dksbZ

folkys&;kj2 dk jLrk fn[kk jgh gks tksgekjs gkFk esa fn[krh ugha ydhj dksbZ

u Hkwydj Hkh Hkjkslk djks glhuksa dku bu cqrksa dk [”kqnk gS u budk ihj dksbZ

dHkh&dHkh eq>s lcls vehj yxrk gSxyh ds eksM+ is cSBk gqvk Qdhj dksbZ

dgk¡ ryd ;w¡ vdsys lQj djksxs ^lnk*rqEgkjs lkFk u jgcj u jkgxhj dksbZ

1- dSnh] 2- egcwc ls feyu

10

xqy'ku&xqy'ku ftØ gS mudk]egfQy&egfQy ppkZ gS

tc ls 'kgj esa vk, gSa oks]gaxkek&lk cjik gS

vk¡[ksa tSls xqy ujfxl ds]pky xtkyksa1 tSlh gS

psgjk ns[k ds lkspk lcuspk¡n teha ij mrjk gS

Qhdh gS eqLdku dyh dh]muds rCclqe ds vkxs

dksey&dksey ls xkyksa dk]jax 'kQd ls xgjk gS

lcls lqUnj yxrh gS oks]tks uknhnk lwjr gS

gj bd vk¡[k fVdh gS ml ij]ftl psgjs ij inkZ gS

Hkksyh&Hkkyh lcls U;kjh]lwjfr;k oks I;kjh&I;kjh

vk¡[ks a rd&rd Fkd tkrh gSa]ysfdu fny dc Hkjrk gS

mlus gh lc nnZ fn, tks]<y&<ydj dj gSa xhr cus

bd&bd 'ks*j ^lnk* gS mldk]bd&bd uX+ek mldk gS

1- fgj.kksa


11

oks rks [”kq'kcw gS] gj bd flEr fc[kjuk gS mlsfny dks D;w¡ ftn gS fd vkxks'k1 esa Hkjuk gS mls

D;w¡ lnk igus oks rsjk gh ilanhnk fyckldqN rks ekSle ds eqrkfcd Hkh l¡ojuk gS mls

mldks xqypha2 dh fuxkgksa ls cpk, ekSykoks rks xqUpk gS] vHkh vkSj fu[kjuk gS mls

gj rjQ pkgus okyksa dh fcNh gSa iydsansf[k, dkSu&ls jLrs ls xqtjuk gS mls

fny dks le>k ysa vHkh ls rks equkflc gksxkbd u bd jkst rks okns ls eqdjuk gS mls

geus rLohj gS [+okcksa dh eqdEey dj yh,d jaxs&fguk3 ckdh gS tks Hkjuk gS mls

[+okc esa Hkh dHkh Nwuk rks oT+kw djds ^lnk*dHkh eSyk] dHkh #lok4 ugha djuk gS mls

1- xksn] 2- Qwy pquus okyk] 3- esganh dk jax] 4- cnuke

12

yk[k rdnhj is jks, dksbZ jksus okykflQZ jksus ls rks dqN Hkh ugha gksus okyk

gks'k l¡Hkys rks dEI;wVj is tk cSBs cPpsvc ugha fn[krk eqgYys esa f[kykSus okyk

ckjs&xe1 xqy gS fd iRFkj] gS ;s ekSdwQ2 bl ijfdl lyhds ls bls <ksrk gS <ksus okyk

dksbZ rnchj ;k rk*oht ugha dke vkrhgkfnlk gksrk gS gj gky esa gksus okyk

rw gS 'kk;j rq>s gjfxt u lqgk, jksukrsjk gj v'd gS xhrksa esa fijksus okyk

[k+kSy mBrk gS ygw] ns[k ds viuk ;kjksQLy dks dkVs u tc QLy dks cksus okyk

ekSr dh xksn esa tc rd ugha rw lks tkrkrw ^lnk* pSu ls gjfxt ugha lksus okyk

1- xeksa dk cks>] 2- fuHkZj


13

rchvr j¶r% j¶r%1 [”kwxjs&xe2 gksrh tkrh gSogh jatks&vye3 gSa ij [k+fy'k4 de gksrh tkrh gS

[kq'kh dk oDr gS vkSj vk¡[k iqjue gksrh tkrh gSf[kyh gS èkwi vkSj ckfj'k Hkh Ne&Ne gksrh tkrh gS

mtkyk bYe dk QSyk rks gS pkjksa rjQ ;kjksclhjr5 vkneh dh dqN exj de gksrh tkrh gS

djsa ltnk fdlh cqr dks] xokjk Fkk fdls ysfdutcha6 dks D;k djsa tks [”kqn c [”kqn [k+e7 gksrh tkrh gS

rq>s gS fQØ esjh eq>ls c<+dj ,s esjs ekSykeq>s njdkj8 gS tks 'kS] Qjkge9 gksrh tkrh gS

mBh D;k bd fuxkgs yqRQ10 fQj viuh rjQ ;kjksfd gj VwVh gqbZ mEehn dk;e gksrh tkrh gS

cM+k ?kkVs dk lkSnk gS] ̂ lnk* ;s lk¡l ysuk Hkhc<+s gS mez T;w¡ T;w¡] ftUnxh de gksrh tkrh gS

1- èkhjs&èkhjs] 2- xe dh vknh] 3- nq[k] nnZ] xe] 4- pqHku] 5- fny dh utj] nkukbZ] 6- ekFkk] 7- >qduk] 8- okafNr] tks pkfg,] 9- ,d=k gksuk] feyuk] 10- Ñik n`f"V

14

tku tk, gd1 dh [k+kfrj] vk, tc ckjh fejhdke dqN vk, fejk lj vkSj ljnkjh fejh

D;ksa frjh VwVh lqjkgh] [”kqe2 frjk [kkyh gqvkvkbZ gS tc vkt esjs lkfd;k ckjh esjh

fny dh j[k ds fny esa vius] fny fdlh dk j[k fy;kfny fejk fcfLey3 lgh] rw ns[k fnynkjh fejh

ftØ esjk vk,xk egfQy esa tc&tc nksLrksjks iM+saxs ;kn djds ;kj lc ;kjh fejh

[k+kd gksdj gh feys 'kk;n oQk dk dqN flyk4

vktek tSls jgs gSa oks oQknkjh fejh

eSa flrkjksa dks dHkh dk Nw pqdk gksrk ^lnk*vkbZ vkM+s jkLrs esa cl fd [kq+n~nkjh5 fejh

1- lPpkbZ] 2- ?kM+k] 3- ?kk;y] 4- izfrQy] 5- vkRe lEeku


15

;s xtky1 lh fuxkgsa] ;s 'kckc2] ;s vnk,¡rw rks [kqn gh bd xty gS] rq>s D;k xty lquk,¡

rq>s ,d ckj ns[kk] rks ;s fny us nh nqvk,¡rq>s ckj&ckj ns[ksa] rq>s ns[krs gh tk,¡

;s fl;kgh D;k mrkjs] Nfo :i dh rqEgkjspyks bUnz ls èkuq"k ds] lHkh jax ek¡x yk,¡

frjs yc [kqysa lue tc] rks dyh dks ykt vk,mM+s TkqYQ tc gok esa] rks gksa ljfuxw¡ ?kVk,¡

rw l¡okj TkqYQs & 'kcxw¡3] ;s nks uSu j[k ds vkxsfd etky D;k gekjh] rq>s vkbuk fn[kk,¡

fejs cksy csuok gSa] frjs lkt cs lnk gSapyks lqj esa lqj feyk ds] ubZ cafn'ksa cuk,¡

1- fgjuh] 2- tokuh] 3- jkr tSls jax okyh tqYQ

16

vius ejdt1 ls dV x;k gw¡ eSafdrus fgLlksa esa cV x;k gw¡ eSa

oqlvrs&csdjk¡2 dk fgLlk Fkkbd cnu esa fleV x;k gw¡ eSa

vc Hkh nq'eu gSa yksx D;w¡ esjslcds jLrs ls gV x;k gw¡ eSa

D;k Fkk edln tgk¡ esa vkus dk;w¡ gh vk ds iyV x;k gw¡ eSa

ns[kdj csoQkbZ nqfu;k dhMj ds [”kqn ls fyiV x;k gw¡ eSa

esjh gLrh Fkh bd xqckjs lhD;w¡ gks jksrs tks QV x;k g¡w eSa

1- dsanz] 2- vuUr] vlhe QSyko


17

vc dgk¡ nksLr feysa] lkFk fuHkkus okyslcus lh[ks gSa vc vknkc1 tekus okys

fny tykvks ;k fn, vk¡[kksa ds njokts ijoDr ls igys rks vkrs ugha vkus okys

v'd2 cu ds eSa fuxkgksa esa frjh vkÅ¡xk, eq>s viuh fuxkgksa ls fxjkus okys

oDr cnyk rks mBkrs gSa vc m¡xyh eq> ijdy ryd gd esa fejs gkFk mBkus okys

oDr gj t”[+e dk ejge rks ugha cu ldrknnZ dqN gksrs gSa rk&mez #ykus okys

bd utj ns[k rks etcwfj;k¡ Hkh rw esjh, fejh yfX+t'kksa3 ij vk¡[k fVdkus okys

dkSu dgrk gS] cqjs dke dk Qy Hkh gS cqjkns[k eLun4 iS gSa] efLtn dks fxjkus okys

;s fl;klr gS fd ykur gS fl;klr is ^lnk*[”kqn gSa eqtfje cus dkuwu cukus okys

1- <ax] 2- vk¡lw] 3- xyfr;k¡] 4- vklu] xn~nh

18

g¡lrs&g¡lrs u lgh jks ds gh dV tkus nksdke thus dk fdlh rkSj fuiV tkus nks

esjs fgLls dh tks [kqf'k;k¡ gSa oks cV tkus nksnnsZ&nqfu;k fejs lhus esa fleV tkus nks

:g uk'kkn1 gS D;ks a fQØs&rus&Qkuh2 esaru gS iks'kkd iqjkuh] bls QV tkus nks

lkvrs&oLy3 djhc vk, fdlh Hkh lwjrftUnxh viuh tks ?kVrh gS rks ?kV tkus nks

dc ryd dksbZ jgs jSu clsjs esa ^lnk*vc rks okil eq>s ?kj vius iyV tkus nks

1- uk[kq'k] 2- u'oj 'kjhj dh fpUrk] 3- feyu dh ?kM+h


19

dne&dne is rw , jkg&jkS1 d;ke2 u djeqdkes&;kj ls igys dgha eqdke u dj

frjs fy, rks lHkh eaftysa ejkfgy3 gSajgs ryc ds eqlkfQj lQj reke u dj

;s 'kgj gS] ;gk¡ eryc dh ckr gksrh gSxjt u gks rks iM+kslh ls Hkh dyke4 u dj

yxs u Bsl fdlh fny is cs#[k+h ls frjhHkys gh eafnj&vks&efLtn dk vgrjke5 u dj

u NsM+ ftØ xes&fny dk tk&c&tk rw ^lnk*tks [k+kl muds fy, gS] oks ckr vke u dj

1- ifFkd] 2&3- iM+ko] 4- ckr] 5- lEeku

20

gj ?kM+h bfErgku ysrs gSalkFk fny ds oks tku ysrs gSa

dj xqtjrs gSa ,d fnu vkf[k+jfny esa vkf'kd tks Bku ysrs gSa

bd b'kkjk utj ls gksrk gStkuus okys tku ysrs gSa

vDy ls dqN lykg gksrh gSfQj dgk fny dk eku ysrs gSa

jkst fdl lknxh ls ;s xqy:1

Hkwy djrs gSa] eku ysrs gSa

vk¡[k rks , ^lnk* ugha yxrh;w¡ gh pknj lh rku ysrs gSa

1- Qwy tSls eq[kM+s okys


21

gSa ftruh [+kwclwjr] mruh gh gSa csoQk ns[kks^lnk* cl nwj gh ls bu glhuksa dh vnk ns[kks

edha , 'kS[+k lkgc gj edka esa gS [”kqnk ns[kkscgqr <w¡<k gS dkcs esa] tjk vc cqrdnk1 ns[kks

djks er fQØ ejus dh] fd ejuk rks eqlfYye2 gSexj ejus ls igys ftUnxh dk gj etk ns[kks

bcknr gks jgh gS bl tgk¡ esa dSls dSlksa dh[”kqnk cqr cu ds cSBk gS] cus gSa cqr [”kqnk ns[kks

cqjk lcls ogh gS tks] cqjk vkSjksa dks dgrk gScqjkbZ ns[kus okyks] dHkh rks vkbuk ns[kks

cuk;k vkneh ftlus] dgk¡ gS oks [”kqnk cksykscuk, vkneh us rks gtkjksa gSa [”kqnk ns[kks

cps tqesZ x+q:js ikjlkbZ3 ls Hkh ge okbtets ds lkFk&lkFk bu yfX+t'kksa4 dk Qk;nk ns[kks

vHkh ls D;ksa ijs'kk¡ gks tgk¡ dh dtvnkbZ ijvHkh gS bfCrnk5 ns[kh] vHkh rqe bfUrgk6 ns[kks

