VISUAL SYMBOLS

VISUAL SYMBOLS Visual symbols – are representation of direct reality,

which comes in the form of signs and symbols.

Rules of thumbs in using visuals

1. Visuals must be directly relevant to the audio content .

2. Redundancy between visual and audio must be avoided. If words are displayed, viewers must given time to read.3. Visual displays should be big enough to be seen by the farthest pupil.4. Visual displays must be attractive.

5. Visual displays must be aesthetically presented to maintain good taste.

KINDS OF VISUAL SYMBOLS

1. Cartoons – tell a stories metaphorically through pictures, which need no captions.

- a pictorial representation or caricature of person, idea, situation or issue that is designed to influence public opinion.

2. Photographs – are also still a pictures, which can be mounted or un-mounted, photographic reproductions taken from the magazine or books. They appear in black and white in full color.

3. Illustrations – are non photographic reconstruction or representation of reality, etched or drawn by an illustrator .

- it also show the direction at which movement must

take its course or instruction on how to go about

assembling a tool in science or a material or equipment .

- is a depiction or  meaning conveyed through pictures, that is created to elucidate or dictate sensual information.

Purpose on Where the flat picture, photographs and illustration can be used for teaching;

1. To concretize words and symbols.2. To lend meaning to what one reads.3. To introduce or motivate.4. To correct misconceptions.

Posters – is a combination of bold designs and color primarily intended to catch attention on significant fact, idea or message.

Characteristics of a good Poster

1. It must be hold an simple but dramatizes features.2. It must be appropriate to the grade level and to

subject and purpose/s.3. It must have only limited text; few words are

generally used and key words are made to standout by means of type size or position.

4. It must be attractive, pleasing to the eyes.5. Design and color must be given consideration. 6. It must have elements of dynamism and shock.

3. Drawings and sketches- Crude and simple lines, which are effective in

showing what needs to be shown with sufficient clarity, to make the meaning vivid to learners.

- Stick drawing with no elusion of depth but a smart teacher can use them in a very effective way in explaining and showing ideas and concepts.

4. Diagrams- are simplified drawings designed to show interrelationship primarily by means

of lines and symbols.- used to condense visual summaries of facts;

the ideas rely heavily on symbolic means.

5. Charts- graphic or pictorial representations of a large

mass of information or showing progression thru time and space of people or events, ideas and object.

Kind of charts and examples

Data chart – contains items of information of all sorts especially quantitative data.

2. Pictorial chart – use relevant pictures to present data or information on quantifiable data over a specific period or condition.

3. Schematic chart – shows principle or a law as applied like that of refrigeration.

4. Diagrammatic chart – verb chart is a popular example.

5. Multiple leaf chart – internal working parts of a machine.

7. Development or progress chart – profile of a place or person.

6. Phantom view chart – shows hidden parts of a machine without obliterating the outer parts.

9. Time and tabular chart – presidents and their term of office.

8. Table chart – bus strip.

11. Flow or organizational chart – school personnel chart, life cycle of a frog or the water cycle.

10. Stream or tree chart – family tree.

6. Graphs- presents quantitative data for easier analysis

and interpretation.- shows comparative relationship of data involve

in size, trends and growth.

Kinds of Graphs1. Line graphs – the most accurate of all graphs used in plotting trends of relationships between two series of data, also used when there is considerable number of data to be plotted and if these data are continues.

2. Bar graphs – simplest of all graphs to read - represented either by vertical or

horizontal bars.

Vertical bar graph

Horizontal bar graph

3. Circle or pie graph – used to present components parts of a whole.

- parts or segments are calculated in percentage or fractional parts of a whole.

4. Area or solid graph - use for simplest quantitative comparison of components parts of a whole.

5. Pictorial statistics or pictograph – make use of related pictures in showing quantitative data. - most widely used in elementary grades.

Principles in pictographing1. Simplicity – pictures used must be simple2. Comparison of relationship must be strikingly

seen.3. Approximates rather than precise amounts

are represented.4. Pictorial symbols used must be self

explanatory.5.Quantities are usually shown by the number

of symbols rather than by size.

7. Strip drawing- recommended for their story value in

adaptation of the classic.- effective instruction not only because they

are simple, clear and easy to read but because they deal with materials that made personal.

* Comics strip – form of cartooning in which the same cast of characters form a story in sequence of closely related drawings designed to entertain the readers.

Values derived from the strip drawings

1. Increases interest in the subject 2. individualizes and personalizes instruction for

certain types of pupils.3. Serves as a valuable practice in reading4. Widens reading interest.5. To summarize a unit.6. To arouse emotions.

4. Flashcards – valuable materials for drill activities particularly in the teaching of Math, English, and Filipino.

- drills are very important means of fixing the skills and automatizing the responses of pupil.

Consideration in using Flashcards.

1. Must be bold and big enough to be seen by everybody.

2. Flash the cards in a fast or snappy manner to develop fast thinking or response.

3. Flash the cards from back to front.4. Hold the flashcards firmly at your chest level.

THANK YOU

MELVIN O. RESPETO SHARER