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socioeconomic status classification
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Dr sunil pal singh.c
Karl Marx theory
Weber’s theory
How the people in the community are differentiated ?
For urban areas:
Kuppuswamy’s classification, verma scale,Tuassig scale, Sims scale,Warner’s scale,Hollingshed scale
For rural areas:
Uday pareek and G Trivedi scale,lewis and Dhillon scale, Freeman scale
As a characteristics for a social classification,especially for social pathology
Eg: caste and birth order:caste 1st birth
order2nd 3rd 4th
SC 35.5 47.0 10.8 6.6
ST 30.1 29.5 12.3 28.0
OBC 39.5 40.6 14.9 5.0
Others 44.1 12.7 12.7 5.8
To understand the human behaviour
Economic rewards
Determinant of authority
Degree of status
Education
Any person who is able to read and write with understanding in any language is considered as literate.
education Hyderabad Slum Non-slum
No education 16.2 20.4 15.4
<5yrs complete 13.7 14.2 13.6
5-9 yrs complete 26.1 27.8 25.7
10-11yrs complete 16.9 15.5 17.2
>12yrs complete 26.9 21.8 28.0
missing 0.2 0.2 0.2
INCOME :
Income is included in various methods of social classification
Assessed directly by interviews / questionnaire indirectly by assets and liabilities
Wealth index IMR/1000 live births
lowest 70.4
second 68.5
middle 58.3
fourth 44.0
highest 29.2
Another characteristics used for social classification
Religion
Purchasing power
Residence (rural & urban)
Area of residence
Type of house (kuccha / pukka / owned / rented)
B.G. Prasad’s Method of Social Classification
Social Class Per Capita Income (Rs)
As suggested By Prasad(1961) Updated As per Index for
may 2011(cpi=865)
1 100 & Above 4264& Above
2 50 – 99 2132-4221.4
3 30 – 49 1279.2-2089.4
4 15 – 29 639.6 – 1236.6
5 Below 15 Below 639.6
Kuppuswamy’s Method of Social Classification of An Individual (Urban)
Item Score
A.Education
1.Professional Degree, Honors
Degree, Post Graduate Degree 7
2 .Graduation 6
3 .Intermediate, post High School
Diploma 5
4 .High School Certificate 4
5 .Middle School Certificate 3
6 .Primary School of Literate 2
7 .Illiterate 1
Kuppuswamy’s Method of Social Classification of An Individual (Urban)
Item Score
B. Occupation
1.Profession 10
2.Semi-profession 06
3.Clerical, Shop Owner ,Farm Owner 05
4.Skilled Worker 04
5.Semi-Skilled Worker 03
6.Un-Skilled Worker 02
7.Un-employed 01
Kuppuswamy’s Method of Social Classification of An Individual (Urban)
Item Score
.
Income Per Month (Rs.)
score Modified for 2007
=2000 12 19575
1000-1999 10 9788-19575
750-999 6 7323-9787
500-749 4 4894-7322
300-499 3 2396-4893
101-299 2 980-2935
<100 1 <979
Kuppuswamy’s Method of Social Classification of An Individual (Urban)
Calculation : Social ClassTotal Score (=A+B+C) 26 – 29 upper class 16 – 25 upper middle 11 – 15 lower middle 05 – 10 upper-lower class Below 05 lower class
Modified method of Kuppuswami for Social Classification of Family (Urban)
Item Score
A.Education of Family Head
1. Professional Degree, Post
Graduate and Above 7
2. Graduate 6
3. Intermediate 5
4. High School Certificate 4
5. Middle School Certificate 3
6. Primary or Literate 2
7. Illiterate 1
Modified method of Kuppuswamy for Social Classification of Family (Urban)
Item ScoreB. Occupation of Family Head (Last Occupation if retired)
1. Profession 10
2. Semi – Profession 06 3 . Clerical, shop Owner, Farm Owner 05 4. Skilled Worker 04 5. Semi – skilled Worker 03 6. Un – skilled Worker 02 7. Un – employed 01
Modified method of Kuppuswami for Social Classification of Family (Urban)
Item ScoreC. Per Capita Income (Rs./Month)
1. 800 or above 12 2. 400 to 799 10 3. 300 to 399 06 4. 200 to 299 04 5. 120 to 199 03 6. 40 to 199 02 7. below 40 01
Modified method of Kuppuswamy for Social Classification of Family (Urban)
Calculation : Social Class
Total Score ( = a+b+c)
26 – 29 upper
16 – 25 upper middle
11 – 15 lower middle
05 – 10 upper lower
Below 05 lower class