Tomorrow's Learners, Tomorrow's Technologies: Preparing for the Predictions

Tomorrow’s Learners, Tomorrow’s Technologies: Preparing for the Predictions

Lola F. FrancisJoyce NeujahrKristin EchtenkampKaren Tercho

Teaching, Learning, and Technology (TLT) CommitteeLibrary Instruction Round Table (LIRT)

July 1, 2013Chicago, Illinois

2013 ALA Annual Conference

Library Instruction Round Table (LIRT) is a roundtable of the American Library Association (ALA) and advocates library instruction as a means for developing competent library and information use as a part of lifelong learning.

LIRT membership represents all types of libraries (academic, public, school, and special) committed to this goal.


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Teaching, Learning, and Technology (TLT) CommitteeLibrary Instruction Round Table (LIRT)

July 1, 2013Chicago, Illinois

2013 ALA Annual Conference

Teaching, Learning, and Technology Committee (TLT)

This committee will be responsible for identifying and promoting the use of technology in library instruction.

Special attention will be given to technologies that enhance learning and can be easily adapted to a variety of different learning environments.

Activities will include assisting with programs, writing reviews and articles for the newsletter, and promoting research that relates to our charge.

Liaison with ALA committees and groups with similar interests.



Committee Members

Current Co-chairpersons New Chairperson or Co-chairLola Francis (2010-2014) This could be you or someoneAva Iuliano (2011-2013) you know.

Kristin Echtenkamp (2012-2014)L. Meghann Kuhlmann (2012-2014), Virtual MemberJeffrey Lambert (2012-2014)Corliss Lee (2009-2014)Joyce Neujahr (2012-2014)Victoria Lynn Packard (2011-2013)Elizabeth Psyck (2012-2014), Virtual MemberEric Resnis (2009-2013), Virtual MemberSarah I. Smith (2011-2013)Karen Tercho (2012-2014), Virtual Member


Voluntary Participation

Engage your class using any device. Socrative is a smart student (attendee) response system that empowers teachers to engage their classrooms through a series of educational exercises and games via smartphones, laptops, and tablets.

Socrative


Voluntary Participation

1.Go to m.socrative.com2.Enter 383893 (room number)

http://m.socrative.com/lecturer/#mainScreen


Networking Opportunity

1. If you are sitting at a table where you know everyone, then switch to a different table and introduce yourself. (You can take someone you know with you, if that will make it easier to do.)

2. If you are sitting at table where you don’t know anyone, then take a moment to introduce yourself to at least one other person.

http://www.timer-tab.com/


Research Questions

1. What are the current and predicted trends with the use of technology (mobile devices, apps, gesture-based computing, gaming, etc.) in education?

2. How are programs being analyzed and evaluated?

3. Who are the learners and what is the learning environment of the future?

4. What are the concerns and ways to prepare or for which to think about preparing?


Research Publications: Reports

ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and Information Technology, 2012

Fast Track to the Future: The 2012 IBM Tech Trends Report

GigaOM Pro: Mobile Industry 2012 Segment Analysis

Horizon Report: 2012 Higher Education Edition

Pew Internet: Younger Americans’ Reading and Library Habits

Pew Internet: How Teens Do Research in the Digital World

Tech2020 Report: 2020 Executive Summary



EDUCAUSE (ECAR)

• 195 institutions• 100,000+ students worldwide• Study focus

• Students’ perceptions of technology• How technologies contribute to academic experience• How technologies contribute to academic achievement

• Key Findings• Blended modalities and engaging learners is a winning combination.• The time has come to move beyond thing about individual platforms and devices.• Students believe that technology is critical to academic success and that it plays an

important part in their future accomplishments.• Students want multiple communication options, and they prefer different modes for

different purposes and audiences.



GigaOM PRO

“GigaOM Pro gives you insider access to industry insights on emerging markets. Focused on delivering highly relevant and timely research to the people who need it most, our analysis, reports, and original research come from the most respected voices in the industry. Whether you’re beginning to learn about a new market or are an industry insider, GigaOM Pro address the need for relevant, illuminating insights into the industry’s most dynamic markets.” (p. 61)



HORIZON

• Research in report jointly conducted by the New Media Consortium (NMC) and the EDUCAUSE Learning Initiative (ELI).

• Funded by grant from Hewlett Packard (HP)• International experts in education, technology, and other fields serve as advisory board.• Three global editions: higher education, primary and secondary education, and museum

education• Each report highlights six (6) emerging technologies or practices that are likely to be

adopted within the next five (5) years.• Key Findings

• People expect to be able to work, learn, and study whenever and wherever they want to.• The technologies we use are increasingly cloud-based, and our notions of IT support are

decentralized. • The world of work is increasingly collaborative, driving changes in the way student projects

are structured.• The abundance of resources and relationships made easily accessible via the Internet is

increasingly challenging us to revisit our roles as educators.• Education paradigm’s are shifting to include online learning, hybrid learning and collaborative

models.• There is a new emphasis in the classroom on more challenge-based and active learning.



