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Paanajärvi NP © Viktor Gritsuk Zoltan KUN, Executive Director PAN Parks Foundation THE ECONOMICS OF WILDERNESS PES in Europe’s Wilderness Areas

The Economics of Wilderness

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This presentation was given during the TEEB conference in Leipzig on 22 March 2012. I was trying to make the case that wilderness areas require a special attention when applying the TEEB principles, because their direct use values are very limited, very often '0'. This was the first presentation when I was trying to visualise our The Million Project saying that this would mean wilderness protection of the size of Cyprus. While we have already covered Germany with concrete to make a whole country a concrete jungle.

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Page 1: The Economics of Wilderness

Paanajärvi NP © Viktor

Gritsuk

Zoltan KUN, Executive DirectorPAN Parks Foundation

THE ECONOMICS OF WILDERNESSPES in Europe’s Wilderness Areas

Page 2: The Economics of Wilderness

Paanajärvi NP ©Viktor Gritsuk

What we do

• PAN Parks works to protect Europe’s wilderness, the continent’s most undisturbed areas of nature

• the first European-wide organisation focusing on the protection of wilderness areas

Page 3: The Economics of Wilderness

Fulufjallet NP © Vitantonio Dell’Orto

NO extractive use such as:•hunting•fishing•mining•logging•grazing•grass cutting•road and building constructionis allowed in wilderness

How to define wilderness?

Page 4: The Economics of Wilderness

Wilderness Quality Index of Europe

• Based on GIS data sets (road density, population density, etc...)

• Management practice is not considered!

Page 5: The Economics of Wilderness

PAN Parks Wilderness Network

Page 6: The Economics of Wilderness

Fulufjället NP © Vitantonio Dell’Orto/exuviaphoto.com

Page 7: The Economics of Wilderness

Peneda-Geres NP © Marcos Veiga

Page 8: The Economics of Wilderness

Archipelago NP © Janne Görling

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Archipelago NP © Janne Görling

Page 10: The Economics of Wilderness

Borjomi-Kharagauli NP © Konstantin Gabrichidze

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Oulanka NP © Kimmo Salminen

Page 12: The Economics of Wilderness

Soomaa NP © Arne Ader

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Borjomi-Kharagauli NP © Kote Gabrichidze

The Economics of Wilderness

Why dealing with the economics of wilderness?

• the EP report on wilderness Calls on the Commission and Member States to co-operate with local non-governmental organisations to promote the value of wilderness (point 6);

Page 14: The Economics of Wilderness

Insert the figure about PA Categories and relative naturalness

Page 15: The Economics of Wilderness

Insert Braat and Ten Brink figure about the inkage between land use and level of ecosystem services

Page 16: The Economics of Wilderness

Wilderness is not a priceless heritage for future generations!• Europeans are not valuing wilderness as much as they should!

Oulanka NP ©Michael Hennemann

The Economics of Wilderness

Page 17: The Economics of Wilderness

The Economics of Wilderness

Two examples• Oulanka National Park creating jobs• The valuation of Tatra, PL, and Slovensky raj SK National Parks

Oulanka NP ©Hannu Hautala

Page 18: The Economics of Wilderness

The Economics of Wilderness

Economic impact of Finnish National Parks through visitation• 85 M EUR / year• 1,100 man-year• visitor related income in Oulanka NP 14,7 M EUR

http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2010/mwp149.pdf

Page 19: The Economics of Wilderness

The Economics of Wilderness

Tatra and Slovensky raj National Park• One possible conclusion: Smaller park but better mgmt practice and more value

Page 20: The Economics of Wilderness

Rila NP © Nicolas Cegalerba

The Economics of Wilderness

Making wilderness areas financially viable means seizing opportunities of emerging markets for ecosystem services• Payments for Ecosystem Services

Page 21: The Economics of Wilderness

Archipelago NP © Heidi Arponen

To protect wilderness we need to difersify incomes

• payments for carbon offset• payments for water-related and nature disaster mitigation• payments for recreational services

The Economics of Wilderness

Page 22: The Economics of Wilderness

The Economics of Wilderness

Majella NP © Bruno D’Amicis

Several steps are suggested for PA managers• define the wilderness attributes and their services• define stakeholders benefitting from ES• quantifying revenue and externalities including cost of inaction

Page 23: The Economics of Wilderness

The Million Project

Majella NP ©MNP

Building partnerships with protected areas

• Making a commitment to resolve a major challenge

• Improving wilderness management in partner protected areas

Page 24: The Economics of Wilderness

Archipelago NP © Seppo Keränen

The Million Project

To ensure guaranteed protection of 1 million hectares of wilderness

in Europe by 2015

Page 25: The Economics of Wilderness

A conservation partnerships

Majella NP © Bruno D’Amicis

• Wilderness partners: areas with wilderness committed to wilderness protection (no size criteria)

• Certified PAN Parks: branded parks with min. 10,000 ha of wilderness(best of Europe’s wilderness)

Page 26: The Economics of Wilderness

©iStock/Graeme Purdy

327,000 ha of wilderness

Wilderness momentum

• European Parliament’s special report on wilderness

• European Commission- ‘Agenda for Wilderness’

• Wilderness in Biodiversity Strategy

What we have achieved so far

Page 27: The Economics of Wilderness

Annual land take in Europe between2000-2006 was over 111,000 ha/year

Page 28: The Economics of Wilderness

The size equal to Crete was covered by

concrete in 7 years (2000-

2006)

The size equal to Crete was covered by

concrete in 7 years (2000-

2006)

Our goal: 5% of Europe must be

wilderness

Our goal: 5% of Europe must be

wilderness

1% (CR + BiH) is often quoted as

existing wilderness in

Europe

1% (CR + BiH) is often quoted as

existing wilderness in

Europe

4% of Europe is covered by

artificial surface in 2006 (annual

increase of 3,4%)

4% of Europe is covered by

artificial surface in 2006 (annual

increase of 3,4%)

If continues with the current

trend, we will have 5%

artificial surface by

2017

The Million Project aims to protect the size of

Cyprus!

The Million Project aims to protect the size of

Cyprus!

Page 29: The Economics of Wilderness

Paanajärvi NP ©Viktor Gritsuk

We can protect the last pieces of Europe’s wilderness together for future generations!

Join us in The Million Project!

Page 30: The Economics of Wilderness

PAN Parks works to protect

Europe’s wilderness, the

continent’s most undisturbed

areas of nature

www.panparks.org