Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
unexploded ordnance.UXO in Land Fill Site
Class 1 TDG Dangerous Goods Items in your site can KILL!
3Rs of Explosives Safety
What Are Munitions• Munitions include:
• Artillery rounds• Bombs• Grenades
2
Do NOT Disturb what you find
• Do not move it • Do not play with it in any form until advised
otherwise• Do NOT turn any gauges!
THE 3 R are CriticalThe purpose of this lesson is to learn:
• What ammo (munitions) are and how to recognize when you may have come upon ammo• The reasons ammo, particularly unexploded ordnance (UXO), is dangerous• That ammo may be called different names. Although there may be others, ammo may be called military munitions, munitions,
ordnance, explosives, bombs or duds• The 3Rs of Explosives Safety Stress: The importance of understanding:
• Ammo, particularly UXO, is dangerous• Actions to avoid and take should you come upon ammo that will help keep them, their families, friends and communities safe• The 3Rs of Explosives Safety:
Recognize - when you may have encountered ammo and that ammo is dangerous; Retreat – do not go near, move, touch or disturb it, but carefully leave the area; and Report – tell a supervisor and ask them to call 911 (police).
Lock Down the site until advised otherwise!
Never approach a grenade that was thrown and did not detonate, even if you threw it. Do not move, jar, or disturb as the fuse may function at any time. Never pick up, move, or disturb a found grenade, even if the spoon or safety pin is attached. It may be booby-trapped to explode when disturbed.
GHS symbol and TDG placard/labels
http://www.transportation.alberta.ca/Content/docType272/Production/explosives.pdf
TDG Regulated by Class
What Are UXO
•UXO stands for unexploded ordnance.•Unexploded ordnance (UXO) are military munitions that failed to function properly upon use.
10
Munitions Components Fuze – contains the most sensitive explosives
• Arms a munition allowing it tofunction as intended
• Can, of itself, cause death orserious injury
Booster – contains a slightly less sensitive explosive, can be hazardous
Main Charge – explosive, chemical, other• Explosive produces a blast wave and fragments• Chemical may include toxic chemical agents
Body – encases all the components of the munition, usually made of metal
11
Munitions• May be hard to identify• Come in many shapes, sizes and types, even small
munitions can injure or kill• Include “simulators” and
“practice” munitions, which are also dangerous
• Can be dangerous regardless of age
12
Which Are Most Likely UXO?
1
54 6
32
7
13
New
Projectile
14Used
New
Rocket
15Used
Munitions can be encountered almost anywhere such as:Active military installationsWeapons and/or munitions test sitesFormerly Used Defense Sites (FUDS)A home, as part of a souvenir collectionTactical areas
16
Encountering Munitions
WWI training site that is now in a residential
development in both Canada and the United
States
UXO from live-fire using the same kind of weapon shown above.
17
Encountering Munitions
Never approach any closer to a UXO once it has been identified. Approaching UXOs may cause it to explode. Never strike, jar, or touch a UXO. Do not move or remove anything on or near a suspected UXO. UXOs can be extremely sensitive and can cause serious injury or death if disturbed in any way. Many types of UXO may contain an incendiary (fire producing), chemical, biological, or radiological hazard in addition to explosives. Do not make radio transmissions within 100 meters of a UXO. Some types of UXO are sensitive to electromagnetic radiation (EMR) and may explode.
Identify the four types and subgroups of UXO.1) Dropped
a) Bombs• Vary in length 3 to 6 feet.• Vary in diameter from 5 to 36 inches.• Often have a sloped or "bullet" shaped nose, fins,
and/or a parachute on the back.• May contain high explosive, incendiary, or chemical
fillers.
Performance Steps
Dropped
Bombs
Dispensers• Contain Numerous sub-munitions or bomblets.• Most have the same characteristics of bombs.• May be found intact or partially open.
Performance Steps
Dispensers
c) Sub-munitions• Can contain explosive, chemical, biological, radiological,
and/or incendiary hazards.• Designed to be scattered over a wide area.• Come in many shapes and sizes; may or may not be
"bullet" shaped. May look like balls, wedges, or cylinders.
• May have fins, ribbons, parachutes, or trip wires.
Performance Steps
Submunitions
Munitions can be encountered almost anywhere such as:Active military installationsWeapons and/or munitions test sitesFormerly Used Defense Sites (FUDS)A home, as part of a souvenir collection
29
Encountering Munitions
The DANGER is real!
•Souvenirs recently collected or purchased and brought home or even Civil War cannon balls and artillery projectiles can be:
• Kept for years without incident, until they detonate• Believed, incorrectly, to
be harmless, until they are proven otherwise
• Deadly
30
Projected
Mortars• Most have fins and have a "bullet" shape.• Range in size from 60 mm to 120 mm in diameter and
12 to 36 inches in length.• Can contain explosive, chemical, and/or incendiary
hazards.