[”kqnk dk uke Hkh ysrs pyks] rqe lkFk ds lkFk vcpyh vk, u tkus fdl ?kM+h] fdl iy dtk7 ns[kks

u dqN bYes v:t8 mldks] u gS vgys Tkqck¡9 gh okscuk fQjrk gS ukgd gh ̂ lnk* uX+e%ljk10 ns[kks

1- cqr[kkuk] efUnj] 2- vo';EHkkoh] fuf'pr] 3- ifo=krk ij vfHkeku djus dk iki] 4- NksVh&NksVh xyfr;k¡] 5- 'kq#vkr] 6- vUr] 7- ekSr] 8- mnwZ dk NUn'kkL=k] 9- Hkk"kk tkuus okyk] 10- xhrdkj

22

fn[kk,xh vlj fny dh iqdkj vkfgLrk&vkfgLrkctsaxs vkids fny ds Hkh rkj vkfgLrk&vkfgLrk

fudyrk gS f'kxkQksa1 ls xqckj vkfgLrk&vkfgLrkFkesaxh vk¡[k ls v'dksa dh èkkj vkfgLrk&vkfgLrk

jgh e'ds flre2 tkjh vxj dqN fnu tukc ,slsfeysaxs [kkd esa lc tk¡fulkj3 vkfgLrk&vkfgLrk

eqdn~nj bldk eqj>kuk gh rks gS ckn f[kyus dsdyh ij ;k [”kqnk vk, fu[kkj vkfgLrk&vkfgLrk

cuk gS ukftes4 xqy'ku dksbZ l¸;kn5 vc 'kk;nifjans gks jgs gSa lc Qjkj vkfgLrk&vkfgLrk

eqgCcr ds ejhtksa dk eqnkok6 gS tjk eqf'dymrjrk gS ̂ lnk* budk cq[kkj vkfgLrk&vkfgLrk

1- njkj] 2- tqYe djus dk vH;kl] 3- tku U;ksNkoj djus okys] 4- izcaèkd] 5- fpfM+;k idM+us okyk] 6- bykt


23

rq>dks geus lue [kqnk le>kfdrus uknk¡ Fks] D;k dks D;k le>k

csoQk gksrs gSa] lquk Fkk cqrgk; rq>dks Fkk D;ksa tqnk le>k

ge Nqikrs jgs gquj viusmuds gj ,sc1 dks vnk le>k

dRy gkfde ds Fkk b'kkjs ijvke yksxksa us gkfnlk le>k

lknk fny fdruk Fkk ^lnk* ;kjkstks rxkQqy2 dks Hkh g;k le>k

1- nks"k] 2- mis{kk

24

vc fd tc [+kkfg'ks flyk1 gh ughabl tekus ls dqN fxyk gh ugha

pk¡n iwjk f[kyk rks gS ysfdursjs #[”k dk eqdkfcyk gh ugha

dSls ekusa cgkj vkbZ gSrsjk fpgjk vHkh f[kyk gh ugha

nnsZ fnycj Hkh] nnsZ nÐ2 Hkh gSdSls dg nsa fd dqN feyk gh ugha

vc rks pkds&dQu3 gh fly tk,t[+es&fny rks ^lnk* flyk gh ugha

1- izfrQy] 2- nqfu;k] 3- dQu dh nts± ;k QVu


25

djks nkxs fny1 dh lnk ikLckuh2

eqgCcr dh gS ;s eqdn~nl3 fu'kkuh

feVk ns eq>s xj eSa gw¡ uD+'ks Qkuh4

tks gw¡ uD+'ks vOoy5] cuk uD+'ks lkuh6

vxj cÐ7 rw gS rks gSa cw¡n ge Hkhgeha ls gS , gd8 frjh csdjkuh9

v;k¡10 dj xbZ bd utj jkt fdrusbckjr11 Hkjh Fkh rsjh csTkqckuh

flrkjksa dks ukgd u bYtke nsa vkigS gkyr fejh vkidh fegjckuh

u vk;k dksbZ yk'k mBkus Hkh rsjh^lnk* jax ykbZ frjh gd c;kuh12

1- t[+es fny] 2- j[kokyh] 3- ifo=k] 4- u'oj] 5&6- fp=kdkj dk cuk;k gqvk igyk fp=k uD'ks vOoy vkSj lqèkkj ds ckn cuk fp=k uD'ks lkuh dgykrk gS] 7- leqnz] 8- [”kqnk] 9- vlherk] 10- tkfgj] izdV] 11- 'kCnksa ls Hkjh] 12- lR;okfnrk

26

gS edha1 gj 'kS esa oks] dgrs gks ftldks yk&edk¡2

csclj3 gks rqe lnk] rqedks utj vk, dgk¡

cs [k+lks&[k+k'kkd4 dc gksrk gS rkehj5 vkf'k;k¡6

ckbls7&r[k+jhc8 gS rw] dSls dg nsa , f[+kt+k¡9

yk[k gS bdjke10 rsjk gedks , ealwj11 ijcw¡n dks dSls crk ge] dg nsa cgjs&csdjk¡12

dqN rks gS vglkl gedks viuh dechuh13 dk Hkh, utj gn dks frjh ge dSls dg nsa vkLek¡

gS c'kj14 ekuk exj bUlk¡ rq>s dSls dgsadSls gj iRFkj dks dg nsa , ^lnk* ykys fxjk¡15

1- fuoflr] fuoklh] 2- 'kkfCnd vFkZµftldk dksbZ edk¡ ughaµ[”kqnk ds fy, bLrseky gksrk gS] 3- vaèkk] 4- ?kklQwl] fruds] 5- fuekZ.k] 6- ?kksalyk] 7- dkj.k] 8- [kjkch] rckgh] 9- ir>M+] 10- lEeku] 11- lwQh nk'kZfud ftlus vu vy gd ¼vge czãkfLe½ dk ukjk yxk;k vkSj e`R;qnaM dk Hkkxh gqvk] 12- vFkkg leqnz] 13- utj dh detksjh] 14- vkneh] 15- cgqewY; jRu


27

dqN rks cksy , ̂ lnk* gqvk D;k gSfny tks Fkkek gS] ektjk D;k gS

cqr gSa :Bs] [”kqeks&lqcw1 NwVsvc [”kqnk dks rw <w¡<rk D;k gS

fny ;s VwVk gS lkS nQk ;kjksgkfnlk vkt dqN u;k D;k gS

,d gh nj ls tc feys lc dqNgkFk QSykrk tk&c&tk2 D;k gS

fny rks iRFkj ls l[+r gS rsjkfQj ;s psgjk xqykc lk D;k gS

bd utj [k+kdlkj3 ij Hkh gkstkrk dqN Hkh tukc dk D;k gS

'ks*j dgrk gS [+k+wc rw ojukrsjh vkSdkr , ̂ lnk* D;k gS

1- 'kjkc ds ?kM+s] 2- txg&txg] 3- [”kqn ds fy, bLrseky fd;k tkrk gS ¼fouezrk dk izrhd½

28

cjlha u ekSle esa vk¡[ksalw[kha fdl ds xe esa vk¡[ksa

Fkkg fnyksa dh] vkSt1 mQd2 dhukisa ,d dne esa vk¡[ksa

ge tc lc dqN [kks cSBs gSa<w¡<sa D;k vc ge esa vk¡[ksa

vD+lj my> ds èkks[kk [kk,¡TkqYQ ds ispks & [+ke3 esa vk¡[ksa

fny nsdj gS Hkko pqdk;kcsps u dksbZ de esa vk¡[ksa

[kqyrs&[kqyrs] [kqyrs gSa ycdg nsa lc bd ne esa vk¡[ksa

jksuk gh Hkwy u tk,¡ lnk*e'ds&tCrs&xe6 esa vk¡[ksa

1- Å¡pkbZ] 2- f{kfrt] 3- Vs<+s&es<+s ¼cy½] 4- Nqis gq,] 5- lalkj] 6- izse&O;Fkk Nqikus dh dksf'k'k


29

;w¡ rks bd mez lkFk&lkFk gqbZftLe dh :g ls u ckr gqbZ

D;w¡ [+;kyksa esa jkst vkrs gSabd eqykdkr ftuds lkFk gqbZ

fdruk lkspk Fkk fny yxk,¡xslksprs&lksprs g;kr1 gqbZ

yk[k rkdhn2 gqLu djrk jgkb'd ls [k+kd vgfr;kr3 gqbZ

bd Qdr oLy4 dk u oDr gqvkfnu gqvk jkst] jkst jkr gqbZ

D;k crk,¡ fclkr5 tjsZ dhtjsZ tjsZ ls dk;ukr6 gqbZ

'kk;n vkbZ gS #r pqukoksa dhdy tks dwps esa okjnkr gqbZ

D;k Fkh eqf'dy folkys&gd7 esa ̂ lnk*rq>ls cl jn u rsjh tkr8 gqbZ

1- ftUnxh] 2- psrkouh] 3- lkoèkkuh] 4- feyu] 5- vkSdkr] 6- l`f"V] 7- izHkq feyu] 8- [”kqnh] vge~

30

lc nok,¡ rks gqb±] vc ;s nqvk gks tk,nnZ fgLls dk fejs gn ls flok gks tk,

esjs v'dksa dks oks rklhj1 vrk dj ekSykeSa tks jksÅ¡ rks ejhtksa dks f'kQk2 gks tk,

xqy'kus&jatks&vye3 esa fejs] vk, u f[+ktk¡t+[+e bd lw[ks rks bd t+[+e gjk gks tk,

jkt le>s tks [”kqnh dk] oks [”kqnk dks le>stks [”kqnh gh dks feVk ns] oks [”kqnk gks tk,

, ^lnk* lkFk lnk lp dk rw nsrs jgukftldks gksuk gS [”kQk rq>ls [k+Qk gks tk,

1- vlj] 2- vkjksX; ykHk] 3- nq[k&nnZ ds ckx+


31

Nqirk ugha udkc esa tYok 'kckc1 dkfudys gSa Nu ds rkjksa ls uwj2 vkQrkc3 dk

dqN fny ls vius iwN ds okbt4 gesa crk;w¡ ckj&ckj ns u gokyk fdrkc dk

dkSlj5 ds lkFk&lkFk gS rLuhe6 Hkh oghauD'kk rks [+kwc [khapk gS okbt ljkc7 dk

dc rd ejsaxs vkl esa bUlkQ dh c'kj8

D;w¡ eqarftj9 gS ekSyk rw jksts&fglkc dk

vkxkts10 dk;ukr11 dh Fkh ftlesa nkLrk¡yxrk gS QV x;k gS oks iUuk fdrkc dk

dqN viuk bnZ&fxnZ cny dj fn[kk ^lnk*ukgd i<+k u lcdks lcd bUdykc dk

1- tokuh] 2- izdk'k] 3- lw;Z] 4- èkeksZins'kd] 5- LoxZ esa ,d gkSt] 6- LoxZ dh ,d unh] 7- ekjhfpdk] Qjsc] 8- vkneh] 9- izrh{kd] 10- izkjEHk] 11- l`f"V

32

vkidh vksj bd utj ns[kkfQj u geus bèkj&mèkj ns[kk

bl tgk¡ esa tgk¡] ftèkj ns[kkgeus cspSu gj c'kj1 ns[kk

[”kwc jks;s fyiV ds ge mlls,d rUgk&lk tks 'ktj2 ns[kk

dqy [”kqnkbZ gqbZ fQnk ftl ijgeus bd cqr esa oks gquj ns[kk

vc Hkh gljr gS ns[kus dh mls,d psgjk tks mez Hkj ns[kk

nnZ Hkwyk tqnkbZ dk viukNr is rUgk tks dy dej3 ns[kk

[+okc rkchj <w¡<us fudysmtM+k&mtM+k gj bd uxj ns[kk

yk[k mV~Bs gSa oyoys fny esabd utj dk frjh vlj ns[kk

vc fdlh ls fxyk ugha gS ̂ lnk*fny esa tc ls gS] >k¡d dj ns[kk

1- vkneh] 2- isM+] 3- pk¡n


33

dSlh gdhdr vkSj ;s dSlk etkt1 gSinsZ esa vkbus ds [”kqn vkbZu% lkt2 gS

[k+kfyd3 ls [k+Yd4 gS fd gS [k+kfyd gh [k+Yd [”kqninsZ esa jkt gS fd ;s] inkZ gh jkt gS

Q¡l dj dQl5 esa tkr6 dh] jksrk gS tkj&tkj7

eqV~Bh esa uUgs&eqUus dh] gLrh dk jkt gS

tkfgn8] [”kqnk feys u #dwvkS9&lqtwn10 lsojft'k rks [kwc xks;k] ;s rsjh uekt gS

jger u gks [k+jhn dHkh ikjlkbZ11 lsfdl ntkZ ukeqjkn12 rw , ikdckt13 gS

ukyk&,&fny14 gS ftldks rw le>s lnk&,&lktdc nnsZ&uS15 dks le>k] rw , uSuokt16 gS

gd17 rks felkys&vkbuk] gksrk gS csTkqck¡ckfry18 ds ikl xks;k] Tkqckus&njkt19 gS

gj gQZ xk jgk gS rjUuqe20 esa >wedjcjcr21 gS ;s dksbZ fd ^lnk* dh c;kt22 gS

1- tks okLrfod ugha] 2- njiu cukus okyk] 3- l`"Vk] 4- l`f"V] 5- fiatjk] 6- vge~] 7- tksj&tksj ls] 8- ijgstxkj] 9&10- uekt esa mBuk&cSBuk] 11- la;e] 12- vHkkxk] 13- ifo=k euq";] 14- fny dk #nu] 15- ckalqjh] 16- ckalqjh ctkus okyk] 17- lp] 18- >wB] 19- yEch] 20- y; vkSj ekèkq;Z] 21- cktk] 22- 'ksj fy[kus dh dkWih

