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Sponges&Cnidarians 08

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This is a “loofah sponge”…

…which is most certainly NOT A SPONGE!

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A “loofah” is a type of gourd.

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PORIFERA=>•“sponges”•1st multicellular life?•over 10000 known species•sessile/asymmetry•teacup-sized sponge can filter 5000L of water in a day!

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PORIFERA=>•3 types of “skeleton”:–spongin (flexible protein)

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spongin fibers

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PORIFERA=>•3 types of “skeleton”:–spongin (flexible protein)

–CaCO3- shallow marine “spicules”

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PORIFERA=>•3 types of “skeleton”:–spongin (flexible protein)

–CaCO3- shallow marine

–SiO2- deep marine

•some have all three•ANATOMY & REPRODUCTION:

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sponge larva

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gemmule

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encrusting sponge

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encrusting sponge

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CNIDARIA=>•More than 9000 species•Includes sea anemones, jellyfish, corals, hydras, •More highly organized than sponges, but still very simple animals

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CNIDARIA=>•Amazing predators for their simplicity•hollow chamber called the: GASTROVASCULAR CAVITY -digestion & food distribution•nervous system is called a: “nerve net”

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CNIDARIA=>•have RADIAL SYMMETRY•all have CNIDOCYTES: “stinging cells”

•3 major functional types:

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especiallycommon

type

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CNIDARIA=>•have TWO main “body plans”: –the POLYP and MEDUSA•POLYP is sessile and asexual•MEDUSA is sexual and free-swimming

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•Describe two possible benefits to an algae that resides inside a cnidarian.•Describe two possible benefits to an animal which has algae living within its tissue...

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HydrozoaScyphozoaAnthozoaCubozoa

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HYDROZOA=>• includes over 3,700 species•polyp phase dominant•Most members are colonial–Different polyps have different functions

• includes Hydra, Obelia and the Portuguese man O’ war

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branching hydroid

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SCYPHOZOA=>•translates to “cup animals”•medusa is dominant•The “jellyfish” - more than 200 sp.•Most are found floating in the open sea

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West coast Sea nettle

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ANTHOZOA=>•translates as: “flower animals”•never a medusoid stage•includes sea anemones, soft corals, and true “stony” corals

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zooxanthellae

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CaCO3 skeletons

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CUBOZOA=>• the “box jellies”• have a square shape when viewed

from above• possess four evenly-spaced

tentacles (or groups of tentacles)• found mostly in tropical oceans• have a primitive version of an

“eye”•~ 20 species

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The Sea Wasp:Chironex Fleckeri

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CTENOPHORA=>•translates as: “comb holder”•the “comb jellies”•no stinging cells –have colloblasts instead (sticky)•move via cilia

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