IBM Center for Applied Insights

• 1,200 professionals who make technology decisions for their organizations• 16 different industries• 13 countries

• 250 academics (same 13 countries)• 450 students (same 13 countries)• Study focus

• To better understand how technology trends are impacting future IT professionals.• Key Findings

• Four (4) pivotal technologies• Mobile technology• business analytics• cloud computing• social business

• IT skill shortages• Security concerns are increasing



PEW: Library Habits Survey

“The Pew Research Center’s Internet & American Life Project has taken a special look at readers between the ages of 16 and 29 because interest in them is especially high in the library world and the publishing world. This report examines how they encounter and consume books in different formats. It flows out of a larger effort to assess the reading habits of all Americans ages 16 and older as e-books change the reading landscape and the borrowing services of libraries.”

Study Findings: • 83% of Americans between the ages of 16 and 29 read a book in the past year.• Among Americans who read e-books, those under age 30 are more likely to read their

e-books on a cell phone (41%) or computer(55%) than on an e-book reader(23%) or tablet(16%).

• Overall, 47% of younger Americans read long-form e-content such as books, magazines or newspapers.

• Texas A & M Sustainability Initiative• 60% of Americans under age 30 used the library in the past year. • Many of these young readers do not know they can borrow an e-book from a library,

and a majority of them express the wish they could do so on pre-loaded e-readers.

http://12thman.tamu.edu/2013/05/



PEW: Library Habits Survey


Research Publications: ReportsPEW: Research Skills Report

• Data collection was conducted in two phases• Phase one (focus-groups)• Phase two (online survey)

• Study focus• The goal of these discussions was to hear teachers and students talk about, in their own

words, the different ways they feel digital technologies such as the internet, search engines, social media, and cell phones are shaping students’ research and writing habits and skills.

• Key findings• Virtually all (99%) AP and NWP teachers in this study agree with the notion that “the internet enables

students to access a wider range of resources than would otherwise be available,” and 65% agree that “the internet makes today’s students more self-sufficient researchers.”

• At the same time, 76% of teachers surveyed “strongly agree” with the assertion that internet search engines have conditioned students to expect to be able to find information quickly and easily.

• Large majorities also agree with the notion that the amount of information available online today is overwhelming to most students (83%) and that today’s digital technologies discourage students from using a wide range of sources when conducting research (71%).

• Fewer teachers, but still a majority of this sample (60%), agree with the assertion that today’s technologies make it harder for students to find credible sources of information.

• Given these concerns, it is not surprising that 47% of these teachers strongly agree and another 44% somewhat believe that courses and content focusing on digital literacy should be incorporated into every school’s curriculum.


Learner Anecdotal Information


What’s Out There Now?

(Image courtesy of http://tech2020.wikispaces.com/2020+Executive+Summary)

https://www.thinglink.com/scene/407216528413425664#tlsite


What’s Out There Now?

Library Instruction Tools

Research Skills• http://www.google.com/insidesearch/searcheducation/index.html

Personalized/customized learning environments• http://www.cengage.com/mindtap/overview.html

Paradigm Shift• Collaborative Learning and Assessment

http://www.google.com/insidesearch/searcheducation/index.html

http://www.google.com/insidesearch/searcheducation/index.html

http://www.cengage.com/mindtap/overview.html

http://www.cengage.com/mindtap/overview.html


What’s Coming?

Library Instruction Tools | Technology

Tech2020

New User Interfaces (gesture-based computing)• http://

research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/awilson/publications/WilsonICMI2003/ICMI%202003.pdf

• Voice Recognition

Paradigm Shift• GBL (Game-based learning)

• Mobile• Virtual

• Holographic• Robotic

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b7P1NlYWOwI

http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/awilson/publications/WilsonICMI2003/ICMI%202003.pdf



http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7EQTUKpB4Sw

http://m.socrative.com/lecturer/#quizzes


Organizational Opportunity

http://youtu.be/RJK8ftkyhaQ


Literature Review Key Findings: Question 1

What are the current and predicted trends with the use of technology (mobile devices, apps, gesture-based computing, gaming, etc.) in education?

SOURCE TREND

ECAR Mobile devices

Students: More open educational resources (OERs), simulations or game-based learning (GBL), more use of course or learning management systems, and ebooks.

IBM Mobile technologies, cloud computing, analytics, and social networks.




SOURCE TREND

GigaOM Pro HTML5 Apps

Horizon 1 year or less• Mobile apps• Tablet computing2 to 3 years• Game-Based Learning• Learning Analytics4 to 5 years• Gesture-Based Computing• Internet of Things




SOURCE TREND

Pew (reading) Respondent’s report reading MORE because of e-formats and reading MORE items in e-formats.