34

nks gkFk tksM+dj ;s xqtkfj'k1 tukc gStk;k u dhft,] tks ;s vgns&'kckc2 gS

tkfgj3 gSa pUn tyos rks fiUgk¡4 gtkj gSaxkgs5 utj gS vkbuk] xkgs udkc gS

okbt6 u vgys&fny7 dks] rw dkfQj djkj nsrw i<+ lds dHkh rks] ;s fny Hkh fdrkc gS

vaèkk gqvk gS vkneh nkSyr ds Qsj esans[kks tks xkSj ls rks ;s tj8 Hkh rqjkc9 gS

vk, ugha rks u lgh] ;s rks irk pysuh;r [k+jkc gS fd rchvr [k+jkc gS

jgrk gS nksLrksa ds lnk fny esa rw ̂ lnk*nqfu;k le>rh gS fd rw [k+kuk&[k+jkc10 gS

1- fourh] 2- tokuh] 3- izdV] 4- Nqis gq,] 5- dHkh] 6- èkeksZins'kd] 7- vgys fny ¾ fny okys] vgys fdrkc ¾ fdlh èkeZxzUFk dks ekuus okys tks dkfQj ugha ekus tkrs] 8- lksuk] 9- feV~Vh] 10- cs?kj


36

;knksa ds fQj meM+s cknycjls uSuk Hkhxs vk¡py

ckr pyh gS taxy taxyvgys&'kgj gq, gSa ikxy

gw¡ rks eSa cl cw¡n cjkcjlhus esa lkxj dh gypy

lkxj eaFku rks djok nsaih,xk ij dkSu gykgy

lcls ikd rqEgkjs vk¡lwmlds ckn vk, xaxk&ty

NksM+ ^lnk* lc fQØ tgk¡ dslks tk vc rw vks<+ ds dEcy

35

pkj fnu vkSj gSa ;kjksa ds ;s Msjs ;kjksdy fdlh vkSj ds gksaxs ;s clsjs ;kjks

oDr ds lkFk lHkh uD+'k Hkh feV tk,¡xsoD+r dh jsr is tks geus mdsjs ;kjks

vk¡[k pq¡fèkvkbZ pdkpkSaèk ls dkys èku dhbu mtkyksa ls rks csgrj Fks v¡èksjs ;kjks

rqe bUgsa xhr dgks] uTe dgks ;k fd xtyeSaus dkxt is dqN vk¡lw gSa fc[ksjs ;kjks

jkr [+okcksa esa cukrk gS egy <sj ^lnk*<sj gks tkrs gSa lc lqCg&losjs ;kjks


37

er dg cqjk fdlh dks]tks dksbZ cqjk Hkh gS

cans dh gj [k+rk esa][”kqnk dh jtk Hkh gS

er dj eyky mldk]tks rq>dks feyk ugha

rsjk gS dc ryd oks]tks rq>dks feyk Hkh gS

mldk u jksuk jks rw]tks rq>ls gS fNu x;k

jg tk,xk ;gha is]tks ckdh cpk Hkh gS

rw Hkwydj u nsuk]vnw1 dks Hkh cn~nqvk

rsjk gS tks [”kqnk oks]vnw dk [”kqnk Hkh gS

vkSjksa dh rw fcxkM+ ds]viuh l¡okj er

ftlesa lHkh dk gS Hkyk]rsjk Hkyk Hkh gS

rsjk gh ?kj tyk gks]t:jh ugha ^lnk*

gksxk Hkyk blh esa]xj ,slk gqvk Hkh gS

1- nq'eu

38

lkeus tc gS vkbuk gk srkgj cqjk eq>ls gS Hkyk gksrk

vkneh xj [”kqnk ugha rks D;kvkneh es a rks gS [”k qnk gksrk

vki viuk lokc g S u sdhtqeZ vt [”kqn gh gS ltk gksrk

dkSu d'rh Mqcks lds mldhuk[”kqnk ftldk gS [”kqnk gksrk

oks gh eqtfje gSa] oks gh eqaflQ Hkhnsf[k, D;k gS QS lyk gksrk

oDr vPNk cqjk cukrk g Sdks[k ls dkSu gS cqjk gksrk

[”kqn dks gjfxt cM+k ugha dgrktks gdhdr esa gS cM+k gksrk

Qw¡d nh :g jc us oju% ^lnk*rw Hkh eV~Vh dk Bhdjk gksrk


39

gj 'kS gS dk;ukr1 dh] viuh txg vgecjrj2 dksbZ fdlh ls] u dksbZ fdlh ls de

le>s jtk [”kqnk dh] rks vk¡[ksa gqbZ gSa uetkfgj esa tks ltk Fkh] gdhdr esa Fkk dje3

xkth cM+k gS dksbZ] u NksVk xtyljk4

viuh txg is rsx5 gS] viuh txg dye

bl [k+kdnk¡6 dks nksLrks] dSls dgsa peuxks Qwy gSa dgha&dgha] dk¡Vs dne&dne

lwjt <ys fd pk¡n f[kys gedks D;k [k+cjxqtjs tks 'kkes&xe] rks fQj vk, 'kcs&vye7

ns ds ^lnk* [”kqnk fejs] rw jksduk eq>sxj jkgs&eqLrdhe8 ls HkVdsa fejs dne

1- l`f"V] 2- T;knk] vPNk] 3- Ñik] 4- xty dgus okyk] 5- ryokj] 6- lalkj] 7- nq[kksa dh jkr] 8- lhèkk jkLrk

40

utj dk viuh utfj;k cny ds ns[k tjkrw viuh lksp ls vkxs fudy ds ns[k tjk

[”kqnk dk vDl gj bd 'k[+l esa fn[ksxk rq>s[”kqnh ds tky ls ckgj fudy ds ns[k tjk

rq>s gj vkneh rq>ls gdhj1 fn[krk gSrw vius p'es dk uEcj cny ds ns[k tjk

fejk etkd mM+kus ls igys esjh rjgigu ds ik¡o esa tathj] py ds ns[k tjk

rw flQZ vDy dk gh , c'kj xqyke u cudHkh rks fny ds Hkh dgus is py ds ns[k tjk

yxk pqdk gS cgqr badykc ds ukjsvc bnZ&fxnZ Hkh viuk cny ds ns[k tjk

rq>s yxsxk frjs fny dh rjtqekuh gSrw i<+ ds 'ks*j] ^lnk* dh xty ds ns[k t+jk

1- rqPN


41

vkneh igys rks ykfte gS fd bUlku cusfQj Hkys fgUnw] bZlkbZ ;k eqLyeku cus

lh[k ik;k ugha tks I;kj ds v{kj <kbZD;w¡ jVs osn oks] D;w¡ gkfQts&dqjvku1 cus

fny dh nkSyr gS feyh ftldks] gS oks lcls vehjlksus&pk¡nh ls u gjfxt dksbZ èkuoku cus

v'kZ is gksxh gqdwer frjh 'kk;n ekSykbl teha ij rks dbZ vkSj gSa Hkxoku cus

, ^lnk* mudh u rdyhn2 rw gjfxt djukdjds rdyhn tks gSa lkfgcs&nhoku3 cus

1- dqjvku daB djus okyk] 2- udy] 3- nhoku dk jfp;rk

42

lgj dks gLcs&t:jr1] oks jkr dgrs gSal;kus yksx gSa] eryc dh ckr dgrs gSa

Hkys gh] yk[k gokyksa ds lkFk dgrs gSaexj oks flQZ fdrkcksa dh ckr dgrs gSa

pyks] pyks u pyks] [”kqn&c&[”kqn gS dV tkrkvtc lQj gS ;s ftldks g;kr dgrs gSa

feVk otwn gh viuk rks D;k djsaxs mlsftls ;s vgys&rlOoqQ2 utkr dgrs gSa

;s cs#[kh ls rks rsjh] gtkj csgrj gSafrjh tQkvksa dks ge bYrQkr3 dgrs gSa

rw ns[k] ns[k u ns[k , ^lnk*] fn[ksxk t:joks jkLrk ftls jkgs&fljkr4 dgrs gSa

1- vko';drkuqlkj] 2- lwQh yksx] 3- Ñik,¡] 4- lhèkk jkLrk


43

fd;k D;k , ^lnk* rwus] crk vkdj tekus esaxqtkjh ftUnxh lkjh] Qdr ihus&fiykus esa

vxj Fkk Qwy rks D;w¡ u fc[ksjh gj rjQ [”kq'kcwvxj [k+l Fkk rks dke vkrk] fdlh ds vkf'k;kus esa

rq>s tyuk Fkk rks tyrk] fpjkxs&jkg cudj rwfeyk D;k gS cqrksa ds b'd esa fny dks tykus esa

dHkh iksaNs gSa D;k rwus] fdlh dh vk¡[k ds vk¡lwjgk e'kxwy nkeu dh lQsnh dks cpkus esa

fxyk djrk jgk rw dkfrcs&rdnhj1 ls ukgdfeyk gS tks rq>s] fdruks dks feyrk gS tekus esa

Qjkbt2 ls lnk vius] jgk rw cs[k+cj ysfdudHkh NksM+h u rwus dlj gd viuk trkus esa

crk fdl dke vk,¡xh] frjh ;s nkSyrsa lkjhx¡okbZ ftUnxh lkjh] ftUgsa rwus tqVkus esa

fd, lkS iki ftuds okLrs ukgd ^lnk* rwusgS fdruh dks¶r ns[k mudks] frjh eS¸;r mBkus esa

1- fdLer fy[kus okyk] 2- drZO;

44

jLes&nqfu;k rks fdlh rkSj fuHkkrs tkvksfny ugha feyrs Hkh rks] gkFk feykrs tkvks

dHkh pV~Vku ds lhus ls dHkh ckTkw lscgrs ikuh dh rjg jkg cukrs tkvks

rsx mBrh ugha gS rqels tks tkfye ds f[+kykQgd esa etywe ds vkokt mBkrs tkvks

yksx le>saxs fd gS 'k[+l cM+k 'kkbLrkrqe gj bd ckr is cl ukd p<+krs tkvks

rqe flrkjksa ds Hkjksls is u cSBs jgukviuh rnchj1 ls rdnhj cukrs tkvks

bd u bd jkst jQkdr2 esa cny tk,xhnq'euh dks Hkh lyhds ls fuHkkrs tkvks

vkSj dqN Hkh ugha tc , ^lnk* rqels gksrk'ks*j fy[k&fy[k ds tekus dks lqukrs tkvks

1- esgur] 2- nksLrh


45

eatjs&#[k+lrs&fnynkj1 Hkqyk;k u x;kfny dbZ jkst ryd jkg is yk;k u x;k

[+kku%&,&fny2 dh rckgh dk nsa bYtke fdlsvkids ckn ;gk¡ dksbZ Hkh vk;k u x;k

[k+kd rLohj eqlfOoj3 ls cusxh rsjhnwljk rq>&lk [”kqnk ls Hkh cuk;k u x;k

ns x;k [+kwc ltk eq>dks dksbZ djds eqvkQlj >qdk ,sls fd rk&mez mBk;k u x;k

yk[k nqfu;k us fejs 'ks*j is nh nkn rks D;kftldh [k+kfrj Fkk fy[kk mldks lquk;k u x;k

oDr ds lkFk ^lnk* cnys rvkYyqd fdrusrc xys feyrs Fks] vc gkFk feyk;k u x;k

1- izseh ls fcNqM+us dk n`';] 2- fny:ih ?kj] 3- fp=kdkj

46

gkFkksa esa xj gS tke rks yc is nqvk Hkh gSbl e;dns esa tkfgnks ftØs&[”kqnk Hkh gS

buvke Hkh gS b'd] vxjps ltk Hkh gSyTtr gS dqN rfi'k esa] [k+fy'k esa etk Hkh gS

:Bh gS nqfu;k lkjh frjs :Bus ds ckntc rqe cny x, gks rks cnyh gok Hkh gS

bruh&lh ckr vkbZ u okbt le> rq>srsjk gS tks [”kqnk oks gekjk [”kqnk Hkh gS

fy[k&fy[k ds dkys dj fn, iUus rks cs'kqekjbd 'ks*j us frjs fdlh fny dks Nqvk Hkh gS

ekStwn gj txg is gS] fn[krk dgha ughavUnj Hkh gS gekjs oks gels tqnk Hkh gS

lp lp crk ^lnk* rw] fxjsck¡ esa >k¡d djrsjh fuxkg esa dksbZ rq>ls cqjk Hkh gS


47

fuxkg [”kqn is fVdh Fkh rks vkSj D;k fn[krktks [”kqnuqek1 Fkk] mls fdlfy, [”kqnk fn[krk

fn[kh u dkcs esa okbt rqEgsa >yd mldhgesa rks cqr esa Hkh gS tYo%&,&[”kqnk fn[krk

iM+k gS vDy rqEgkjh is equfdjks2 inkZrqEgsa gj ,d dfj'ek gS gkfnlk fn[krk

gtkj ckj gS p'ek cny ds ns[k fy;kgesa rks tj3 Hkh gS ;kjks rqjkc4 lk fn[krk

fuxkg ns[kus okyh vxj e;Llj5 gksrks tjkZ tjkZ gS fQj vkQrkc&lk fn[krk

dksbZ gS <w¡< jgk] dksgks&n'r6 esa mldksfdlh dks fny gh esa] tYok gS rwj dk fn[krk

ryc [”kqnk ls ^lnk* Fkh] ryc [”kqnk dh u Fkhryc [”kqnk dh tks gksrh rks tk&c&tk fn[krk

