Using Protective Factors to Inform Work with Child Maltreatment

Sign up for webinar email no1fica1ons h"p://bit.ly/MFLN-‐No2fy

Provide feedback and earn CE Credit with one link:

We will provide this link at the end of the webinar

Welcome to the Military Families Learning Network Webinar:

Using Protective Factors to Inform

Work with Child Maltreatment"

This material is based upon work supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the Office of Family Policy, Children and Youth, U.S. Department of Defense under Award Numbers 2010-48869-20685 and 2012-48755-20306.

Welcome to the Military Families Learning Network


Research and evidenced-‐based professional development

through engaged online communi2es eXtension.org/militaryfamilies

POLL

How would you best describe your current employer?


https://www.facebook.com/MilitaryFamilyAdvocate https://twitter.com/MFLNFamDev #eXfamdev https://www.youtube.com/user/MIlFamLN https://www.linkedin.com/groups/Military-Families-Learning-Network-6617392\

To receive no2fica2ons of future webinars and other learning opportuni2es from the Military Families Learning Network, sign up for the Email Mailing list at: h>p://bit.ly/MFLNlist

•  Webinar participants who want to get 2.0 NASW CE Credits (or just want proof of participation in this training) need to take the post-test provided at the end of the webinar"

»  CE Certificates of completion will be automatically emailed to participants upon completion of the evaluation & post-test. "

»  Questions/concerns surrounding the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) CE credit certificates can be emailed to this address: [email protected]"

»  Sometimes state/professional licensure boards for fields other than social work recognize NASW CE Credits, however, you would have to check with your state and/or professional boards if you need CE Credits for your field. "

"•  To learn more about obtaining CE Credits, please visit this website:

http://blogs.extension.org/militaryfamilies/family-development/professional-development/nasw-ce-credits/"

CE Credit Information"

Today’s Presenters:

Alicia Luckie. M.S. is a Training and Technical Assistance Coordinator for the FRIENDS National Center for CBCAP. Alicia has worked in the child abuse and neglect prevention field for 18 years. Alicia has a Master’s Degree in Counseling and Human Development with an emphasis in Early Childhood and Adolescents. She has extensive knowledge in local and statewide network development, evidence-based practice in prevention, and program development and implementation. Alicia has experience in working with local, state, and federal governments, public-private partnerships, and evaluation. She has provided workshops and trainings in prevention at the state and national level.

INSERT PHOTO

Casandra Firman, M.S. is a training and technical assistance coordinator for the FRIENDS National Center for Community Based Child Abuse Prevention. She led FRIENDS’ efforts to develop its evaluation toolkit; collaborated with the Child Welfare Information Gateway on the Logic Model Builder, a web-based program for creating logic models; was lead staff in the national effort to develop the Protective Factors Survey (PFS), a survey designed and tested in partnership with the University of Kansas for evaluating effectiveness in increasing family protective factors. Casandra was instrumental in the adaptation and testing of a Spanish language Protective Factors Survey (S-PFS) that was released in 2014.

INSERT PHOTO

Using Protec2ve Factors to Inform Work with Child Maltreatment

Alicia Luckie and Casandra Firman

FRIENDS National Center for Community-Based Child Abuse Prevention

Overview

•  Risk Factors •  Protec2ve Factors •  Comparison of Protec2ve Factors Frameworks

• Discussion/ Q & A

Think about a challenging 0me in your family’s or your personal life. What made it possible for

you to bounce back?

No single cause

Occurs across all ethnic, socioeconomic and religious groups.

The presence of risk does NOT mean abuse or neglect is des2ned to occur. Most families with risk factors DO NOT mistreat their children

Child Maltreatment

Risk Factors

Parent

Child

Individual Risk

Factors

Parent

Rela1onships Child

Risk Factors

Parent

Rela1onships

Community

Child

Risk Factors

Parent

Rela1onships

Community

Child

Risk Factors Environment

What’s at stake? (Besides human suffering . . . .)

The Centers for Disease Control and Preven2on (CDC) es2mates the life2me costs associated with child maltreatment at $124 billion.

What’s at stake? (Besides human suffering. . . .)

