Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage Tanques de aço soldados para Armazenamento de petróleo API STANDARD 650 ELEVENTH EDITION, JUNE 2007 API 650 PADRÃO DÉCIMA PRIMEIRA EDIÇÃO, JUNHO DE 2007
1. Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage Tanques de ao soldados
para Armazenamento de petrleo API STANDARD 650 ELEVENTH EDITION,
JUNE 2007 API 650 PADRO DCIMA PRIMEIRA EDIO, JUNHO DE 2007
2. Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage Tanques de ao soldados
para Armazenamento de petrleo Downstream Segment Seguimento
downstream API STANDARD 650 ELEVENTH EDITION, JUNE 2007 API 650
PADRO DCIMA PRIMEIRA EDIO, JUNHO DE 2007.
3. SPECIAL NOTES API publications necessarily address problems
of a gen- eral nature. With respect to particular circumstances,
local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.
Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants,
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either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy,
completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or
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of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this
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Classified areas may vary depending on the location, conditions,
equipment, and substances involved in any given jurisdiction. Users
of this Standard should consult with the appropriate authorities
having jurisdiction. Users of this Standard should not rely
exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound
business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be
used in employing the information contained herein. API is not
undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or
suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and
others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions,
nor undertaking their obligations to comply with authorities having
juris- diction. Information containing safety and health risks and
proper precautions with respect to particular materials and con-
ditions should be obtained from the employer, the manu- facturer or
supplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet. API
publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort
has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and
reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute
makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with
this publication and he- reby expressly disclaims any liability or
responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the
violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this
publication may conflict. API publications are published to
facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and
operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate
the need for applying sound engineering judgment re- garding when
and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation
and publication of API publica- tions is not intended in any way to
inhibit anyone from using any other practices. NOTAS ESPECIAIS
Publicaes de API necessariamente resolvem problemas de carter
geral. Com relao a determinadas circunstn- cias, a legislao local,
estadual e federal e a regulamen- tao deve ser revista. Nem e API
nem da API de empregados, subcontratados, consultores, comisses ou
outros cessionrios tornam qualquer garantia ou representao,
expressa ou impl- cita, relativamente a preciso, abrangncia ou
utilidade das informaes aqui contidas, ou assumir qualquer
responsabilidade ou responsabilidade por qualquer uso dos
resultados dessa utilizao, de quaisquer informaes ou processo
divulgadas nesta publicao. API nem qual- quer dos funcionrios da
API, subcontratados, consulto- res, ou outro representantes
cessionrios que usam desta publicao no violaria a privacidade de
direitos de pro- priedade. Zonas classificadas podem variar
dependendo da locali- zao, condies, equipamentos e substncias
envolvidas em qualquer jurisdio determinada. Os usurios desta norma
devero consultar as adequadas autoridades den- tro da jurisdio. Os
usurios desta Norma no devem confiar exclusiva- mente nas informaes
contidas neste documento. Neg- cios, cientficos, engenharia, de som
e acrdo de segu- rana deve ser utilizado em empregando as informaes
aqui contidas. API no o compromisso de cumprir as obrigaes dos
empregadores, os fabricantes ou fornecedores para avisar e
corretamente treinar e equipar seus trabalhadores e outros
expostos, relativas sade e os riscos de segu- rana e precaues, nem
a empresa cumprir com suas obrigaes para com as autoridades
competentes. Informaes contendo os riscos de segurana e sade e
precaues adequadas com relao a determinado mate- riais e condies
devem ser obtidas com a entidade pa- tronal, o fabricante ou
fornecedor de que o material, ou a folha de dados de segurana.
Publicaes de API podem ser utilizadas por qualquer pessoa que
deseje faz-lo. Todos os esforos foi feito pelo Instituto para
garantir a preciso e confiabilidade dos dados contidos neles; no
entanto, o Instituto no faz ne- nhuma representao, garantia ou
garantia em conexo com a presente publicao e aqui expressamente se
isenta de qualquer responsabilidade ou responsabilidade por perdas
ou danos resultantes de seu uso ou para a violao de quaisquer
autoridades tendo jurisdio com o qual esta publicao pode entrar em
conflito. Publicaes de API so publicadas para facilitar a ampla
disponibilidade de engenharia de som, comprovada, e as prticas de
funcionamento. Estas publicaes no se destinam a evitar a
necessidade de aplicao de boa engenharia acrdo sobre quando e onde
estas publica- es devem ser utilizadas. A formulao e a publicao de
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pessoa de utilizar quaisquer outras prti- cas.
4. Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in
conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is
solely responsible for complying with all the applicable
requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or
guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable
API standard. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be
repro- duced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher.
Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Ser- vices, 1220 L Street,
N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. Qualquer fabricante de equipamentos
de marcao ou materiais em conformidade com os requisitos de marca-
o de uma norma API o nico responsvel pelo cum- primento de todos os
requisitos aplicveis da norma. API no representa, ou garante que
tais produtos estejam efetivamente em conformidade com a norma API
aplic- vel. Todos os direitos reservados. Nenhuma parte deste tra-
balho pode ser reproduzida, armazenada em um sistema de recuperao,
ou transmitidos por qualquer meio, ele- trnico, mecnico, fotocpia,
gravao ou de qualquer forma, sem permisso prvia por escrito da
editora. Entre em contato com o Publisher, API Servios de publicao,
1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.
5. NOTICE instructions for submitting a proposed revision to
this standard under continuous maintenance This Standard is
maintained under continuous mainten- ance procedures by the
American Petroleum Institute for which the Standards Department.
These procedures es- tablish a documented program for regular
publication of addenda or revisions, including timely and
documented consensus action on requests for revisions to any part
of the Standard. Proposed revisions shall be submitted to the
Director, Standards Department, American Petroleum Institute, 1220
L Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20005- 4070, [email protected].
ANNCIO instrues para a apresentao de pro reviso colo- cada a esta
norma sob contnua manuteno Este padro mantido sob contnuo
procedimento de manuteno pelo instituto americano de petrleo para o
Departamento de Normas. Estes procedimentos de esta- belecer um
programa de documentado para a publicao regular de aditamentos ou
revises, incluindo aes de consenso atempada e documentada sobre os
pedidos de reviso de qualquer parte da norma. Revises propostas
sero apresentadas ao Diretor do Departamento de nor- mas, instituto
americano de petrleo, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005-4070,
[email protected].
6. FOREWORD This Standard is based on the accumulated knowledge
and experience of Purchasers and Manufacturers of welded steel oil
storage tanks of various sizes and capaci- ties for internal
pressures not more than 17.2 kPa (2 pounds per square inch) gauge.
This Standard is meant to be a purchase specification to facilitate
the manufacture and procurement of storage tanks for the petroleum
in- dustry. If the tanks are purchased in accordance with this
Stan- dard, the Purchaser is required to specify certain basic
requirements. The Purchaser may want to modify, delete, or amplify
sections of this Standard, but reference to this Standard shall not
be made on the nameplates of or on the Manufacturers certification
for tanks that do not fulfill the minimum requirements of this
Standard or that exceed its limitations. It is strongly recommended
that any mod- ifications, deletions, or amplifications be made by
sup- plementing this Standard rather than by rewriting or in-
corporating sections of it into another complete standard. The
design rules given in this Standard are minimum requirements. More
stringent design rules specified by the Purchaser or furnished by
the Manufacturer are accepta- ble when mutually agreed upon by the
Purchaser and the Manufacturer. This Standard is not to be
interpreted as approving, recommending, or endorsing any specific
design or as limiting the method of design or construc- tion.
Shall: As used in a standard, shall denotes a minimum requirement
in order to conform to the specification. Should: As used in a
standard, should denotes a rec- ommendation or that which is
advised but not required in order to conform to the specification.
This Standard is not intended to cover storage tanks that are to be
erected in areas subject to regulations more stringent than the
specifications in this Standard. When this Standard is specified
for such tanks, it should be fol- lowed insofar as it does not
conflict with local require- ments. The Purchaser is responsible
for specifying any jurisdictional requirements applicable to the
design and construction of the tank. After revisions to this
Standard have been issued, they may be applied to tanks that are to
be completed after the date of issue. The tank nameplate shall
state the date of the edition of the Standard and any revision to
that edition to which the tank has been designed and constructed.