1- viuk cM+Iiu fn[kkus okyk ¼?keaMh½] 2- ukfLrd] 3- lksuk] 4- feV~Vh] 5- izkIr] 6- igkM+&taxy]

48

dkuwu lc fdrkcksa esa lM+&lM+ ds xy x,felysa ogha dh gSa ogha] eqaflQ cny x,

cjoDr eLysgkr ds lk¡pksa esa <y x,lkjs mlwy gLcs&t:jr cny x,

pyuk ftUgksaus lh[kk Fkk] maxyh fejh idM+[kq'k gw¡ fd vkt eq>ls gSa vkxs fudy x,

fdLer fejh dh gS [+krk] mudk gS D;k dqlwjcnys fejs flrkjs rks] oks Hkh cny x,

ppkZ xty esa dSls gks] muds teky dkvYQkt ls [+;ky gSa vkxs fudy x,

iwjh gqb± u pUn mEehnsa ^lnk* rks D;k[k+n'ks gtkj Hkh rks fcu vk, gSa Vy x,


49

th esa gS rksM+ nsa lqcw1]vkSj fxjk nsa tke ;s

rw gh ugha rk s fdlfy,vkbZ gS vkt 'kke ;s

tke u fxu fiyk, tkgks'k esa tc ryd gSa ge

rq>dks u Hkk, lkfd;k]eqgrflcksa2 dk dke ;s

oDrs fonkv lkfd;k]fjUn3 frjs djsa nqvk

[”kqe4 ;s lnk Hkjs jgsa]nkSj pysa eqnke5 ;s

eSaus mls ft;k Hkh gSgjQ gS tks jde6 fd;k

thLr7 fejh ls gS tqM+knksLr fejk dyke ;s

fQØs&lq[k+u8 ls D;k feyk]cksy fdlh dks , ^lnk*

fQØs&evk'k9 dj tjkNksM+ ds vc rw dke ;s

1- 'kjkc dk crZu] 2- fglkc djus okys] 3- 'kjkch] eyax] 4- 'kjkc dk eVdk] 5- fujUrj] 6- fy[kuk] 7- thou] 8- 'kk;jh] 9- vkthfodk dk cankscLr

50ftLe tc rd Quk ugha gksrk

nn Z fny ls t qnk ugh a gk srk

budh dlesa [”kqnk dh >wBh gSa

bu cqrks a dk [”k qnk ugha gk srk

yk[k u[kjs cqrksa ls gksrs gSa

,d dkjs oQk ugha gksrk

eq>dks uhpk fn[kk ds nksLr fejs

dn rqEgkjk cM+k ugha gksrk

Q+tZ csVs ds lc fuHkk dj Hkh

dtZ + ek a dk vnk ugh a gk srk

thLr rUgk frjs cxSj djsa

gel s rk s gk Slyk ugh a gk srk

gel s e ku k x qu kg g k sr k g S

mldh eth Z fcuk ugh a gk srk

dqN rks vk¡[kksa ls Hkh fiykbZ gS

e; ls bruk u'kk ugha gk srk

D;k tekus dks QdZ iM+uk Fkk

rw vxj , ^lnk* ugha gksrk


51

x+e ls fnyks&ftxj fejs] [+kwxj gSa gks x,[kk&[kk ds pksVsa oDr dh] iRFkj gSa gks x,

#rcs Fks e;xqlkjksa ds] ekuk tqnk&tqnknks ?kw¡V ih ds lkjs] cjkcj gSa gks x,

VqdM+s Qdr Fks dk¡p ds] ;w¡ rks ;s lc fxykllkdh us ftudks Nqvk oks lkxj gSa gks x,

fdLer tqnk&tqnk Fkh] yqVsjksa dh fdl dnjdqN ea=kh cus gSa] dqN vUnj gSa gks x,

tc dkys dkjukes] Nqikuk gqvk eqgkydkys igu ds diM+s] dyUnj gSa gks x,

HkVdsaxs nSjks&dkck esa tkus oks dc rydtks fjan rsjh cTe ls ckgj gSa gks x,

fdLer fQjh rks lcus fuxkgsa gSa Qsj yhfnycj Fks tks dHkh oks flrexj gSa gks x,

dk;e gS vke yksxksa esa b[+ykl vHkh rydfQjdkijLr pkgs ;s jgcj gSa gks x,

rkjhQ ;kj yksxksa dh cl gS ;gh ̂ lnk*dqN vkSj dj u ik, rks] 'kk;j gSa gks x,

52

tx ls Nqi dj jks ysukuSu vius fQj èkks ysuk

nq[k viuk [”kqn <ks ysuklq[k esa lax lcdks ysuk

rUgk1 dVs dc thou iFklkFk fdlh ds gks ysuk

vk¡lw ugha eksrh gSa ;sbuds xhr fijks ysuk

iksaN ds vkSjksa ds vk¡lwvk¡py viuk fHkxks ysuk

jksuk ugha ulhc ftUgsamuds fy, Hkh jks ysuk

thrs th uhan dgk¡ ̂ lnk*ej ds th Hkj lks ysuk

1- vdsys


53

lkfd;k yqRQ e; dk tc vk,tke ij tke csryc1 vk,

rqe u feyrs vxj rks ;w¡ yxrkge tekus esa cslcc2 vk,

'k[+l bd ls Fkha jkSudsa lkjhoks tc vk;k yxk fd lc vk,

j'd3 ls pk¡n ty mBk fdrukcke4 ij tc oks ,d 'kc5 vk,

ftUnxh rw rks csoQk fudyhekSr Hkh dkSu tkus dc vk,

dc ryd ekSr ls jgsa Mjrsdy gS vkuk ftls oks vc vk,

ckr okbt6 dh eku ysa dSlsfcu fi;s pSu gedks dc vk,

yc gksa lw[ks rks , ^lnk* dSlsgQsZ rkSck7 Hkh tsjs yc8 vk,

1- fcu ek¡xs] 2- vdkj.k] 3- bZ";kZ] 4- Nr] 5- jkf=k] 6- èkeksZins'kd] 7- fdlh dke ls ckt vkus dh izfrKk] 8- gksaBksa esa

54

nnsZ ftxj fdlh dks crk;k u tk,xk;s nkx1 pkj%xj2 dks fn[kk;k u tk,xk

vglku djds vki rks Qkfjx3 gq, tukc;s ckjs yqRQ4 gels mBk;k u tk,xk

fny dks rks jksd ysaxs] fuxkgksa dk D;k djsage ls rks jkts b'd Nqik;k u tk,xk

j[k ik¡o jkgs 'kkSd5 is] lks ckj lkspdjbl jg xqtj ls ykSV ds vk;k u tk,xk

rksM+k ftUgksaus fny esjk] vius gh yksx Fks;s gkfnlk fdlh dks crk;k uk tk,xk

;knksa dks viuh fny esa fejs jgus nhft,?kj ;s mtM+ x;k rks clk;k u tk,xk

uqDr%jlksa6 dh HkhM+ gS] Mjrk gw¡ , ^lnk*egfQy esa ,slh 'ks*j] lquk;k u tk,xk

1- t[+e] 2- mipkjd] 3- eqDr] csfQØ] 4- ÑikHkkj] 5- b'd] 6- dkO;eeZK] ckjhfd;k¡ le>us okys


55

fny x;k tku xbZ] ftLe dh ckjh gSejuk fdLrksa esa gh fdLer esa gekjh gS

D;w¡ gS cspSu rch;r esjh vkt bruhfgtz1 dh jkr rks lkS ckj xqtkjh gS

nnsZ fny D;k gS cyk ge Hkh le>rs gSaftUnxh geus Hkh jks&jks ds xqtkjh gS

lkFk nsxk fejh vk¡[kksa dk dgk¡ rd rwD;k bjknk frjk , vczs cgkjh2 gS

ekSles fgtz x;k oLy3 dh #r vkbZèkkj v'dksa dh exj vk¡[k ls tkjh gS

lqCg gljr Hkjh utjksa ls fugkjk Fkkjkr jks&jks ds utj mudh mrkjh gS

fny dh vk¡[kksa us eqTtfle4 mls ns[kk gSftldh vYQkt5 us rLohj mrkjh gS

tk rw edry6 dh rjQ , ̂lnk* èkt7 ls vcvkbZ tc vkt frjh ejus dh ckjh gS

1- fojg] 2- cgkj ds ekSle dk ckny] 3- feyu] 4- l'kjhj] LFkwy :i esa] lkdkj] 5- y¶t ¼'kCn½ dk cgqopu] 6- oèkLFky] 7- 'kku

56

ihus nks tkfgnks1] ihus dh ?kM+h gSmez bcknr2 ds fy, <sj iM+h gS

lkfd;k D;w¡ [”kqe3 mBkus dh iM+h gSu deh e; dh gS u gedks p<+h gS

rkSck ds ckn gS gky viuk ;s lkdhtke Nydk rks Nyd vk¡[k iM+h gS

de u dj lkt dh y; rw vHkh eqrfjc4

lqCg gksus esa vHkh nsj cM+h gS

ukprs gSa lc b'kkjs is mUgha dsikl muds dksbZ tknw dh NM+h gS

ns[krs D;k ^lnk* oks eqf'dysa rsjhyfX+t'kksa5 is rsjh vk¡[k mudh xM+h gS

1- ikdckt&ijgstxkj] 2- iwtk&ikB] 3- ?kM+k] 4- laxhrdkj] 5- NksVh&eksVh xyfr;k¡


57

rxkQqy1 frjk xks xokjk u Fkkfrjs fcu gekjk xqtkjk u Fkk

Hkjh cTe esa xks iqdkjk u Fkkutj ls exj dc b'kkjk u Fkk

cM+s ckoQk2 Fks] fejs ;kj lceqlhcr esa tc rd iqdkjk u Fkk

ycs uk[”kqnk3 is Fkk ukes [”kqnkfd tc nLrjl4 esa fdukjk u Fkk

'kcs oLy5 Fkk cl ;gh bd eykyfd cl esa lgj dk flrkjk6 u Fkk

jgk ftUnxh ls ̂ lnk* ;s fxykfd nkSjs tokuh nqckjk u Fkk

1- mis{kk] 2- oQknkj] 3- ukfod ds gksaB] 4- igq¡p] 5- feyu&jkf=k] 6- izkr% dk rkjk ;kfu lw;Z

