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The Roman Empire The Roman Empire College English 10 College English 10 Walker Walker

The Roman Empire

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Page 1: The Roman Empire

The Roman EmpireThe Roman Empire

College English 10 College English 10

WalkerWalker

Page 2: The Roman Empire

A Brief HistoryA Brief History

The founding of Rome goes back to The founding of Rome goes back to the very early days of civilization. the very early days of civilization.

So old, known as 'the eternal city'. So old, known as 'the eternal city'.

Romans believed that city was Romans believed that city was founded in 753 BC. founded in 753 BC.

Modern historians believe it was 625 Modern historians believe it was 625 BC. BC.

Page 3: The Roman Empire

GovernmentGovernment

Early Rome Early Rome governed by kingsgoverned by kings, but after , but after only seven ruled, Romans took power only seven ruled, Romans took power over own city and ruled themselves over own city and ruled themselves

They had a They had a councilcouncil known as the known as the 'senate''senate' which ruled over them which ruled over them From this point on note as the 'Roman From this point on note as the 'Roman

Republic'.Republic'. The word The word 'Republic''Republic' comes from the Latin comes from the Latin

(the language of the Romans)(the language of the Romans) words words ''res res publicapublica'' meaning 'public matters' or 'matters of state‘meaning 'public matters' or 'matters of state‘

Page 4: The Roman Empire

The SenateThe Senate Job was to advise the kings Job was to advise the kings appointed a appointed a consul consul (head (head

guy),guy), who ruled Rome like a who ruled Rome like a king, but only for one yearking, but only for one year wise idea, because the wise idea, because the

consul ruled carefully and consul ruled carefully and not as a tyrant, for he knew not as a tyrant, for he knew he could be punished by the he could be punished by the next consul, once his year next consul, once his year was up. was up.

                                                  

A speech in the Roman A speech in the Roman

senatesenate

Page 5: The Roman Empire

Four Classes of PeopleFour Classes of People

SLAVESSLAVES::

• Owned by Owned by other people. other people.

• They had no They had no rights at all.rights at all.

PLEBIANSPLEBIANS::

• They were They were free people. free people.

• They had They had little say at all.little say at all.

EQUESTRIANS:EQUESTRIANS: AKA- 'knights' AKA- 'knights'

• means the means the “riders” “riders”

• They were They were given a horse to given a horse to ride if they were ride if they were called to fight called to fight for Rome. for Rome.

• Had to be Had to be rich.rich.

NOBLES:NOBLES:

• called called “patricians” “patricians”

• All the real All the real power in Rome power in Rome lay herelay here

Page 6: The Roman Empire

Julius Caesar FactsJulius Caesar Facts Rome's most famous citizenRome's most famous citizen Roman politician and generalRoman politician and general conquered the vast territory of the Gauls to the north conquered the vast territory of the Gauls to the north

of his province in Franceof his province in France In the year 49 BC crossed the river between his In the year 49 BC crossed the river between his

province and Italy, called the river Rubicon, and province and Italy, called the river Rubicon, and conquered Rome itself which he then ruled as a conquered Rome itself which he then ruled as a dictator. dictator.

His military campaigns also took him to Egypt where His military campaigns also took him to Egypt where he met the famous Cleopatra.he met the famous Cleopatra.His life was ended as he was infamously murdered in His life was ended as he was infamously murdered in the senate in Rome.the senate in Rome.

A month of the year is still named after him and his A month of the year is still named after him and his heirs today, July heirs today, July (after (after JuliusJulius Caesar) Caesar)

Shakespeare wrote a famous play called Shakespeare wrote a famous play called Julius CaesarJulius Caesar about his famous murder about his famous murder (yes- we’ll be reading this!) (yes- we’ll be reading this!)

Page 7: The Roman Empire

Map of Ancient RomeMap of Ancient Rome

Colosseum

Circus Maximus

Forum of Julius

Caesar

Page 8: The Roman Empire

ColosseumColosseum

The Colosseum The Colosseum was begun by was begun by Vespasian was Vespasian was finished by Titus finished by Titus in AD 80.in AD 80.

could contain an could contain an audience of audience of between 45'000 between 45'000 and 50'000 and 50'000 spectators. spectators.