Pew (research) “Google”ing






Interesting facts:• ECAR reported that in one year’s time, from 2011 to 2012, the number

of student’s using a smartphone for academic purposes nearly doubled, from 37% to 67%.

• IBM reported that 65% of enterprise respondents to 2012 Tech Trends report a shortage in next-generation mobile software engineering skills.

• Seventy-five percent of the academics and students polled say that, primarily because of the slow pace of updating curricula and the cost involved, their institutions can’t always provide students all the critical skills they need.




How are programs being analyzed and evaluated?

Evaluation should move away from simplistically counting and recording to a deeper engagement with the learner and their experiences, perceptions and feelings. This requires new skills and the development of methodologies that capture the personal learning experience. Stages in assessing impact:1. Choose the intervention2. Specify the objectives for the intervention3. Develop success criteria4. Identify evidence that needs to be collected5. Select appropriate data collection methods6. Collect and analyse data.7. Present results8. Feed into further developments/changes (i.e. start again) (Roberts, S. & Weaver, M.)




• Effective evaluation considers inputs, outputs and outcomes.• Embed the legitimate voice of users into any evaluation.• Early discussions about evaluation during stages of project.• Evaluate for accountability, development and knowledge.• Evaluation should be undertake[n] by multi-professional team of staff

with different perspectives and skills.• Data collection should be done by multiple methods (surveys, interviews,

focus groups, photographs, etc.).• Evaluation should be based on individual student experience.

(Roberts, S. & Weaver, M.)




Definition: Learning analytics is an emerging field in which sophisticated analytic tools are used to improve learning and education. It draws from, and is closely tied to, a series of other fields of study including business intelligence, web analytics, academic analytics, educational data mining, and action analytics.

Tools• Homegrown/internal• Springshare LibAnalytics• SNAPP • LOCO-Analyst • BEESTAR INSIGHT• Blackboard Analytics• Moodle Analytics• LiveText

Techniques• Heatmapping (Crazy Egg)• Surveys• Focus Groups• Program review plan• Learner Assessment

• Tests/quizzes• Projects• Portfolios• Simulations

http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/Learning_analytics

http://springshare.com/libanalytics/



http://sloanconsortium.org/conference/2012/et4online/snapp-case-study-learning-analytics

http://www.jelenajovanovic.net/LOCO-Analyst/

http://www.beestar.eu/aboutus

http://www.blackboard.com/Platforms/Analytics/Overview.aspx

http://www.elearninglearning.com/analytics/moodle/

http://www.livetextconference.com/training.html




Who are the learners and what is the learning environment of the future?

• Millennials born between 1982 - 2002• Social rules are not important, individualism is paramount• Fulfillment in helping others, but on their own terms• Often work in groups, they combine their academic and

social lives• More connected to their parents and look to them for

help with decision making• Have not developed problem solving skills

• Instant access to everything and expect immediate feedback 24/7



Who are the learners and what is the learning environment of the future?

• Web searching – proceed erratically and make only limited attempts to evaluate quality or validity

• Unclear how they determine the validity of information gathered, or whether or not validity is even a concern

• They know how to search, but don’t believe there is an objective standard to evaluate information

• Non-critical view of information• Research about the causes of this perception should help

identify effective strategies in teaching them• Understanding their lifestyle is key to developing a robust

service program to engage and support them



http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=91YCHx31RhY



#LirtTLT

http://www.pewresearch.org/quiz/how-millennial-are-you/



Who are the learners and what is the learning environment of the future?Learning Environment

• Open educational resources: MIT• “Students continue to express an interest in learning environments that blend

technology with face-to-face instruction”. (ECAR)• “Students expect their instructors to use technology to engage them in the

learning process, and instructors are responding”. (ECAR)• “Students want access to academic progress information and course material

via their mobile devices, and institutions deliver”. (ECAR)• “Students report that basic technologies have the greatest impact on their

success”. (ECAR)• “Technology training and skill development for students is better than new,

more, or “better” technology. (ECAR)

http://ocw.mit.edu/index.htm




What are the concerns and ways to prepare or for which to think about preparing?ECAR Recommendations

1. Continue to support blended learning environments.2. Don’t underestimate the importance of technology to students.3. Look to emerging or established leaders (other institutions, other

countries, other industries) for strategies.4. Develop a plan to learn about your students’ technology profile.5. Work with faculty to experiment with open educational resources and

game-based learning opportunities.6. Develop mobile IT strategies that allow for cross-platform compatibility.7. Prioritize the development or improvement of mobile-friendly resources.8. Focus on training/skill building opportunities for students and

professional development opportunities for faculty (and staff).9. Don’t assume all students know how to use the technology they own as

an academic tool.