58

gkflys vtsZ eqn~nvk1 D;k Fkklaxfny2 is vlj gqvk D;k Fkk

dqN fejk fny gh j[k fy;k gksrkoju% vgns oQk3 frjk D;k Fkk

ge u ltnk rq>s vxj djrs, lue rsjk ejrck4 D;k Fkk

;kn vkus yxk eqlhcr esaoju% b'kjr5 esa oks [”kqnk D;k Fkk

gj dgk vkidk lj vk¡[kksa ijnwljk dqN Hkh jkLrk D;k Fkk

vPNksa dh ns[k yh gS vPNkbZ vc cqjksa esa crk cqjk D;k Fkk

mudh utjs dje gqbZ rqe ijoju% rw , ^lnk* crk D;k Fkk

1- xjt] vFkZ] vk'k;] 2- iRFkjfny] 3- fuHkkus dk iz.k] 4- #rck] 5- lq[k] oSHko


59

uhan vkbZ gh ugha gedks u iwNks dc lsvk¡[k yxrh gh ugha] fny gS yxk;k tc ls

mudks egcwc dgsa ;k fd jdhc vc viukmudks Hkh I;kj gqvk tk, gS viuh Nc ls

v'd vk¡[kksa ls fejh fudys eqlYly1 ysfdumlus bd gQsZ rlYyh u fudkyk yc ls

fny fl[kkrk gS lc vknkc eqgCcr ds [”kqn;s lcd lh[kk ugha tkrk fdlh eDrc2 ls

viuh mnwZ rks eqgCcr dh tq+cka Fkh I;kjsmQ+ fl;klr us bls tksM+ fn;k et+gc ls

eSa Hkh rks ns[kw¡ xjt ls >qdh vk¡[ksa mu dhdk'k vk,¡ oks fejs ikl dHkh eryc ls

HkhM+ ge tSlks a dh jgrh gS ges'kk ;w¡ rksjks'kuh gksrh gS egfQy esa cl bd dkSdc5 ls

esjh vk¡[kk s a ds fy, jks'kuh ls gS c<+djrsjh tqYQksa dh fl;kgh tks gS xgjh 'kc ls

lh[k uQjr dh u ns , ^lnk* etgc dksbZgS mlwy viuk fd, tkvks eqgCcr lc ls

1- yxkrkj] 2- ikB'kkyk] 3- if'pe] 4- flrkjk

60

nqfu;k esa jg ds nqfu;k esa]'kkfey ugha gw¡ eSa

yxrk gS bl tgku ds]dkfcy ugha gw¡ eSa

NhaVs fejh dck1 is gSa]esjs gh [”kwu ds

eDrwy2 gw¡ eSa nksLrks]dkfry ugha gw¡ eSa

fdl gd ls jksd yw¡ rq>s]vks tkus okys eSa

lkFkh frjk lgh] frjh]eafty ugha gw¡ eSa

[+kSjkr tku dj eq>s]nsrs gks nhn3 D;w¡

vkf'kd gw¡ eSa tukc dk]lkby4 ugha gw¡ eSa

fdLer esa esjh fy[kh gSa]nj&nj dh Bksdjsa

xnsZ&lQj gw¡] jkSuds&egfQy ugha gw¡ eSa

1- iks'kkd] 2- ftldk dRy fd;k x;k gks] 3- n'kZu] 4- fHk[kkjh


feyuk gS [k+kd esa eq>s]dgrk gS ftLe ;s

nsrk gS fny lnk fd]Qdr fxy1 ugha gw¡ eSa

fQØs lq[+ku2 dks NksM+ ds]vkrk gS D;k eq>s

gjpan bl gquj esa Hkh]dkfey3 ugha gw¡ eSa

;w¡ rks deh ugha gS]fdlh pht dh eq>s

gjfxt frjs cxSj]eqdfEey ugha gw¡ eSa

vxyk dne mBk rw]^lnk* fny ls iwNdj

vc vDy dh lykg dk]dk;y ugha gw¡ eSa

1- feV~Vh] 2- 'kk;jh] 3- fl)gLr

61

eSa rks vk x;k gw¡ lkdhrq>s feyus ds cgkus

eq>s e; gh xj Fkh ihuhrks Fks lkS 'kjkc[+kkus

rq>s dkSu , flrexj1

gS tQk ls jksd ldrkdgs dkSu fctfy;ksa ls

u tykvks vkf'k;kus

frjh vk¡[k esa u'kk gSdgha c<+ ds e; ls lkdh

rw fc[ksj ns fuxkgsarks gksa cUn ckn%[+kkus2

ugha dSn vc txg dhfn;k tc ls rwus Bqdjk

frjs nj dh Fkk tks BksdjgSa vc mlds lkS fBdkus

fejs nksLr Fks fd nq'euFkh ^lnk* lHkh dks tYnh

eSa vHkh ejk ugha Fkkfd lc vk x, mBkus

1- vR;kpkjh] 2- 'kjkc[kkus


62

fny gljrksa ls tc fejk]ekewj1 gks x;k

fiUnkj2 dk u'kk tks Fkk]dkQwj3 gks x;k

tkfgn4 tc vius Tkqgn5 iSex:j6 gks x;k

eSa viuh yfX+t'kkr7 dke'kdwj8 gks x;k

vk¡[ksa u phj ikb±]gnwns&utj9 dHkh

iydsa gqb± tks cUn rks]fny rwj10 gks x;k

thus dk D;k tokt11

ils rfDeyk, & tkr12

'kk;n 'kghn bl fy,ealwj gks x;k

fQØs&lq[+ku13 esa lQZ14 dhrwus ^lnk* g;kr15

vkSj cSBs&cSBs dksbZ gSe'kgwj gks x;k

1- Hkjuk] 2- [kqnh] vge] 3- mM+ tkuk] 4- ijgstxkj] 5- ijgst] la;e] 6- vfHkekuh] 7- x”yfr;ksa] 8- vkHkkjh] 9- utj dh lhek,¡] 10- og ioZr tgk¡ gtjr ewlk us [”kqnk dk tYok ns[kk] 11- vkSfpR;] 12- vkReflf)] 13- 'kk;jh] 14- [kpZ] 15- ftUnxh

63

lwnks&ft;k¡1 dk b'd esa j[krs fglkc gSafdrus xjhc fny ds ;s vgys&fulkc2 gSa

dk¡Vksa cxSj dc dgha feyrs xqykc gSaxe ds fcuk eljZrsa3] le>ks ljkc gSa

ge rks nqgkbZ nsaxs tgkyr4 dh gJ esaoks D;k tokc nsaxs tks vgys&fdrkc5 gSa

[k+yor6 esa mudh gjdrsa] cl gels iwfN,nqfu;k dh tks fuxkg esa bT+tr evkc7 gSa

bd 'k[+l gh ls flQZ gSa] eUlwc8 lc ds lcvk, tks ftUnxh esa fejh bUdykc gSa

bd fny esa xj feyh u] txg , ^lnk* rks D;krq>ls Hkh c<+ ds nqfu;k esa [k+kuk&[k+jkc9 gSa

1- uQk&uqdlku] 2- iw¡thifr] 3- [kqf'k;k¡] 4- vKkurk] 5- oks leqnk; tks fdlh fdrkc ij fo'okl j[ks tSlsµeqlyeku] bZlkbZ vkfn] 6- ,dkar] 7- izfrf"Br] 8- lEcfUèkr] 9- cs?kj] vkokjk


64

okbt rw NksM+ vc rksvnkor1 dk jkLrk

etgc dh vkM+ esa ;s]fl;klr dk jkLrk

ekcwn2 gS fejk Hkh]tks eLtwn3 gS frjk

ekuk tqnk&tqnk gS]bcknr4 dk jkLrk

fny esa tks gS edha5 mls]dkcs esa <w¡< er

tkfgn tjk cny rw]ft;kjr6 dk jkLrk

gedks folkys&gd7 esa]xokjk ugha gS nsj

yEck cgqr gS rsjk]'kjhvr dk jkLrk

[+kkfyd8 ls gS folky dh]okbt ryc vxj

dj bf[+r;kj f[+kners&[k+ydr9 dk jkLrk

1- nq'euh] 2- vkjkè;] 3- ftldks ltnk fd;k tk,] 4- iwtk] cUnxh] 5- fuoflr] 6- rhFkZ&;k=kk] 7- izHkq&feyu] 8- l`"Vk] 9- l`f"V ds thoksa dh lsok

rqedks ;s jkgs&Tkqgn1]eqckfjd gks tkfgnks2

gedks gS jkl vk;k]eqgCcr dk jkLrk

gj flEr ls lqxaèk dh]vken peu esa gks

jksds u dksbZ nksLrks]udgr3 dk jkLrk

efLtn dks NksM+ dj tks u]vk;k x;k dgha

ns[kks fn[kk jgk gS oks]tUur dk jkLrk

fdruh teh gS èkwy]frjh :g ij ̂ lnk*

r; djrs&djrs dks[k ls]rqjcr4 dk jkLrk

1- la;e vkSj ijgst+] 2- la;eh] ijgst+xkj] 3- [kq'kcw] 4- dcz


65

D;w¡ ;s gljr Fkh fny yxkus dhFkh u fgEer vxj fuHkkus dh

ek¡xdj gels ys fy;k gksrkD;k t:jr Fkh fny pqjkus dh

dkSu vk,xk Hkwydj jLrkfny dks D;w¡ ftn gS ?kj ltkus dh

vc ugha vkl dqN fjgkbZ dhckr NsM+ks u vkf'k;kus dh

jax rqe Hkh cnyrs gks iy&iy[+kwc rLohj gks tekus dh

cqr gks dkck gks ;k dyhlk1 gksgedks vknr gS lj >qdkus dh

rqeus balkQ dqN fd;k ,slsxks vnkyr gks bl tekus dh

D;k etk muls :Bus dk ̂ lnk*ftudks Qqjlr ugha eukus dh

1- fxfjtk?kj

66

dqN rks rLdhus1 bTrjkc2 feysoks ugha feyrs rks 'kjkc feys

eSa leanj esa Hkh jgk I;klkvkc3 esa Hkh eq>s ljkc4 feys

eq¡g yxh NwVrh ugha okbt5

vc tks feyuk gS lks vtkc6 feys

pwe yw¡ eSa ojd&ojd mldkrsjs psgjs ls tks fdrkc feys

ftUnxh] ftUnxh lh yxrh gSvki tc ls gesa tukc feys

dkSu rkchj7 dh djs fparkfQj ls dksbZ glhu [+okc feys

fnu bcknr esa gks xqtj ;k jcoDrs & ex+jc8 exj 'kjkc feys

;k [”kqnk fny feys 'ktj9 tSlkxe tks eq>dks gSa csfglkc feys

1- lkaRouk] jkgr] 2- cspSuh] 3- ikuh] 4- e`xr`".kk] Nykok] 5- èkeksZins'kd] 6- ltk] 7- LoIu&Qy] 8- 'kke] 9- isM+


[kqy ds jksuk Hkh dc ulhc gqvkfQj u ;s gfLr,&gqckc1 feys

fny ds fudys xjhc lcds lcgedks tks lkfgcs&fulkc2 feys

dqN rks igys gh nj&c&nj Fkk ^lnk*nksLr Hkh [+kkuqek¡&[k+jkc3 feys

1- cqycqys tSlk thou] 2- iw¡thifr] 3- cs?kj] vkokjk


67

pyks fd ge Hkh tekus ds lkFk pyrs gSaugha cnyrk tekuk rks ge cnyrs gSa

fdlh dks dnz ugha gS gekjh dnzksa dhpyks fd vkt ;s dnzsa lHkh cnyrs gSa

cqyk jgh gSa gesa rfY[k+;k¡ gdhdr dh[+;kyks&[+okc dh nqfu;k ls vc fudyrs gSa

cq>h gS vkx dHkh isV dh mlwyksa ls;s muls iwfN, tks xfnZ'kksa esa iyrs gSa

mUgsa u rksfy, rgthc ds rjkTkw esa?kjksa esa ftuds u pwYgs u nhi tyrs gSa

tjk&lh vkl Hkh rkchj dh ugha ftudksfnyksa esa [+okc oks D;k lkspdj epyrs gSa

gesa u jkl tekus dh egfQysa vkb±pyks fd NksM+ ds vc bl tgk¡ dks pyrs gSa

fetkt rsjs x+eksa dk ^lnk* fujkyk gSdHkh xty rks dHkh xhr cu ds <yrs gSa

68

fny u ekuk]euk ds ns[k fy;kyk[k le>k&cq>k ds ns[k fy;k

oks tks ewlk us rwj ij ns[kkgeus inkZ gVk ds ns[k fy;k

yksx dgrs gSa fny yxkuk ftlsjksx oks Hkh yxk ds ns[k fy;k

csoQkbZ gS rsjh jx&jx esavktek] vktek ds ns[k fy;k

t+[+e fny dk gS yknok1 ;kjkspkj%xj2 dks fn[kk ds ns[k fy;k

muls fuHkrk ugha dksbZ fj'rknksLr] nq'eu cuk ds ns[k fy;k

mudk utjsa pqjk ds ns[kuk Hkh muls utjsa pqjk ds ns[k fy;k

1- ykbykt] 2- mipkjd


69

lcls I;kjk gS I;kj dk fj'rktku ls tka&fulkj1 dk fj'rk

gels fj'rk gqtwj oks jf[k,tks xys ls gS gkj dk fj'rk

vkjTkw2 us frjh fuHkk;k gSmez Hkj bUrtkj dk fj'rk

ftldh rLnhd3 fny Hkh djrk gksgS ogh ,frckj dk fj'rk

xqy f[+ktkvksa esa lkFk NksM+ x,xqy ls vPNk Fkk [+kkj dk fj'rk

ge ftls nksLrh le> cSBsFkk Qdr dkjksckj dk fj'rk

lcdh eafty tqnk&tqnk fudyhlcls Fkk jgxqtkj4 dk fj'rk

nsf[k, fdrus jkst fuHkrk gSgels ml xqy&vtkj5 dk fj'rk

ftLe dh :g ls jgh vucuFkk pyks ,d ckj dk fj'rk

vgys&gd6 dks jgs [+;ky ^lnk*[k+kl gS gd ls nkj7 dk fj'rk

1- izk.k U;ksNkoj djus okyk] 2- dkeuk] 3- iqf"V] 4- jkLrk] 5- Qwyksa tSls jax okyh] 6- lp cksyus okys] 7- lwyh