Each edition, revision, or addenda to this API Standard may be used
beginning with the date of issuance shown on the cover page for
that edition, revision, or addenda. Each edition, revision, or
addenda to this API Standard becomes effective six months after the
date of issuance for equipment that is certified as being
constructed, and PREFCIO Esta Norma baseada no conhecimento e
experincia acumulados dos compradores e dos fabricantes de tan-
ques de ao soldados para armazenamento de leo de vrios tamanhos e
capacidades para presses internas no superior a 17,2 kPa (2 libras
por polegada qua- drada) do indicador. Esta Norma pretende ser uma
espe- cificao de compra para facilitar a produo e aquisio de
armazenamento de tanques para a indstria do petr- leo. Se as
cisternas so adquiridas de acordo com esta Nor- ma, o comprador
obrigado a especificar certos re- quisitos bsicos. O Comprador
poder desejar modificar, apagar ou amplificar sees desta Norma, mas
a refern- cia a esta Norma no deve ser feita com placas de identi-
ficao ou a certificao do fabricante, para os tanques que no cumprem
os requisitos mnimos desta Norma ou que ultrapassem as suas
limitaes. altamente reco- mendvel que quaisquer modificaes,
supresses ou ampliaes sero feitas, completando esta Norma e do que
reescrever ou incorporao de partes dele em outro modelo completo.
As regras de projeto dado nesta Norma so requisitos mnimos.
Projetos com regras mais rigorosas especifica- das pelo Comprador
ou fornecidas pelo fabricante so mutuamente aceitvel quando
acordados pelo comprador e o fabricante. Esta Norma no deve ser
interpretada como aprovao, recomendando, ou assinar qualquer
projeto especfico ou como uma restrio ao mtodo de concepo ou
construo. Deve: Como usado em uma norma, "deve" indica um requisito
mnimo para se adequar especificao. Caso: Como usado em um padro,
"dever" denota uma recomendao ou o que recomendado mas no exigido,
a fim de estar em conformidade com a especificao. Esta Norma no se
destina a cobrir os tanques de arma- zenamento que esto a ser
erguidos em reas sujeitas a regulamentaes mais severas do que as
especificaes desta Norma. Quando este padro especificado para esses
tanques, que devem ser seguidos na medida em que no entra em
conflito com os requisitos das auto- ridades locais. O Comprador
responsvel por especifi- car os requisitos de competncia aplicveis
concepo e construo do tanque. Depois que revises para esta Norma
forem emitidos, podem ser aplicados a tanques que esto a ser
concludos aps a data de emisso. A placa de identifica- o do tanque
deve indicar a data da edio da norma e qualquer reviso que a edio
para que o reservatrio foi projetado e construdo. Cada edio, reviso
ou adendo a este API padro pode ser utilizado a partir da data de
emisso indicada na capa para essa edio, reviso ou adendos. Cada
edio, reviso, ou adendas a esta API Norma entra em vigor seis meses
aps a data de emisso para o equipamento que certificado como sendo
construdo e testado por esta Norma. Durante o prazo de seis meses
entre a data de
7. tested per this Standard. During the six-month time be-
tween the date of issuance of the edition, revision, or addenda and
the effective date, the Purchaser and the Manufacturer shall
specify to which edition, revision, or addenda the equipment is to
be constructed and tested. API publications may be used by anyone
desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to
assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them;
however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or
guarantee in connection with this publication and he- reby
expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or
damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal,
state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may
conflict. Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted
to the Downstream Segment, American Petroleum Insti- tute, 1220 L
Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. emisso da edio, reviso ou
adendas e a data de vi- gncia, o Comprador e o fabricante deve
especificar a que edio, reviso ou adendas que o equipamento est a
ser construdo e testado. Publicaes API podem ser usadas por
qualquer pessoa que deseje faz-lo. Todo esforo foi feito pelo
Instituto para assegurar a exatido e a confiabilidade dos dados
neles contidos, porm, o Instituto no faz qualquer repre- sentao,
garantia ou garantia em relao a esta publica- o e expressamente se
isenta de qualquer obrigao ou responsabilidade por perdas ou danos
resultantes do seu uso ou pela violao de qualquer regulamento
federal, estadual, municipal a que esta publicao possa entrar em
conflito. Revises sugeridas so convidadas e devem ser envia- das
para o segmento a jusante, instituto americano de petrleo, 1220 L
Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.