Productivity Loss Health Care Special Education Child Welfare Criminal Justice $83.5 Billion $25 Billion $4.6 Billion $4.6 Billion $3.9 Billion

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

What are “ACEs”? Adverse Childhood Experiences

•  Physical Abuse •  Sexual Abuse •  Emo2onal Abuse

Child Abuse

•  Emo2onal Neglect •  Physical Neglect Neglect

• Witnessing domes2c violence • Alcohol or other substance-‐abuse in the household • Mentally ill or suicidal person in the home • Loss of parent to death or abandonment, divorce • Crime in home (incarcera2on of a family member)

Growing up in a seriously

dysfunc2onal household

33"Report No ACEs

51"Report 1-3 ACES

16"Report 4-8 ACEs

WITH 0 ACEs

1 in 16 smokes

1 in 69 are alcoholic

1 in 480 uses IV drugs

1 in 14 has heart disease

1 in 96 a>empts suicide

WITH 3 ACEs

1 in 9 smokes


1 in 43 uses IV drugs



WITH 7+ ACEs

1 in 6 smokes


1 in 30 use IV drugs



PROBABILITY OF SAMPLE OUTCOMES GIVEN 100 AMERICAN ADULTS

Life Expectancy

People with six or more ACEs died nearly 20 years earlier on average than those without ACEs

6+ ACEs

0 ACEs

80 Years

60 Years

So what can we do?

Difficult beginnings are not des1ny.

•  Physical Abuse •  Sexual Abuse •  Emo2onal Abuse

Child Abuse

•  Emo2onal Neglect •  Physical Neglect Neglect

• Witnessing domes2c violence • Alcohol or other substance-‐abuse in the household • Mentally ill or suicidal person in the home • Loss of parent to death or abandonment, divorce • Crime in home (incarcera2on of a family member)

Growing up in a seriously dysfunc2onal household

Characteris2cs, situa2ons or events that reduce or buffer the affects of risk and promotes

resilience in the face of risk.

Protec1ve Factors (not a silver bullet, but one of the best hedges

out there)

Condi2ons that can protect families and promote resilience

Serve as a buffer against adversity—when present in families, likelihood of child maltreatment goes down

A Protec2ve Factors framework focuses on building strengths rather than focusing exclusively on risks and deficits.

Condi2ons that can protect families and promote resilience

Serve as a buffer against adversity—when present in families, likelihood of child maltreatment goes down

A Protec2ve Factors framework focuses on building strengths rather than focusing exclusively on risks and deficits.

The six Protec2ve Factors

• Nurturing and a"achment • Knowledge of paren2ng and child development

• Parental resilience • Social connec2ons • Concrete supports for parents • Social and emo2onal competence of children

Nurturing and A"achment

The emo2onal 2e along with a pa"ern of posi2ve interac2on between the parent

and child that develops over 2me.

How you can help •  Help parents interpret children’s behavior •  Help parents learn to respond to their infants and children’s verbal and non-‐verbal cues

•  Address maternal depression •  Set up developmentally appropriate interac2ve ac2vi2es that include both child-‐ and parent-‐directed play

Nurturing and A"achment

When parents are nurturing—consistently and over 2me—children learn to trust that their parents will provide what they need to thrive. This trust is a founda2on for secure rela2onships.

Children’s age appropriate ability to regulate their emo2ons, engage with others, and

communicate feelings.

Children’s Social Emo1onal Competence

Children’s Social Emo1onal Competence

What we know: • Social emo2onal development is founda2onal •  It is influenced by many biological, social , and environmental factors

• Children’s social emo2onal behaviors impact others

How you can help: • Coopera2ve play ac2vi2es, stories including good models of pro-‐social behaviors.

• Help parents understand the importance of and how to foster pro-‐social behaviors.

• Directly teach and model pro-‐social skills. • Be mindful in your responses to child behaviors

Access to tangible goods and services to help families cope with stress, par2cularly

in 2mes of crisis or intensified need.

Concrete Supports

•  It isn’t always clear if a family is in need. •  S2gma can be a barrier •  Naviga2on of systems is challenging

Concrete Supports

How you can help: •  Iden2fy needs •  Support families knowledge of and ability to

access what is in the community •  Model and coach parents in accessing concrete

support. •  Serve as an advocate for services

Social Connec2ons

Friends and Family, Neighbors,

Faith Communi1es Clubs,

Associa1ons Community,

School

Perceived informal support rom family, friends, and neighbors that helps provide for emo2onal needs. Being connected –to family, community, friends—increases well-‐being and helps to build a safety-‐net for children and families.