70

cyk ls viuh vc vkrh jgs cgkj dHkhdyh is lw[kh] u vk,xk fQj fu[kkj dHkh

gtkj cdZ1 fxjs] yk[k vkf'k;kus tysa#ds u xqy'kus&gLrh dk dkjksckj dHkh

gj bd fuxkg fugkjs] u, f'kxwQksa2 dkslqus u dksbZ xqys & tnZ dh iqdkj dHkh

cpsxk vk¡[k ls xqypha3 dh dc ryd vkf[k+jugha gS Qwy dh gLrh dk ,sfrckj dHkh

futkes&ckx vc , ckxcka cny dqN rksdyh dks] Qwy dks ns dqN rks bf[+r;kj dHkh

le> ds lw[kk gqvk Qwy ftldks Qsad fn;kFkk oks ^lnk* Hkh fdlh ds xys dk gkj dHkh

1- fctyh] 2- ubZ f[kyh dfy;k¡] 3- Qwy chuus okyk


71

xjtr cjlr vk, cnjkfcjgu dks rM+ik, cnjk

vk¡[k&fepkSyh [ksys ge lsfcu cjls mM+ tk, cnjk

[”kqn lkxj dk uhj pqjkdjukgd 'kksj epk, cnjk

cLrh dk ?kj&?kj gS I;klkfdl&fdl Nr ij tk, cnjk

dc èkjrh dh I;kl cq>sxhdc rd uhj cgk, cnjk

[kwc fl;klr lh[k x;k gSeqQfyl dk ?kj <k, cnjk

vc rks cl dj , p'es&rjdc rd lkFk fuHkk, cnjk

lkSru ds ?kj tedj cjlsvkSj eq>s rjlk, cnjk

eq> fcjgu dk gky fi;k dkstkdj dk'k lquk, cnjk


72

lkxj ftruk xgjk gS mruk Bgjk Bgjk gS

dkuwu tUe ls vUèkkeq¡flQ Hkh dqN cgjk gS

yk'ksa ftruh <+sj gqbZijpe mruk ygjk gS

ckgj dqN vkSj vanj dqNfpgjs ij bd fpgjk gS

pkjkxj dk cl u pykt[e T;knk xgjk gS

lksus esa vjeku rqysavk;k oDr lqugjk gS

uSuksa dk ty lw[k x;klgus fny vc lgjk gS

dc ysrs ge lk¡l ^lnk*oDr dHkh D;k Bgjk gS

D˘îC*

73

;w¡ rks mudks gS lkS nQk ns[kkgj nQk dqN u dqN u;k ns[kk

?kj vehjksa ds Fks cM+s ekukfny xjhcksa dk ij cM+k ns[kk

ns[k vk¡[kksa dh cnulhch ns[kbd u bd jkst gkfnlk ns[kk

[+kwc:1 rks gtkj ns[ks gSarsjs tSlk u dt vnk2 ns[kk

;s Hkh rkSghn3 gh rks gS okbtgeus gj cqr esa gS [”kqnk ns[kk

dkSu rq> lk gS [”kq'kulhc ̂ lnk*ftlus gj xe dk gS etk ns[kk

1- glhu] 2- Vs<+k] 3- v}Sr

nqvk

nkSyr tgk¡ dh eq>dks rw] esjs [”kqnk u nsiwjh gksa cl t:jrsa] mlds flok u ns

rsjh jtk1 esa [”kq'k jgw¡] rkSQhd2 bruh nsikuh Hkys u ns eq>s] cs'kd gok u ns

nqfu;k dh lc eykersa3] eq>dks dqcwy gSaysfdu utj ls viuh rw] eq>dks fxjk u ns

vk,¡ u ,sc esjs] tgk¡ ls utj eq>seLun4 is ,slh eq>dks rw] ekSyk fcBk u ns

vkSdkr Hkwy tkÅ¡ eSa viuh tgk¡ igq¡pgjfxt fejs [”kqnk eq>s] oks ejrck5 u ns

csxkuk6 gks u tkÅ¡] frjh ;kn ls dgha'kqgjr gS uke ftldk] eq>s oks cyk u ns

bl ckj c[+'k ns] fejs ekSyk ^lnk* dks rwdSns fglkjs tkr7 dh] fQj ls ltk u ns

1- bPNk] 2- lkeF;Z] 3- HkRlZuk] 4- vklu] r[r] 5- ntkZ] 6- vutku] 7- [”kqnh ¼vge~½ dk fdyk ;kfu 'kjhj


gEn

rq>ls fejs [”kqnk eSa] xqtkfj'k1 d:¡ rks D;klc dqN rks gS feyk eq>s] [+okfg'k d:¡ rks D;k

xe Hkh fn;k tks oks Hkh Fkk] esjs fy, eqQhn2

f'kdok d:¡ rks D;k d:¡] ukfy'k3 d:¡ rks D;k

jger is rsjh gd gS] vuhlks&vnw4 dk Hkhvius gh gd esa flQZ] flQkfj'k d:¡ rks D;k

yqRQks&dje5 dk rsjs] Tkqck¡ ls gks dc 'kqekj6

;k jc vnk,&'kqØs&uokft+'k7 d:¡ rks D;k

r'kchg8 vkSj felkyksa ls] vk, nqbZ9 dh cw;Drk10 gS ;k [”kqnk rw] lrkb'k11 d:¡ rks D;k

[”kyor12 esa gh etk gS] bcknr13 dk ;k [kqnkcUnks a ds lkeus eSa] uqekb'k d:¡ rks D;k

1- fourh] 2- ykHknk;d] 3- Qfj;kn] 4- nksLr vkSj nq'eu] 5- esgjckfu;k¡] 6- fxurh] 7- vuqdaikvksa ds fy, èkU;okn] 8- miek] 9- }Srokn] 10- vf}rh;] 11- xq.kxku] 12- ,dkar] 13- iwtk

vkSj D;k pkfg, thus ds fy,

dkSu lh 'kS ls gS nqfu;k frjh eg:e1 crkvkSj D;k pkfg, thus ds fy, cksy tjk

vkt Hkh jkg frjh ns[k jgk gS dksbZvkt Hkh tyrs gSa vk¡[kksa ds fn;s rsjs fy,Qwy gksaBksa is rCclqe2 ds ltkdj dksbZeqarftj3 vkt Hkh gS rsjs fy,] rsjs fy,

D;k tokt4 vkSj gks thus ds fy, cksy ^lnk*vkSj D;k pkfg, thus ds fy, cksy tjk

vkt Hkh Qwy f[kyk gS frjh cfx;k esa u;kfdruh I;kjh gS tjk ns[k rks eqLdku mldhvkt Hkh NsM+k gS dks;y us dksbZ jkx u;kfdruh ehBh gS tjk lqu rks lgh rku mldh

vkt Hkh oDr is lwjt us gS fQj nh nLrdvkt Hkh lqCg mxh dks[k ls fQj iwjc dhvkt Hkh 'kke ds ekFks is ltsxk flanwjvkt Hkh ek¡x flrkjksa ls Hkjsxh 'kc5 dh

vkSj Hkh fdrus gh eatj6 gSa lqgkus] fnyd'kcUn gSa rsjh fuxkgsa] rw mUgsa [kksy tjkdkSu lh 'kS ls gS nqfu;k frjh eg:e crkvkSj D;k pkfg, thus ds fy, cksy tjk

1- oafpr] 2- eqLdku] 3- izrh{kkjr] 4- vkSfpR;] dkj.k] 5- jkr] 6- n`';


D;w¡ dgha cSB ds ne ysrs ugha ,d ?kM+h

fdl rjQ nkSM+s pys tkrs gks rqe ;w¡ ljiVdkSu lh eaftys&eDlwn is vk¡[ksa gSa xM+hD;w¡ yqHkkrs ugha jLrs ds utkjs rqedksD;w¡ dgha cSB ds ne ysrs ugha ,d ?kM+h

tqLrtw1 dkSu ls QnkZ2 dh gS ftldh [+kkfrjrqeus bejkst3 ds iy&iy dks gS uk'kkn4 fd;kdkSu tkus oks dHkh vk,xk Hkh ;k fd ugharqeus ftl dy ds fy, vkt gS cjckn fd;k

bl rjg thuk rks , nksLr tgkyr5 gS cM+hD;w¡ dgha cSB ds ne ysrs ugha ,d ?kM+h

nkSM+ ;s dSlh gS] gkfly6 gS Hkyk D;k bldkfjT+d7 fdl dke vxj :g ugha gS jkthik ds lc dqN Hkh yxsxk fd ugha dqN ik;kthr dj gkj gh tkvksxs rqe vkf[k+j ckth

bl dnj fdlfy, cksyks rqEgsa tYnh gS iM+hD;w¡ dgha cSB ds ne ysrs ugha ,d ?kM+h

gkFk vk;k gS fdlh ds dHkh eqLrdfcy D;kcslcc ,sls Nykos dk djks er ihNknkSyrs&uDn rks gS flQZ ;s oDrs gkftj8

NksM+dj uDn mèkkjh dk djks er lkSnk

1- ryk'k] 2- Hkfo";] 3- orZeku] 4- uk[kq'k] 5- vKkurk] 6- izkfIr] miyfCèk] 7- èku&nkSyr] 8- orZeku

tks ?kM+h gkFk gS vkbZ] gS oks vueksy cM+h[+kwc th Hkj ds ft;ks thLr dh gj ,d ?kM+hfdl rjQ nkSM+s pys tkrs gks rqe ;w¡ ljiVD;w¡ dgha cSB ds ne ysrs ugha ,d ?kM+h


ryk'ks&tUur ¼uT+kzs dk'ehj½

vkvks vc viuh xqe'kqnk1 tUur djsa ryk'kfQj okfn,&fpukj dh vTer2 djsa ryk'k

uQjr ds lkjs uD+'k feVk ds fnyksa ls gevkvks [k+ywl3 vkSj eqgCcr djs a ryk'k

ljxksf'k;k¡4 lqukbZ nsa] iÙkksa dh ftl txgfQj oks lqdwu] fQj ogh] [k+yor5 djsa ryk'k

'kjek mBsa tks ns[k ds gwjs a6 cfg'r7 dhvkvks oks gqLu vkSj oks uqtgr8 djsa ryk'k

xqy'ku dh vkvks lSj djsa HkkSajk cu ds geQy esa feBkl Qwy esa udgr9 djsa ryk'k

My >hy esa gks igys lh fQj ls pgy&igyfQj p'es&'kkgh dh pyks cjdr djsa ryk'k

taxks&tny10 dh Hkwy ds lkjh fgdk;rsa11

larksa dh] lwfQ;ksa dh jok;r djsa ryk'k

bd uwj ls gSa iSnk gq, 'kS[k+ks cjgeugj 'kS esa vkvks tYo% , ognr12 djsa ryk'k

rkSck djsa xqukg ls] ng'kr ls nksLrksml jgers&reke13 dh jger djsa ryk'k

1- [kksbZ gqbZ] 2- 'kku] 3- I;kj] 4- dkuksa esa QqlQqlkuk] 5- ,dkar] 6- vIljk,¡] 7- LoxZ] 8- ikdhtxh] 9- [kq'kcw] 10- yM+kbZ&>xM+s] 11- dgkfu;k¡] 12- ,ds'ojokn] 13- [”kqnk ds fy, bLrseky gksrk gS


esjk dye

dye dks fejs ;s dle gS fnykbZu gd1 ls djs Hkwydj csoQkbZ

gS tegwj2 dh cl vekur dye ;su elun3 dh dqjcr4 bls jkl vkbZ

rlUuks5 ls uQjr gS esjs dye dksvyker6 fejs 'ksj dh csfj;kbZ7

gS btgkj8 dh [”kwc tqjvr dye esagS iqj[+kke9 xks esjh uX+ek ljkbZ

eSa v'dksa esa [+kwus ftxj gw¡ feykrkcus rc dye dh fejs jks'kukbZ

fejk lkFk ns , dye rw ogk¡ rdr[+¸;qy10 dh esjs tgk¡ rd jlkbZ

^lnk* ykSg11 fNu tk,] VwVs dye Hkhyxs tks dHkh bYyrs12&[”kqn flrkbZ13

1- lPpkbZ] 2- turk] loZlkèkkj.k] voke] 3- vklu] flagklu] 4- lkehI;] fudVrk] 5- cukoV] 6- igpku] fu'kkuh] 7- fu"diVrk] vkMacjghurk] 8- O;Dr djuk] 9- nks"kiw.kZ] =kqfViw.kZ] 10- [;ky] dYiuk] 11- r[+rh] 12- O;lu] 13- vkRe'yk?kk

ukSg1&,&'kcue2

lwjt pUnk vkSj flrkjsdy fQj fudysaxs ;s lkjs'kk;n dy dh lqCg u ns[ksaQwy f[kys tks vkt U;kjs

xqypha3 cSBk ?kkr yxk,tks Hkk, pqu&pqu ys tk,cp fudys tks utj ls mldhbd nks fnu esa oks eqj>k,

gJ xqyksa dk ns[k ds ,slkeu gh eu dfy;k¡ eqLdk,¡jks;s 'kcue lksp ds gk;dc rd dfy;k¡ [”kSj euk,¡

