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Subject & Predicate
مفيدة القراءة
بالل عداء
Agenda
O What is noun?OWhat are definite and
indefinite nouns? OHow to construct
nominal sentence ة ?الجملة االسمي
Sentences in Arabic1. Nomilal Sentence ة جملة اسمي
= Sentence that starts with a noun, like:زيد طالب2. Verbal Sentence ة جملة فعلي= Sentence that starts with a verb, like: ذهب زيد (Jayd went)
(Noun)1. Name of a person, like: ; خالد; محمد
مريم2. Name of a place, like: ،ة، لندن مك
أمريكا3. Name of a thing, like: قلم، كتاب، نار4. Pronouns, like: هو هي
He
هم هن They
Male Female
(Noun)
أنت أنت You
أنتم أنتن You
Male Female
(Noun)
أنا I
نحن We
Male Female
(Noun)
هما They2
أنتما
You2
Male You
(Noun)Adjective)
كبير BigSmall صغير
بعيد Far
جميل Beautiful
قريب Near
قبيح Ugly
Indefinite & Definite Noun
Indefinite Noun is calledنكرة in Arabic, like:
بيت A house قلم A pen
كتاب A book
لوح A block
مصباح
A lamp
حجارة
A stone
Indefinite & Definite Noun
Indefinite Noun is called نكرة in Arabic, like:
بيتقلم
A house
A pen
Indefinite & Definite Noun
Definite Noun is called معرفة
بيت A house البيت The house
كتاب A book الكتاب The book
Indefinite & Definite Noun
الـالبيتبيتمسجد كتا
ب
المسجد
الكتاب
Indefinite & Definite Noun
محمد زيدبالل
A MohammadA Jayd
A Bilal
المحمد يد الز
البالل
The way of constructing a Nominal Sentence
O A nominal sentence consists of two parts مبتدأ Subject (Focal point of the
sentence)
معرفة
خبرنكرة
Predicate (News or information about Subject)
1
2
القلم مكسور
The water is cold
الطالب مريض
الماء بارد
The student is sick
The pen is broken
Examples
Note: Noun that ends in Tanwin ( ) is (indefinite) نكرة
بيت
A مسجدMosque
A house
However when an Adjective comes as an indefinite noun we cannot translate it with ( A). Here are some examples-
مكسور
A sick مريض
A broken
A cold بارد
also comes as (Pronoun) ضمير مبتدا (Subject)
Pronoun is considered معرفة because it replaces a noun which is made known to listener beforehand. Example-
Khalid came to Dhaka. Khalid wanted to get admitted at IUT. Khalid took part in the admission test. Khalid passed the exam and could get admitted at the university.
also (Personal Pronoun) ضميرcomes as مبتدا (Subject)
Personal Pronoun is considered معرفة because it replaces a noun which is made known to listener beforehand. Example-
Khalid came to Dhaka. He wanted to get admitted at IUT. He took part in the admission test. He passed the exam and could get admitted at the university.
So if we were to say …
هو طالب مبتدأ .1 (Subject)২. معرفة (Definite)
(Predicate) خبر .1 ২. نكرة (Indefinite)
We can also say..
محمد رجل بالل تاجر
is
am/is/are
More examples
الفراشنظيف
الكتابجديد
العرشقديم
The book is newThe bed is cleanThe throne is old
Demonstrative Pronoun which is ) اسم اإلشارةconsidered noun in Arabic) also comes as مبتدا
(Subject)
Demonstrative Pronoun is considered معرفة because it refers to someone or something which is known. Example-
باب هذاكتاب ذلك
بهؤالء طال
This is a door
That is a book
Those are students
Conformity between Subject and Predicate in being Masculine and Feminine is necessary.
جديدالباب الطاولة
جديدة
The door is new
The table is new
Conformity between Subject and Predicate in being Singular/Dual/Plural is necessary.
محمد محمدان مسافر
مسافران
Mohammad is traveler.
Mohammads are travelers. (2)
محمدون مسافرون
Mohammads are travelers. (3)
can be a single word or a (Predicate) خبرsentence or even a semi-sentence
طالبخالد يأكل خالد
مك الس
Khalid is student
Khalid eats the fish
في خالدالجامعة
Khalid is in the university
Single word
Sentence
Semi-Sentence
Activities
Connect between مبتدأ and its correct خبر in the following sentences
الله محمدالمسج
د القرآن الدين
كتاب اللهكبيررحيم
رسول الله
كامل
Connect between مبتدأ and its correct خبر in the following sentences
الطالب
الضيوف
المكتبة
جل الر
أنا
عداءمفتوحةيقرأ الكتاب
في غرفة الجلوس
جوعان
Connect between مبتدأ and its correct خبر in the following sentences
مك السالمطع
مالجامع
ةالقلمالطعا
م
جديد
مشهورةلذيذ
نظيف
على المائدة