Performance Steps
Mortars
c) Rockets• May or may not have fins; have some sort of rocket
motor vents in back.• Range in size from 24 inches to several feet in length.• Can contain explosive, chemical, and/or incendiary
hazards.
Performance Steps
Rockets
Guided Missiles• Most have fins; some have wires in the end for
guidance.• Very similar to rockets.• Can contain explosive or incendiary hazards.
Performance Steps
Guided Missiles
Guided Missiles
e) Rifle Grenades• Designed to be fired from rifles or shoulder fired
launchers.• Resemble rockets but are of smaller sized.• Can contain explosive and/or incendiary hazards.
Performance Steps
Rifle Grenades
Thrown• Includes all types of grenades, including simulators.• Most are round or cylindrical in shape and are small
enough to be thrown by a person.• Can contain explosive and/or incendiary hazards.• Dud simulators require the same safety procedures as
other ordnance.
Performance Steps
Thrown Grenades
Thrown Grenades
Placed• Includes all land or sea mines.• Range in size from 2 inches in diameter to several feet in
length.• Have a variety of fuse types pressure plates, tilt rods,
trip wires, electronic sensors, or command detonated.• Can contain explosive, incendiary, or chemical hazards.
Performance Steps
Land Mines
Land Mines
Land Mines
The 3Rs of Explosives SafetyWhen you encounter a munition outside DnD’s military munitions management system:
• Recognize – that munitions are dangerous• Retreat – do not approach, touch, disturb or
move it, but leave the area• Report – call 911 or tell your chain of command
what you saw, and where you saw it
57
Recognize• Munitions may: − Not look like a projectile, rocket or bomb− Look harmless, but they are dangerous− Be shiny or rusty− Be clean or dirty
• Even though a munition may not have been moved for yearsor has been moved dozens oftimes, it may still explode.
• Leave it alone!
58
Recognize• Munitions may: − Not look like a projectile, rocket or bomb− Look harmless, but they are dangerous− Be shiny or rusty− Be clean or dirty
• Even though a munition may not have been moved for yearsor has been moved dozens oftimes, it may still explode.
• Leave it alone!
59Grenade fuze
UXO Photos
Length = approximately 4 to 4.5 inchesDiameter = approximately 1.5 inches
UXO Photos
UXO Photos
Length = approximately 2 feetDiameter = approximately 4 inches
UXO Photos
UXO Photos
Length = 1.5 feetDiameter = approximately 4 inches
UXO Photos
New ammo looks like this:
Used ammo may look like this:
67
Ammo may be hard to recognize
Ammo may:
• Look:– New– Like ammo– Like something else
• Be shiny or rusty• Be clean or dirty• Be covered with leaves, branches or dirt• Be in the water
68
69
Some UXO are hard to identify• UXO comes in many shapes, sizes, and types.
–Flares, simulators, and blasting caps look harmless, but they are all dangerous.–Don’t be fooled by the word “simulator.”–Size and age don’t matter.
• Small items can injure or kill.• Old war souvenirs can be dangerous
UXO Examples
UXO Examples
UXO Examples
UXO Examples
Suicide Vest
Partially Detonated IED
IEDs in OIF/OEF
OPD MARCH 2004
Pepsi Can IED
Saddam Poster IED
More IEDs
Firing Wire
Explosive Charge(s)Blasting Cap
Car Alarm w/ Batteries
D cell Batteries
Electric BlastingCap
Car Alarm
Firing Wire
Explosive Charge
D Cell Batteries
Car AlarmCar Alarm D Cell Batteries
IEDs in OIF/OEF
OPD MARCH 2004
Chechnya IED
OPD MARCH 2004
Chechnya IED
OPD MARCH 2004
Retreat, Lock down that site until advised otherwise
• Do not go near, touch, move or disturb a munition or suspect munition.
• Carefully, leave the area, the same way you entered it.
85
If you see or come upon something that may be ammo, do not:
• Go near it• Touch, move or disturb it
Carefully leave the area by the same path
Be safe, if you do not know what it is, do not touch it
86
Report
87
• Report what you saw and where you saw it to:
– Military police or local law enforcement
– Your chain of command
• Trained explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) personnel will dispose of the item.
Be Safe
• Remember, munitions can kill!– Leave them alone– Get away from them– Report them to law enforcement or your chain
of commend immediately• Keep yourself and others safe.
88
9-Explosive Hazard Spot Report1) Date and time of the fall, impact, or finding of the UXO item(s).2) The exact location of item(s) landmarks, reference points, or street
addresses.3) The name and organization of person reporting the incident
including call sign or phone number.4) Identify UXO by type (dropped, projected, thrown, placed) and
subgroup.5) Any CBRN contamination present?6) What resources are threatened?7) How the UXO has affected site.8) The safety measures that have been taken including the evacuation
distances that have been accomplished.9) The requested priority for receiving EOD support (immediate,
indirect, minor, no threat).
Remember, if you encounter or suspect you have encountered a munition:
91