1- e`rd ds fy, jksuk ihVuk] 2- vkSl] 3- Qwy chuus okyk


n'kgjk

gj lky tykrs gks jko.kjko.k ysfdu dc ejrk gSjko.k dks ojnku feyk gSjko.k ty ds th mBrk gS

jke dh efgek efUnj rd gSjko.k dk izrki txr Hkjcu&cu fQjrs jke y[ku vkSjjko.k dkfct jktHkou ij

jke y[ku dh yhyk nl fnufur&fur jko.k yhyk gks,jkst nèkhph ekjk tk,jkst gj.k lhrk dk gks,

oks jko.k yadk dk jktkmldk thou dky =ksrkdytqx esa gSa yk[kksa jko.kdksbZ vQlj dksbZ usrk

dcgq¡ Hkxok dcgq¡ [kkdhjko.k fdrus Hksl cVk,uQjr vkSj naxs QSykdjjko.k dqlhZ dks gfFk;k,

vius vanj tks jko.k gSigys mldk ewy feVk,¡vxyh ckj pqukoksa esa fQjjko.k dks gj gky gjk,¡

jko.k tc rd xn~nh ij gSD;w¡ dksbZ R;kSgkj euk,¡vlyh jko.k tc gS ftUnkD;w¡ iqryksa dks vkx yxk,¡


tk js tk---- cnjk----

tk js tk----- cnjk-----xjt cjl dgha vkSjeq> fcjgu dks D;w¡ rM+ik,djds ukgd 'kksj

lktu fcu D;k lkou cnjkcjl u eksjs vk¡xu cnjkfigw figw er cksy iihgsukp u rw js eksj

tk js tk----- cnjk-----xjt cjl dgha vkSj

tkdj rw ijnsl vks cnjkih dks ns lansl vks cnjkvf[k;k¡ eksjh rjl xbZ gSans[ku dks fprpksj

tk js tk----- cnjk-----xjt cjl dgha vkSj

dM+ dM+ dM+ dM+ fctqjh dM+dsèkd èkd èkd èkd ft;jk èkM+dseSa fcjgu ;w¡ rM+i jgh gw¡T;w¡ fcu pk¡n pdksj

tk js tk----- cnjk-----xjt cjl dgha vkSjeq> fcjgu dks D;w¡ rM+ik,dj ds ukgd 'kksj


xhr

;s >qdh&>qdh lh utj lue;s loky gS fd tokc gS

ftls vkt rd u eSa i<+ ldkfrjk psgjk ,slh fdrkc gS

rw utj u vk, lue vxjrks rM+i mBsa ;s fnyks&ftxj

frjh tqLrtw esa fejh utjfQjs csdjkj Mxj&Mxj

fd fQjkd1 esa frjs ,d iyeq>s lk¡l ysuk vt+kc2 gS


frjh vk¡[k ue u dHkh Hkh gksrq>s dksbZ xe u dHkh Hkh gks

frjs gqLu dk tks teky3 gSfejh tku de u dHkh Hkh gks

fd jgs lnk gh f[kyk&f[kykfrjs xky ij tks xqykc gS


1- tqnkbZ] 2- ltk] 3- yko.;

u rw cs#[+kh ls ;w¡ is'k vku rw cslcc fejk fny nq[kk

cM+h tku ysok gSa nwfj;k¡fejs ikl vk] fejs ikl vk

;w¡ xok u , fejh fny#ck;s tks pkj fnu dk 'kckc gS



xhr

feyh fny dh vius [+kcj luerq>s fny esa tc ls clk fy;k

frjh pkg viuh ryk'k Fkhrq>s ik ds [”kqn dks gS ik fy;k

;s gquj gS esjh fuxkg dkrks rqQSy1 rsjh fuxkg dk

rq>s eSaus viuk cuk fy;keq>s rwus viuk cuk fy;k

Fkh g;kr2 ckjs&fxjk¡3 luefeys ne&c&ne] eq>s xe gh xe

frjs lkFk dk Fkk cl vkljktks ;s ckj eSaus mBk fy;k

lkS eqlhcrksa ls f?kjk gqvkeSa tehu ij Fkk fxjk gqvk

rw mrj ds v'kZ4 ls vk xbZeq>s gkFk ns ds mBk fy;k

eSa rks ,d tnZ&lk Qwy Fkktks 'ktj5 is ckjs&Qtwy Fkk

tgs6 rsjh tjkZ&uokft;k¡7

tks xys ls eq>dks yxk fy;k

1- Ñik] 2- ftUnxh] 3- Hkkjh cks>] 4- vkleku] 5- isM+] 6- èkU;] 7- rqPN oLrq ij Ñikn`f"V

Ne Nek Ne Nee

Ne Nek Ne Nee] Ne Nek Ne Needk¡p dh pwfM+;k¡] Ne Nek Ne Nee

VwV tk,¡xh dqN gh fnuksa esa cyedk¡p dh pwfM+;k¡] Ne Nek Ne Nee

tSls oknk fdlh csoQk dk cyetSls liuk fdlh csuok1 dk cye

dj u tk;k eqbZ pwfM+;ksa is jdeeksgs iktsc pk¡nh dh yk ns cye

tks u VwVs dHkh] tks u gks cslnktSlh mYQr frjh] tSls esjh oQk

Fk¸;k&Fk¸;k fFkjdrs jgsa ;s dne;kn vkrh jgs cl rqEgkjh cye

nwj tkvksxs xj] eq>ls gks ds [+kQkrks ;s iktsc nsxh Nek Ne lnk

ykSV vkvksxs myVs dne rqe cyeNe Nek Ne Nee] Ne Nek Ne Nee

1- fuèkZu


ih fcu lkou D;w¡ vk;k

fcjgh euok Mksys D;ksaHksn izhr dk [kksys D;ksa

csdy uSuk tksgsa ckVdkx u dqN Hkh cksys D;ksa

ih fcu lkou D;w¡ vk;kifigk ih ih cksys D;ksa

D;w¡ dwds dkyh dks;yeksj us ia[k gSa [kksys D;ksa

vf[k;k¡ cjlsa Ne Ne Neckny gkSys gkSys D;ksa

lkou lwuh lst l[khlktu brus Hkksys D;ksa

djks yk[k eq¡g ls ugha ugha

djks yk[k eq ¡g ls ugha ughaHkksyh vk¡[ksa gSa lp cksy jgha

lp cksy jgha] Hksn [kksy jghadqN <w¡< jgha] fd VVksy jghagks u gks rwus , uktuha1

fny [kks fn;k gS dgha u dgha

djks yk[k eq¡g ls ugha ughaHkksyh vk¡[ksa gSa lp cksy jgha

rsjk fny ugha rsjs cl esa l[khdksbZ cl x;k ul ul esa l[kheku tk u [kk >wBh dlesa l[khfcu vkx rks èkqvk¡ mBrk ugha


ljs jkg l[kh ljs egfQy l[kh#[”k ls >yds gS gkys fny l[kheqf'dy gS] cM+h eqf'dy l[khjkts b'd Nqik, Nqirk ugha



;s nch nch lh vkg l[kh[kksbZ [kksbZ lh fuxkg l[khns[krh gS rw fdl dh jkg l[khrsjh ckrksa dk djs dkSu ;dha


vty1 ds eqlfOoj2 ls

cuk&cuk ds rw djrk gS D;w¡ Quk3 gedksbykgh4 dSlk eqlfOoj gS rw crk gedks

gqvk Fkk vkneks&gkSok ls bd xqukg dHkhml bd xqukg dh vc rd u ns ltk gedks

f[kykSuk tku ds gh gels [ksyuk Fkk vxjrks ftLe dkQh Fkk] fny D;w¡ fd;k vrk gedks

fgys u rsjh jtk ds cxSj tc iÙkkrks gJ dSlk] feys D;w¡] ltk] ttk5 gedks

;k dj vrk oks fuxkgsa tks ns[k ik,¡ rq>s;k vk ds lkeus tYok dHkh fn[kk gedks

1- vkfndky] 2- ewfrZ cukus okyk] 3- u"V] 4- [”kqnk] 5- deks± dk Qy


jkgh rw pyrk tk js

jkgh rw pyrk tk jseafty rq>s iqdkjs

er ns[k eqM+ ds ihNsvkxs dne c<+k js

dksf'k'k cxSj fdLerdc esgjck¡ gS gksrh

lkxj esa Mwcdj ghrq>dks feysaxs eksrh

dqN Hkh u ik ldsxkrw cSB dj fdukjs


?kcjk u ns[kdj rwjkrksa ds ;s v¡/ksjs

gjfxt fdlh ds jksds#drs ugha losjs

rUgk le> u [”kqn dkslkFkh gS a pk¡n rkjs


fny dks u dj rw NksVkxj vkLek¡ [+kQk gS

fgEer ls dke ys rwxj oDr dqN cqjk gS

dc rd jgsaxs vkf[”kjxfnZ'k esa ;s flrkjs


gkFkksa dh ;s ydhjsagkFkksa esa gSa gekjs

D;w¡ gkFk gkFk ij /kjeyrk gS gkFk I;kjs

rnchj ds lgkjsrdnhj rw cuk js



xqyukek

f[ky ds g¡lrk gS] egdrk gS] fc[kj tkrk gS xqy1

bd gh fnu esa lkS gokfnl2 ls xqtj tkrk gS xqy

Fkky esa iwtk ds ;k ckyksa esa nks'khtk3 ds'kk[+k ls gks ds tqnk ns[kks fd/kj tkrk gS xqy

j'd gksrk gS gesa mlds eqdn~nj is cgqrys ds iSxke tks egcwc ds ?kj tkrk gS xqy

xqycnu4 gksxk dksbZ ;kn esa ftldh gj fnuvk ds pqipki dksbZ dcz is /kj tkrk gS xqy

tks elyrk gS mls Hkh gS eqvÙkj5 djrknq'euksa ls Hkh lqywd vPNk gh dj tkrk gS xqy

;w¡ rks gj jax dh iks'kkd esa yxrk gS Hkykvksl ds eksfr;ksa ls vkSj fu[kj tkrk gS xqy

jkts&dqnjr gesa le>k;k gS bd xqy us ^lnk*xqy u, f[kyrs jgsa] blfy, >j tkrk gS xqy

1- Qwy] 2- gkfnlkr] ?kVuk,¡] 3- dqekjh] 4- Qwyksa tSls cnu okyk] 5- lqxaf/kr

tqesZ&lq[+ku

vkvks fd vc rks tqjvrs&tqesZ&lq[+ku1 djsafQØs&lq[+ku2 dks NksM+ ds fQØs&peu djsa

nkeu xqyksa ds pkd3 gSa] dfy;k¡ gSa fny&fQxkj4

[k+keks'k jg ds TkqYe ;s dc rd lgu djsa

ijokt5 ij gS jksd] pgduk Hkh gS xqukgdc rd dqcwy ge ;s futkes6&peu djsa

dkQh ugha gS f[k+ners&ykSg&vks&dye7 Qdrvc oDr gS fd f[+kners nkjks&jlu8 djsa

vkSgke9 ds v¡/ksjksa dks tM+ ls m[kkM+ djjks'ku fpjkxs&gd10 ls Qtk, oru djsa

yk'kksa ds <sj ij tks fl;klr gSa dj jgsmu dkfryksa ls ikd ;s vtsZ&oru11 djsa

_f"k;ksa dh ljteha is yqVsjksa dk jkt gSvktkn vkvks okfn,&xaxks&teu djsa

dc ls ygwyqgku gS oknh fpukj dhvkckn fQj ls vkvks oks j'ds&vnu12 djsa

1- ckr dgus dk tqeZ djus dh fgEer] 2- 'kk;jh] 3&4- QVs gq,] 5- mM+ku] 6- O;oLFkk] 7- r[rh] 8- nkj¾lwyh] jlu¾Qk¡lh dk jLlk] 9- Hkze ¼cgqopu½] 10- lp] 11- ekr`Hkwfe] 12- ftlls LoxZ dks Li/kkZ gks


dc rd yM+saxs vius iM+kslh ls nksLrksys ns ds [+kRe D;w¡ u Qlkns&dqgu1 djsa

'kSrku dks vdsys gjkuk eqgky gSfey dj pyks eqdkfcy,&vgjeu2 djsa

vgys&oru dks uhan ls] csnkj3 tks djsvgys&lq[+ku4 Hkh vkt uqek;k¡5 oks Qu djsa

etywe ds cpko esa yM+uk gh gS ftgknekSdk feys rks ge Hkh fQnk tkuks&ru djsa

tks gqDeukes vkSj tks Qros lqukrs gSavkvks fd vkt can oks lkjs ngu6 djsa

ns[kks u iLr gksa dHkh ;kjks ;s gkSalysckdh gS cw¡n [+kwu dh tc rd tru djsa

1- iqjkuk >xM+k] 2- 'kSrku] 3- tkx`r] 4- 'kk;j] 5- izdV] 6- eq¡g

vkt fQj thus dk , nksLr bjknk dj rw

D;w¡ mtkys gSa fuxkgksa esa frjh pqHkus yxsD;w¡ v¡/ksjksa esa fejs nksLr rq>s dSQ1 feysD;w¡ frjh :g fdlh uX+es ls 'kknkc2 u gksD;w¡ rCclqe3 is dyh ds Hkh frjk fny u f[kys

uke ysrs gh oQk dk rw fcQj mBrk gSftØ b[+kykl4 dk djrs gh HkM+d tk, rwD;w¡ gj bd okns is gksrk gS xqek¡5 cksy rq>sD;w¡ gS bdjkj ls vkrh rq>s bUdkj dh cw

ckr fNM+rh gS vxj ujfxlh vk¡[kksa dh dHkhlnZ lh vkg fudy vkrh gS lhus ls frjsmB ds pqipki pyk tkrk gS egfQy ls rwnksLr gksrs gSa ijs'kku djhus6 ls frjs