Page 9: The Roman Empire

The Colosseum:The arena area today – as seen from the second level up

over the present main entrance

Page 10: The Roman Empire

Circus MaximusCircus Maximus very ancient originvery ancient origin Its basic facilities appear Its basic facilities appear

to date back as far as 329 to date back as far as 329 BCBC

Today nothing really Today nothing really remains but the large remains but the large space, cleared of any space, cleared of any modern buildings in the modern buildings in the 1930's1930's

once was filled by the once was filled by the massive structure which massive structure which housed as many as housed as many as 250'000 spectators. 250'000 spectators.

Page 11: The Roman Empire

Forum of Julius CaesarForum of Julius Caesar

Using his booty from Using his booty from conquests of Gaul, Caesar conquests of Gaul, Caesar built the Forum Julium built the Forum Julium

undoubtedly Caesar's grand undoubtedly Caesar's grand reply to Pompey's theatre, reply to Pompey's theatre, and supplied entertainment and supplied entertainment

begun in 51 BC and begun in 51 BC and completed in 46 BCcompleted in 46 BC

Once contained not Once contained not merely a statue of the merely a statue of the goddess Venus, but so goddess Venus, but so too of Julius Caesar and too of Julius Caesar and his Egyptian lover his Egyptian lover Queen Cleopatra.Queen Cleopatra.

Page 12: The Roman Empire

The CensusThe Census Every Every fivefive years years, each , each male Roman citizenmale Roman citizen

had to register in Rome for the census. had to register in Rome for the census. he had to declare his family, wife, children, he had to declare his family, wife, children,

slaves and riches. slaves and riches. Should he fail to do this, his possessions Should he fail to do this, his possessions

would be confiscated and he would be sold would be confiscated and he would be sold into slavery.into slavery.

Throughout the entire republican era, Throughout the entire republican era, registration in the census was the only way registration in the census was the only way that a Roman could that a Roman could ensure that his identity ensure that his identity and status as a citizen were recognized.and status as a citizen were recognized.

Page 13: The Roman Empire

Scribes and CensorsScribes and Censors

ScribesScribes = responsible to compile the = responsible to compile the list from the censuslist from the census

CensorsCensors = responsible to scrutinize = responsible to scrutinize each man, evaluate his riches and each man, evaluate his riches and his rank and placing him in his his rank and placing him in his rightful place within the civic rightful place within the civic hierarchy of Rome hierarchy of Rome (four classes).(four classes).

Page 14: The Roman Empire

Roman DressRoman Dress

clothes needed to be simpleclothes needed to be simple only one type of material: Wool, linen was only one type of material: Wool, linen was

available at timesavailable at times

            

                          

TogaToga

                  

                          

Stola and Stola and PallaPalla

                  

                        

Stola and Stola and PallaPalla

                    

                          

Priest's TogaPriest's Toga

                    

                    

The Palla The Palla CloakCloak

Page 15: The Roman Empire

The TogaThe Toga The standard dress worn by Roman citizens was The standard dress worn by Roman citizens was

the the togatoga for men and the for men and the stolastola for women. for women. Basically it was a large blanket, draped over Basically it was a large blanket, draped over

the body, leaving one arm free.the body, leaving one arm free. anyone who didn't want to be seen as a slave anyone who didn't want to be seen as a slave

or a workman in Rome had to be seen in a or a workman in Rome had to be seen in a togatoga

Page 16: The Roman Empire

What was the women’s role?What was the women’s role?

Note this quote from the ancient Note this quote from the ancient Cicero:Cicero:

''Our ancestors, in their wisdom, Our ancestors, in their wisdom, considered that all women, because considered that all women, because of their innate weakness, should be of their innate weakness, should be under the control of guardians.under the control of guardians.‘‘

Hypothesize the role of women in pairs.Hypothesize the role of women in pairs.How did their role differ from a man’s? How did their role differ from a man’s?

Page 17: The Roman Empire

Sources:Sources:

http://www.roman-empire.net/http://www.roman-empire.net/index.htmlindex.html