We need social networks with • Posi2ve emo2onal support • Posi2ve paren2ng norms • Resource sharing and mutual help

How you can help • Set aside a welcoming space for parents to socialize. • Offer opportuni2es for parents and families to get together in “normalizing” situa2ons (e.g. picnics, block par2es, potlucks)

• Create group ac2vi2es and environments for social sharing • Facilitate mutual support ac2vi2es • Create a socially inclusive culture

Social Connec2ons Social Connec2ons

Knowledge of Paren1ng and Child Development

Understanding and using effec2ve child management techniques and having age-‐appropriate expecta2ons for children and

youth’s abili2es.

Parents need knowledge of: •  The normal range of development •  Individual children’s developmental needs •  How to encourage developmental milestones •  Posi2ve, effec2ve approaches to discipline •  When seek help with their child’s challenging behaviors.

How you can help: •  “Just in 2me” paren2ng educa2on •  Guided observa2on of their child’s behavior •  Trusted authori2es •  Safe environments •  Opportuni2es to try out new strategies

Knowledge of Paren1ng and Child Development

Resilience

Having adap2ve skills and strategies to persevere in 2mes of crisis. Family’s ability to openly share posi2ve and nega2ve experiences and mobilize to accept, solve, and manage problems.

• Hope and Op2mism, Problem solving skills • Ability to maintain/restore calm • Self-‐care • Help seeking, Future orienta2on, recovery

• How you can help: • Support for parental decision-‐making • Valida2on and encouragement • Training/support for self-‐care • Training/support in problem solving • Mindfulness

Resilience

Social and Emotional Competence

Resilience

Social Connections

Social Ecological Model for Preven2ng Child Abuse and Neglect

Individual

Family Community

Society

What are the Approaches?

Center for the Study of Social Policy (CSSP) Strengthening Families™

Center for the Study of Social Policy (CSSP) Youth Thrive™

Administra2on for Children Youth and Families

(ACYF) Protec2ve Factors

Conceptual Model

Center for Disease Control (CDC) Essen2als for Childhood

CSSP Strengthening Families™ Strengthening Families is focused on building five protec2ve factors associated in the research literature with lower rates of child abuse and neglect and with op2mal child development: �

–  Parental Resilience –  Social Connec2ons –  Knowledge of Paren2ng and Child Development –  Concrete Support in Times of Need –  Social-‐Emo2onal Competence of Children

To find out more informa2on visit: www.strengtheningfamilies.net

ACYF Protec2ve Factors

Conceptual Model The Administra2on on Children Youth and Families

(ACYF) focused on five popula2on groups: •  Infants, children, and adolescents who are vic2ms of child abuse and neglect;

•  Runaway and homeless youth; •  Youth in or transi2oning out of foster care; •  Children and youth exposed to domes2c violence; and

•  Pregnant and paren2ng teens.

Key Findings •  Evidence for protec2ve factors is found at the individual, rela2onship, and community levels of influence for all five popula2ons

•  Ten protec2ve factors were iden2fied with highest levels of evidence across the in-‐risk

•  Evidence of protec2ve factors for in-‐risk popula2ons is strongest for the developmental period of adolescence. (over the age of 12)

For more informa2on, h"p://www.dsgonline.com/ACYF

h"p://www.cdc.gov/violencepreven2on/childmaltreatment/essen2als/

“Safe, stable, nurturing rela2onships and environments are essen2al to prevent child maltreatment (CM) and to assure that children reach their full poten2al.”

