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• A major threat to global security today is terrorism, the unlawful use or threat of violence to cause fear and to advance political, religious, or ideological goals.
• Terrorists often intentionally target unarmed and unsuspecting citizens during their attacks.
Terrorism not modern phenomenon
Acts of terrorism far more common over last 200 years
Terrorism has been used to overthrow governments, fight for independence, or change society
The Middle East has become a focus of efforts against terrorist groups.
Number of worldwide attacks has increased over past few decades
Violence of attacks also increased, with few regions of world spared
Latin America, illegal drug trade
England, Irish Republican Army
South Asia, Tamil Tigers
killing 191 people and wounding 1,800
July 11, 2006. At least 137 people were killed and more than 300 others injured when seven powerful bombs ripped through crowded commuter trains in Mumbai Tuesday
July 2005 London bombings, also known as 7/7, were a series of coordinated suicide attacks on London's public transport system during the morning rush hour. The bombings were carried out by four who were motivated by Britain's involvement in the Iraq War
Russia: Armed Chechen separatist terrorists broke in and took children and teachers as hostages. 331 victims killed, most of them innocent victims.
Since 1960s more than 14,000 terrorists attacks have occurred worldwide
The goal of terrorism is destruction of what they consider the forces of evil. Evil may be located in their own
country or in other parts of the world Will use any weapon to rid evil Willing to die for the cause
Is a recent development to terrorism
Hacking computer networks or spreading computer viruses
Fear: the more that we become reliant on computers, the more this type of terrorism will grow
Social and political injustice: People choose terrorism when they are trying to right what they perceive to be a social or political or historical wrong—when they have been stripped of their land or rights, or denied these.
The belief that violence or its threat will be effective, and usher in change. Another way of saying this is: the belief that violent means justify the ends.
Part of focus because of ongoing Arab-Israeli conflict; has history of Western colonial domination leading to resentment of West among some Arabs
Region home to radical Muslim organizations claiming Islam justifies terrorist attacks against innocent civilians
In fact terrorist actions contrary to Islamic law, condemned by most Muslims
1980s, Hamas, Hezbollah, al Qaeda used terrorist tactics against Israel, Western nations
Hamas seeks to destroy Israel, create Palestinian state
Hezbollah supported by Iran, has primary goal of destruction of Israel
Iran’s support of Hezbollah—state-sponsored terrorism
Israel, United States, other nations consider Hezbollah terrorist organization
Other nations see it as legitimate resistance movement against Israel
Common weapons: Bombs and bullets Attack sites are usually crowded places
where people normally feel safe Subways, bus stops, restaurants, shopping
malls, etc…
QW 5-13-10 Knowing that the Afghanistan is
harboring terrorists, should the United States ever be willing to work with Afghanistan to create a friendship?
Terrorists Methods (global scale)Dangerous Weapons Many countries possess weapons of mass
destruction (WMDs), including Biological weapons Chemical weapons Nuclear weapons
Can cause enormous amounts of destruction Terrorist groups, governments seek to use
for own purposes
Terrorists Methods (global scale)
Biological Weapons Made with organisms, toxins
found in nature; easy, inexpensive to develop
Diseases, poisons like anthrax, plague, smallpox
1972, more than 70 nations signed treaty prohibiting production, possession
Officials worry about biological attacks by terrorist groups
Terrorists Methods (global scale)Nuclear Weapons Biggest threat to world in twenty-first
century During Cold War, U.S., Soviet Union,
60 other nations signed Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty, meant to stop spread of nuclear weapons
Nearly every nation in world has agreed to this treaty
At least eight countries known to possess nuclear weapons
Others believed trying to develop them
Addressing Nuclear IssuesLegitimate Use Difficult to control
nuclear weapons Nuclear technology
can be used for legitimate purposes
International concern over development of nuclear weapons
Many countries making efforts to ensure nuclear technology used safely
Sanctions International Atomic
Energy Agency monitors countries suspected of developing nuclear weapons
Countries have placed sanctions—economic penalties, on nations considered nuclear threats
High Level Targets Terrorists might also
target something that symbolizes what they are against, such as a government building or a religious site Such target are chosen
in order get the most attention and bring the most fear
Attack on the United States Morning of 9/11 Arab
terrorists hijacked 4 airliners. In a series of coordinated
strikes the hijackers crashed 2 of the jets into Twin Towers
(NY) 1 jet into the Pentagon (DC) The forth plane crash in an
empty field (Penn)
Lives Lost
All passengers on the 4 planes were killed
About 3,000 people died in the attacks
340 firefighters and 60 police officers died
Impact 9/11 had a devastating
impact on the way Americans looked at life
Many felt everything had changed
Before Americans felt terrorism was something that happened in other countries
Terrorism was no longer a “real” threat, but a reality, Americans felt helpless and afraid
Anti-Terrorism
The federal government warned that additional attacks were likely
Department of Homeland Security was created in 2002
Coordinates national efforts against terrorism
Anti-Terrorism
Some charge that this new government office violates the rights of citizens
Government argues the validity of its actions, as during times of war, it is not unusual for civil liberties to be reduced
Anti-Terrorism
Patriot Act Detain foreigners suspected
of terrorism for 7 days