D;w¡ ;s nqfu;k rq>s cslwn7 utj vkrh gSD;w¡ fdlh pht dh pkgr gS u gljr gS rq>sD;w¡ rchcks a8 dks ugha ikl QVdus nsrkxexqlkjksa9 ls crk fdl fy, uQjr gS rq>s

ekSles&xqy rks dbZ ckj gS vk&vk ds x;k,d eqn~nr ls frjs psgjs is jkukbZ10 ughaxks'kk&xks'kk11 gS f[kyk vkt Hkh xqy'ku dk exjrsjs fny ds fdlh xks'ks esa cgkj vkbZ ugha

1- vkuUn] 2- gjk gksuk ¼[kq'k½] 3- eqLdjkgV] 4- nksLrh] eqgCcr] 5- 'kd] 6- O;ogkj] 7- cseryc] 8- oS|] 9- nq[k esa lgkuqHkwfr trkus okyk] 10- jkSud] 11- dksuk&dksuk


csoQkbZ us fdlh dh gS fny ,slk rksM+krq>dks nfj;k Hkh ljkcksa1 lk utj vkrk gSgj glha pht ls ukgd rq>s Mj yxrk gSnw/k dk tSls tyk NkN ls ?kcjkrk gS

fny dks cstkj u dj bd nks gokfnl2 ds lccthLr3 esa vkSj gokfnl Hkh xqtjus gSa vHkhfny dk mtM+k gS vxj ckx rks ek;wl4 u gksQwy eqj>kus Hkh gSa] vkSj Hkh f[kyus gSa vHkh

csoQk dksbZ tks fudyk rks [+krk D;k rsjhcslcc [”kqn dks u bl ntkZ ltk ns vc rw;kn djds mls gkfly rq>s D;k gksxk crktks rq>s Hkwy x;k mldks Hkqyk ns vc rw

mB ubZ ikSn yxkus dk gS ekSle vk;kQwy mtM+s gq, xqy'ku esa f[kyk ns rw u,dc ls csrkc gS nqfu;k frjs uXeksa ds fy,mB ds lktksa dks ltk] xhr lquk ns rw u,

vkt fQj thus dk] , nksLr bjknk dj rwfQj u :Bsxk dHkh thLr ls] oknk dj rw

1- Nykok] 2- ?kVuk,¡] 3- ftUnxh] 4- fujk'k

rvk#ZQ1

ugha eqefdu feVkuk eq>dks feLys&uD'ks&ik&;kjks2

[ +kykvks a es a jgw ¡xk xw ¡trk cu ds lnk ;kjk s

u ukjk badykcs&ukS dk u xSch funk3 ;kjksQdr4 gw¡ bd fnys&lnpkd5 ls fudyh lnk ;kjks

ugha gS okLrk dqN Hkh eq>s elun u'khuksa6 lseSa gw¡ cl csuokvksa7 dh uok, & xqe'kqnk8 ;kjks

ugha Hkkrh eq>s gjfxt fj;kdkjh9 tekus dhvtc D;k tks gw¡ nqfu;k dh utj esa dt vnk10 ;kjks

le>rk [kwc gw¡ eSa QdZ tks tqTo11 vkSj dqy12 esa gSdgw¡ ealwj ds ekfuan13 D;w¡ [”kqn dks [”kqnk ;kjks

Qdr rdyhn14 gh D;w¡ rt#cs Hkh dqN fd, tk,¡djsa vkvks u, nkSjs & lq[”ku15 dh bCrnk16 ;kjks

eq>s dguk gS tks dqN Hkh] fejs v'k~vkj dgrs gSaugha dgus dks esjs ikl dqN buds flok ;kjks

xqukgksa dh fejs QgfjLr17 yEch gksrh tkrh gSgtkjksa ckj rkSck dh] u NwVk eSdnk ;kjks

1- ifjp;] 2- infpºu dh Hkk¡fr] 3- nsook.kh] 4- dsoy] 5- fny ftlds lkS VqdM+s gks pqds gksa] 6- tks flagklu ij fojkteku gSa] 7- nfjnz] daxky] 8- [kksbZ gqbZ vkokt] 9- diVrk] vkMacj] 10- ftlesa 'khy ladksp u gks] 11- va'k] 12- loZ] 13- rjg] 14- uDy] 15- dkO;] 16- 'kq#vkr] 17- lwph


fd;k gS rS lq[+ku1 dk ;s lQj eSaus vdsys ghu dksbZ gelQj esjk u dksbZ jguqek2 ;kjks

fejk Qu [+kke3 gS rkge4 rqEgkjs fny dks Nw ysxkfejs gj 'ksj is rqe cksy mBksxs ejgck5 ;kjks

1- dkO;] 2- iFkizn'kZd] ekxZn'khZ] 3- =kqfViw.kZ] dPpk] 4- fQj Hkh] 5- okg okg

gokbZ estcku1

Njgjs cnu is 'kks[+k2 iSjguu tcha3 is cy u xky is f'kdu#[+k4 is jksudsa lHkh lth gqbZlj ls iSj uwj5 Fkh oks lheru6

uD'k uD'k [+kwc Fkk x<+k gqvkgqLus & csuthj7 Fkh oks xqycnu8

pky oks fd j'd9 vkgqvksa10 dks gksgj vnk esa Fkk vuks[kk ck¡diu

gYds ls xqykch gks aB [kksy dsxqap%yc11 Fkh gksrh tc Hkh [+kan%tu12

yxrk Fkk njhp, & 'kQd13 ls gS>k¡drh dksbZ :iSgyh fdju

pky cs[kVd] fuxkg csf>>dFkh [”kqnsfreknh14 dh felky okslkFk lkFk ukt ds u;kt15 Fkkb'o%xj16 Fkh gk; D;k deky oks

vk¡[k ls jgh Fkh QwV tw, uwj17

gksaBksa ls Vid jgs Fks ehBs cksygj rjQ egd fc[ksjrh jghdkdqys fl;kg18 tks jgh Fkh Mksy

1- ,;j gksLVsl] 2- papy] 3- ekFkk] 4- fpgjk] 5- jks'kuh] izdk'k] 6- pk¡nh tSls cnuokyh] 7- csfelky] 8- Qwy tSls 'kjhj cnu okyh] 9- bZ";kZ] 10- vkgw ¾ e`x] fgju] 11- dyh tSls gksaBksa okyh] 12- g¡luk] 13- Å"kk ds >jks[ks ls] 14- vkRefo'okl] 15- fouezrk] 16- gkoHkko ls fny eksg ysus okyh] 17- izdk'k dh unh] 18- dkys ckyksa dh yV


eqLdjkrs eqLdjkrs eqLrfdy1

QtZ vius lc fuHkk jgh Fkh okslc eqlkfQjksa dk iwNrh fetktD;k vnc ls is'k vk jgh Fkh oks

dqN t:jrsa rks dqN fgekdrsa2

[+kkfg'ksa eqlkfQjksa dh bd ls bdxketu3 gok esa Fkh eqnke4 oks,d iy ldh u bd txg iS fVd

cs'kqÅj5 Fks eqlkfQjhu dqNcslcc lrkus dh Fkh dqN dks [+kw6

oks exj exu Fkh vius dke esaD;k etky brkc7 mls x;k gks Nw

th esa vk;k dj ds tqjvrs lq[+ku8

iwN yw¡ fd cksy , glhu :9

fdl ls lh[kk gS ;s gqLus xq¶rxw10

dSls Mkyh g¡lrs jgus dh ;s [”kw

dqN crk [”kq'kh dk viuh jkt rwxe ls fey x;k rq>s Qjkx11 D;kiy esa gktrsa12 jok13 djs tks lcfey x;k oks tknqbZ fpjkx D;k

1- yxkrkj] 2- ew[kZrkiw.kZ gjdrsa] 3- pyrh gqbZ] 4- yxkrkj] 5- foosdjfgr] 6- vknr] 7- Øksèk] 8- dgus dh fgEer] 9- lqUnj eq[kM+s okyh] 10- ckrphr dk lkSan;Z] 11- NqVdkjk] 12- t:jrsa] 13- iwjh djuk


thLr gS eljZrs eqnke1 D;klqCg jkst eqTn%2 dqN lquk, D;kfnu g¡lh [”kq'kh esa chr tk, D;k'kc glhu [+kkc ys ds vk, D;k

;k fd fQj Qjsc gS [kq'kh frjhxky dk xqykc dkxth gS clfQØs jkstxkj3 ls nks pkj rwg¡lrs jguk QtsZ&eUlch4 gS cl

fdl dnj Fkk gk; eq[+rlj5 lQjgks xbZ mM+ku [+kRe ukxgk¡6

viuh viuh jkg py fn, lHkheq> ls tqjvrs & lq[+ku gqbZ dgk¡

dqN Hkh gks nks pkj iy [kq'kh feyhnwj gks xbZ esjh rks lc FkdkulkFk&lkFk ftLe ds fejs Hkjheq¶r esa esjs [+;ky us mM+ku

dk'k ;s [kq'kh frjk ulhc gksdk'k yc ds lkFk fny Hkh f[ky mBsflQZ ;s fQtkvksa dh mM+ku D;kthLr7 dk lQj Hkh ck[”kq'kh8 dVs

1- LFkk;h [kq'kh] 2- vPNh [+kcj] 3- vkthfodk dh fpUrk] 4- vksgns ;k ukSdjh dk QtZ] 5- vYidkfyd] 6- vpkud] 7- ftUnxh] 8- [”kq'kh ds lkFk

nkors & ukxokj

eq>dks nkSyr dh [kud u lquk , nksLresjs dkuksa dks bl vkokt ls uQjr gSjg jg ds [kVdrh gS vk¡[kks a esa esjh;s tks rsjh uqekb'ks & ekyks & g'er1 gS

gS [+kwc rsjh [+kkfrjnkjh vkSj roktks2

e; xqyQke3 ds tke Nydrs gSa gj lw4

b=k vkxha5 gS lkjk ekgkSy6 exj , nksLrvk, u dgha ls Hkh dqN b[+kykl7 dh cw

tke mBkrk gw¡ rks dk¡i mBrs gSa gkFkgks dksbZ ygw ls ycjst8 I;kyk tSlsyTtr vkest9 dckc mrjsa u gYd lsHkw[ks eq¡g ls Nhu fy;k gks fuokyk tSls

;s eqvTtt10 esgek¡] ;s eLuwbZ11 eqLdkusagj enÅ12 ls gS rq>s dqN eryc , nksLr;s esgek¡nkjh rks egt13 ,d tfj;k gSdke jokbZ14 gS rsjk edln , nksLr

;s 'k¶QkQ15 fcYykSjh16 iSekus17 vkSj daVjesjh utjksa esa budh dher dqN Hkh ughaeq>dks jkl vk, eV~Vh dk I;kyk nksLresjs fy, tkes te18 dh vTer19 dqN Hkh ugha

1- ukSdj&pkdj] BkB&ckB dh uqekb'k] 2- vkoHkxr] 3- lqxfU/kr 'kjkc] 4- rjQ] 5- b=k esa clk gqvk] 6- okrkoj.k] 7- ifo=k I;kj] 8- Hkjk gqvk] 9- Lokfn"V] 10- izfrf"Br] 11- cukoVh] 12- fuefU=kr] 13- flQZ] dsoy] 14- dke fudkyuk] 15- mTToy] 16- dherh 'kh'ks ds] 17- e|ik=k] 18- te'ksn ckn'kkg dk e'kgwj I;kyk] 19- vgfe;r] egRo

esjk ne ?kqVrk gS bl cTes & rjc1 esaeq>dks tkus ns rw] rdjkj u dj ,s nksLreLysgr vkest2 eqnkjkr3 eq>s jkl ughaesjh f'kjdr4 is bljkj5 u dj , nksLr

1- Hkksx&foykl dh cSBd] 2- ftlesa dksbZ eLysgr ¼eryc½ gks] 3- lRdkj] vkoHkxr] 4- 'kewfy;r ¼Hkkxhnkjh½] 5- gB] ftn

Nykokfc[kjk liuk] iy esa viukfdLer us D;k [ksy fn[kk;kcw¡n u ty dh bd Hkh cjlhukgd Nr ij ckny vk;k

dkgs fny ds ohjkus esapkgr dk bd vadqj QwVk>ksadk ,d gok dk vk;kiy esa m[kM+k tM+ ls cwVk

lk;k Fkk tks gkFk u vk;ktkuk ftldks eafty eSausrwQkuksa dk ejdt1 Fkk oksle>k ftldks lkfgy2 eSaus

fQj ls mtM+h fny dh cLrhvkSj gqbZ tx esa #lokbZ3

fQj ls dkslk ewj[k eu dksdkgs >wBh vkl yxkbZ

vkl dk nhi tykdj fny esaNksM+ x;k eq> dks gjtkbZoks rks ,d Nykok Fkk cleSa cnfdLer cw> u ikbZ

1- d s an z ] 2- fdukjk ] 3- cnukeh

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