CDC, Essen1als for Childhood

A Protec1ve Factors Frame Across Development

Prenatal – 5 years 6 – 26 years

Parent Protec1ve Factors FRIENDS PFS , CDC, Strengthening Families

Child & Youth Protec1ve Factors ACYF Framework and Youth Thrive

Adapted from CSSP Strengthening Families

Protec1ve Factor Parent Focused

Child and Youth Focused

Resilience Parent effectively despite stress and challenges

Self-confidence Personal Responsibility Self-compassion Positive self-concept Help-seeking Proactive coping strategies

Social Connec1ons Positive social networks that support parenting

Healthy, supportive, caring relationships with adults and peers Positive Peer Norms Opportunities for constructive engagement in school and community

Concrete Supports Access to the resources and supports to help you meet your child’s needs

Access to resources and supports (e.g., skill building, crisis support, housing)

Knowledge of Paren1ng Child/Youth Development

Understand your child’s development and how to parent to support that development

Ability to identify and reflect on own strengths Clear understanding of youth development (youth and those who work with youth)

Social and Emo1onal Competence

Understand and nurture the social-emotional competence of children

Ability to regulate emotions and control impulses Critical thinking, planning, decision-making, conflict-resolution and communication skills. Positive emotions (e.g., joy, optimism, faith)

Nurturing and A>achment

Building emotional bonds between parent and child across the developmental spectrum

Positive parent-child interactions Positive caring adult relationships (mentors, home visitors)

Applying the Framework

Professional Development

Policy and Systems

Parent Partnerships

-‐  Training across disciplines

-‐  E-‐learning -‐  Coaching and

Supervising -‐  Conferences -‐  New workers

-‐  RFPs -‐  Logic

Models -‐  Networks -‐  Allowable

expenses

-‐  Training -‐  Parent

Leadership Roles

-‐  Parent Cafés

Feedback Ques1on

What strategies could I use to infuse the protec2ve factors into my work with children and families?

See: Worksheet for iden1fying program strengths/needs related to building protec1ve factors

Discussion/Ac2vity Think about a challenging 0me in your family’s or your personal life. What made it possible for you to

bounce back?

What protec0ve factors were in ac0on?

Measuring Protec2ve Factors

Interview Question #1: Think about when

you first started our program. What were

you facing that you hoped the program

could help you with? Parent comments

below: Con

cret

e su

ppor

ts

Soci

al c

onne

ctio

ns

Kno

wle

dge

pare

ntin

g

Res

ilien

ce

Nur

turin

g/A

ttach

men

t

Soc/

Emo

com

pete

nce

Tally of responses

Interview Ques1on #2. Think about people who have known you for a long 1me. How would they describe your strengths? What strengths do you have that they may not know about?

Parent comments below:

Con

cret

e su

ppor

ts

Soci

al c

onne

ctio

ns

Kno

wle

dge

pare

ntin

g

Res

ilien

ce

Nur

turin

g/A

ttach

men

t

Soc/

Em. C

com

pete

nce

Tally of responses

Interview Question #3: Please tell me

about any changes in yours or your

family’s lives that have happened as a

result of this program.

Con

cret

e su

ppor

ts

Soci

al c

onne

ctio

ns

Kno

wle

dge

pare

ntin

g

Res

ilien

ce

Nur

turin

g/A

ttach

men

t

Soc/

Em. C

ompe

tenc

e

Tally of responses

Thank You! The FRIENDS National Center for Community Based Child Abuse Prevention

Alicia Luckie [email protected]

334.567.3291

Casandra Firman [email protected]

360.769.7167

•  Webinar participants who want to get 2.0 NASW CE Credits (or just want proof of participation in this training) need to take this post-test AND evaluation: https://vte.co1.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_9NZN0HGgw0bbyi9

•  CE Certificates of completion will be automatically emailed to participants upon completion of the evaluation & post-test. "

»  Questions/concerns surrounding the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) CE credit certificates can be emailed to this address: [email protected]"

»  Sometimes state/professional licensure boards for fields other than social work recognize NASW CE Credits, however, you would have to check with your state and/or professional boards if you need CE Credits for your field. "

"•  To learn more about obtaining CE Credits, please visit this website:

http://blogs.extension.org/militaryfamilies/family-development/professional-development/nasw-ce-credits/"

CE Credit Information"


Upcoming Webinars:

Thursday, February 12th @ 11:00 am Eastern Domestic Violence: Helping Survivors Obtain Economic Freedom https://learn.extension.org/events/1865#.VIJhgL7yPKA Thursday, March 5th @ 11:00 am Eastern Latino Military Families: Current Issues & Implications for Clinical Work https://learn.extension.org/events/1845#.VH8_g77yPKA

Military Families Learning Network"


Find all upcoming and recorded webinars covering: "

Family DevelopmentMilitary Caregiving "Personal Finance "Network Literacy"

"http://www.extension.org/62581

"