What are the concerns and ways to prepare or for which to think about preparing?GigaOM Pro Recommendations

Trends to Watch• Smartphones

• Video and connected home• HTLM5

Companies to Watch• Apple and Samsung• Microsoft and Nokia• Google• Research In Motion (RIM)• Hewlett-Packard• Amazon• GetJar

• MVNOs• Hybrid Network Operators• Non-cellular mobile gadgets

Further Reading• A global mobile handset

forecast 2011-2015• Research In Motion: future

scenarios and its likely fate• App discovery: thinking

outside the search box



What are the concerns and ways to prepare or for which to think about preparing?Horizon Annual Reports

• Keep your eye on the reports and make comparisons between them.• Look at and compare the higher education and primary and secondary

editions.

Challenges• Economic pressures and new models of education are bringing

unprecedented competition to the traditional models of higher education.• Appropriate metrics of evaluation lag the emergence of new scholarly forms

of authoring.• Institutional barriers present formidable challenges to moving forward in a

constructive way with emerging technologies.



What are the concerns and ways to prepare or for which to think about preparing?IBM Recommendations

• Watch the “pacesetters”.• Position yourself to be able to take opportunities when they appear.• Get involved—partner with for-profit organizations.

Pew Recommendations

• Ebooks and ebook devices• Do more outreach



Summary

• Not-for-profit and for-profit institutions/organizations will continue to implement creative methods for recruiting and retention.

• Cutting-edge technologies should not be incorporated into the learning environment just for the sake of having them.

• Organizations should familiarize and update professionals with emerging technologies and generate plans for using those technologies efficiently and effectively prior to the arrival of those technologies—proactive vs. reactive.

• Learners expect learning to be personalized and customized.• Technology will continue to evolve.• Keep your eye on the “pacesetters”.• Use social media tools to stay up-to-date on technology and learning trends

by following organizations like Horizon, Educause, and Pew.• Students want technology used to engage them in their studies.• Students continue to want some kind of face-to-face or human connection.


Questions & Responses



Future Research

1. Learning characteristics of the growing population of non-traditional students.

2. K-12 distance education students.3. Personalized and customizable learning and learning environments.4. What are other industries doing?5. What are other countries doing?


ReferencesConnor, M., Browne, M. (2013). Navigating the information-scape: information visualization

and student search. Reference Services Review, 41(1), 91-112.ECAR. (2012). ECAR study of undergraduate students and information technology, 2012. Retrieved from

net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ERS1208/ERS1208.pdfElias, T. (2011). Learning analytics: Definitions, processes and potential. Gibbs, C., Kerton, D., Lamberth, L., Paolini, M., & Seals, T. (2012). Mobile industry 2012 segment analysis.

Retrieved from http://pro.gigaom.com/2012/09/ mobile-industry-2012-segment-analysis/Johnson, L., Adams, S. & Cummings, M. (2012). The NMC horizon report: 2012 higher education edition.

Austin, Texas: The New Media Consortium.Lippincott, J.K. (2010). Information Commons: Meeting millennials’ needs. Journal

of Library Administration, 50(1), 27–37.Lo, J., Wyble, C., & Hupfer, S. (2012). Fast track to the future: The 2012 tech trends report. Retrieved from

http://public.dhe.ibm.com/common/ssi/ecm/en /xie12346usen/XIE12346USEN.PDFPortet, S. (2010, November 4) We’re not what you think: Debunking the myths about millennials.

Retrieved from http://www.techrepublic.com/blog/cio-insights/were-not-what-you-think-debunking-the-myths-about-millennials/39746573

Purcell, K. , Rainie, L., Heaps, A., Buchanan,J., Friedrich,L. , Jacklin, A., Chen, C. & Zickuhr, K. (2012). How teens do research in the digital world. Retrieved from

http://pewinternet.org/Reports/2012/Student-Research/Summary-of-Findings.aspxRoberts, S., & Weaver, M. (2006). Spaces for learners and learning: Evaluating the impact of technology-

rich learning spaces. New Review Of Academic Librarianship, 12(2), 95-107.Taylor, A. (2012). A study of the information search behavior of the millennial generation. Information

Research, 17(1). Retrieved from http://informationr.net/ir/17-1/paper508.html.Zickuhr, K., Rainie, L., Purcell, K., Madden, M. & Brenner, J. (2012). Younger Americans’ reading and library

habits. Retrieved from http://libraries.pewinternet.org/2012/10/23/younger-americans-reading-and-library-habits/


Contact Information

Lola [email protected]

Joyce NeujahrDirector of Patron ServicesUniversity of Nebraska at [email protected]

Kristin EchtenkampReference and Instruction LibrarianNorthern State [email protected]

Karen TerchoBryan [email protected]