SPREAD OF CRICKET

• Some English team games like hockey and football become international games. Cricket remained as colonial game.

• The pre-Industrial oddness of cricket made it a hard game to export.

• Cricket was established as popular sport by

• white settlers (as in South Africa, Zimbabwe, Australia, New Zealand, West Indies and Kenya)

• Local elites who wanted to copy the habits of their colonial masters, as in India.

INTRODUCTION

EXPANSION OF BRITISH CRICKET:

• British imperial officials brought the game to the colonies, they made little effort to spread the game.

• Their subjects of empire were mainly non-white, such as India and the west Indies.

• Afro-Caribbean population was discouraged from participating in organisedclub cricket.

FIRST NON-WHITE CLUB

• The first Non-white club in the West Indies was established at the end of 19th

century.

• However, its members were light-skinned Mulattos who were the people of mixed European and African decent.

• Club cricket was dominated by white elites till the 1930s.

• The Non-whites played an enormous amount of informal cricket on beaches in back alleys and parks, club cricket till as late as the 1930s has dominated by white elites.

POPULARITY OF CRICKET IN THE CARIBBEAN

• Cricket became hugely popular in the Caribbean despite the White’s partially.

• Success at Cricket became a yardstick to measure racial equality and political progress.

• At the time of independence, the political leaders of Caribbean countries like Forbes Burnham and Eric Williams saw in the game a chance for self-respect and international standing.

2.1 CRICKET, RACE AND RELIGION

• Cricket in colonial India was organised on the principle of race and religion

• The first record we have of cricket being played in India is from 1721, an account of recreational cricket played by English sailors in Cambay.

• The first Indian club, the Calcutta Cricket Club, was established in 1792 by British

• Through the eighteenth century, cricket in India was almost wholly a sport played by British military men and civil servants in all-white clubs and gymkhanas.

• Indians were considered to have no talent for the game and certainly not meant to play it.

THE BOMBAY GYMKHANA

• The Bombay Gymkhana, a White-only club and Parsi Cricketers were at conflicts over the use of a public park.

• The Parsis complained that the Bombay Gymkhana played the polo ponies and left the ground unfit for cricket.

ORIGIN OF INDIAN CRICKET

• The origins of Indian cricket, that is, cricket played by Indians are to be found in Bombay and the first Indian community to start playing the game was the small community of Zoroastrians, the Parsis.

• The first Indian community to westernize, the parsi founded the first Indian Cricket Club, the 'Oriental Cricket Club' in Bombay in 1848.

• In fact, there was a quarrel between the Bombay Gymkhana, a whites-only club, and Parsicricketers over the use of a public park.

• As the park is unfit for playing cricket because polo ponies of the Bombay Gymkhana dug up the surface.

Parsi Gymkhana

THE PARSI HAPPY MOVEMENTS:

• A Parsi team beat the Bombay Gymkhana at cricket in 1889, just four years after the foundation of the Indian National Congress in 1885, an organization that was lucky to have amongst its early leaders the great Parsi statesman and intellectual Dadabhai Naoroji.

The parsi team, the first Indian cricket team to tour

England in 1886

Note that along with the traditional cricket flannels,

they wear caps.

Rise Of The First Class Tournaments

The Idea Of Religious Gymkhanas

• The establishment of the Parsi Gymkhana became a precedent for other Indians who in turn established clubs based on the idea of religious community.

• By the 1890s, Hindus and Muslims were busy gathering funds and support for a Hindu Gymkhana and an Islam Gymkhana.

• Many Indian institutions were organised around the idea of religious community because the colonial state encouraged these divisions.

• In the late nineteenth century, many Indian institutions and movements were organised around the idea of religious community because the colonial state encouraged these divisions and was quick to recognise communal institutions.

A Hindu Gymkhana A Islam Gymkhana

First Class Tournaments

• This history of gymkhana cricket led to first-class cricket being organised on communal and racial lines.

• The teams that played colonial India’s greatest and most famous first-class cricket tournament did not represent regions.

• But religious communities.

The Ranji Trophy

Karnataka Team Winning the Trophy 2013-2014

Quadrangular Matches

• Quadrangular was played by four teams:

The Europeans

the Parsis

the Hindus

the Muslims

The Europeans The Parsis

The Hindus The Muslims

Quadrangular

Pentangular Matches

• It later became the Pentangular when a fifth team was added, namely, the Rest.

• Which comprised all the communities left over, such as the Indian Christians.

• A rival first-class tournament on regional lines, the National Cricket Championship (later named the Ranji Trophy), was established but not until Independence did it properly replace the Pentangular.

Decline

• By the late 1930s and early 1940s, journalists, cricketers and political leaders had begun to criticize the racial and communal foundations of the Pentangular tournament.

• The distinguished editor of the newspaper the Bombay Chronicle, S.A. Brelvi, the famous radio commentator A.F.S. Talyarkhan and India’s most respected political figure, Mahatma Gandhi, condemned the Pentangular as a communally divisive competition that was out of place in a time when nationalists were trying to unite India’s diverse population.

Virat Kohli

Virat Kohli (born 5 November 1988) is an Indian cricketer. A right-handed middle-order batsman, he is the captain of the Indian Test team.

He captained the victorious Indian team at the2008 U/19 Cricket World Cup held in Malaysia.

He represents Delhi in domestic cricket and is the captain of the Royal Challengers Bangalore franchise in the Indian Premier League.

Records and Achievements

Fastest Century Fastest Century (in 52 balls) by an Indian batsmen in ODI's against Australia in Jaipur

on 16 October 2013

Milestones Fastest Indian cricketer to reach 1000, 3000 and 5000 runs in ODIs Fastest cricketer to reach 5000 runs in ODIs in 114 inns level with Viv Richards. Fastest cricketer to reach 6,000 runs in ODIs, bettering legendary West Indian Vivian

Richards’ record. Fastest Indian cricketer to reach 10 centuries in ODIs and 2nd fastest overall. Fastest cricketer to reach 15 centuries in ODIs Fastest cricketer to reach 20 centuries in ODIs

Most runs in a calendar year Most ODI runs by an Indian cricketer in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. Most Test runs by an Indian cricketer in 2012.

Most centuries Most ODI centuries in 2010 and 2011 by an Indian cricketer.

Captaincy records First Test captain in cricket history to score three centuries in first three innings.

He bettered Greg Chappell's record of scoring a century each in his first two innings as skipper.

Awards

2014 ICC World Twenty20 Player of the Tournament.

ICC ODI Player of the Year 2012.

Ceat International Cricketer of the Year 2013-14

Peoples Choice Awards for Favourite Sportsperson of the Year 2012

Arjuna Award in 2013

THANK YOU

PRESENTATION BY,

ATHUL.P.SUNIL

P.V.S.SATHWIK

G.NISHANTH

G.DILIP

V.YUGAL KISHORE