8. Important information concerning use of asbes- tos or
alternative materials Asbestos is specified or referenced for
certain compo- nents of the equipment described in some API
standards. It has been of extreme usefulness in minimizing fire ha-
zards associated with petroleum processing. It has also been a
universal sealing material, compatible with most refining fluid
services. Certain serious adverse health effects are associated
with asbestos, among them the serious and often fatal diseases of
lung cancer, asbestosis, and mesothelioma (a cancer of the chest
and abdominal linings). The degree of exposure to asbestos varies
with the product and the work practices involved. Consult the most
recent edition of the Occupational Safe- ty and Health
Administration (OSHA), U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational
Safety and Health Standard for Asbestos, Tremolite, Anthophyllite,
and Actinolite, 29 Code of Federal Regulations Section 1910.1001;
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Emission
Standard for Asbestos, 40 Code of Federal Regulations Sections
61.140 through 61.156; and the U.S. Environ- mental Protection
Agency (EPA) rule on labeling re- quirements and phased banning of
asbestos products (Sections 763.160-179). There are currently in
use and under development a num- ber of substitute materials to
replace asbestos in certain applications. Manufacturers and users
are encouraged to develop and use effective substitute materials
that can meet the specifications for, and operating requirements
of, the equipment to which they would apply. Safety and health
information with respect to particular products or materials can be
obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that
product or material, or the material safety data sheet. Informaes
importantes sobre uso de amianto ou materiais alternativos O
amianto especificado ou referenciado para certos componentes dos
equipamentos descritos em algumas normas API. Foi de extrema
utilidade na minimizao de riscos de incndio associados com o
processamento de petrleo. Foi tambm um material de vedao universal,
compatvel com servios mais fluido de refino. Certos efeitos
adversos graves de sade esto associa- dos com amianto, entre eles
as doenas graves e muitas vezes fatais de cncer de pulmo, asbestose
e mesoteli- oma (um cancro do trax e guarnies abdominais). O grau
de exposio ao amianto varia de acordo com o produto e as prticas de
trabalho envolvidas. Consulte a edio mais recente do Servio de
Segurana e Administrao de Sade (OSHA), U.S. departamento do
trabalho, segurana e sade ocupacional norma de ami- anto,
Tremolita, Antofilite e actinolita, 29 Cdigo de Re- gulamentos
Federais Seo 1910.1001; e os U.S. agencia de proteo ambiental,
emisso nacional de norma para Amianto, 40 do cdigo federal
Regulations Sees 61,140 por 61,156, e os U.S. Agencia de proteo
ambiental (EPA) pronunciar-se sobre exigncias de rotulagem e
progressiva interdio de produtos de amianto (Sees 763.160-179).
Existe atualmente em uso e em desenvolvimento uma srie de materiais
alternativos para substituir amianto em determinadas aplicaes. Os
fabricantes e os utilizadores so encorajados a desenvolver e
utilizar material substi- tuto eficaz que possa atender as
especificaes e requi- sitos operacionais do equipamento ao qual se
aplicam. Informaes sobre segurana e sade com respeito a
determinados produtos ou materiais podem ser obtidos pelo
empregador, do fabricante ou fornecedor do produto ou material, ou
a ficha de segurana.
14. Suporte de cabo de andaime 5-23 Grounding Lug . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .5-53 Terminal de terra 5-24 Typical
Stiffening-Ring Sections for Tank Shells (See Table 5-20) . . . . .
. . . . ...5-54 Enrijecimento de anel-tipico Sees de cascas de
tanque (ver Tabela 5-20) 5-25 Stairway Opening through Stiffening
Ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...5-57 Abertura de escada atravs enrijecimento de anel 5-26 Some
Acceptable Column Base Details. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . ..5-64 Alguns Detalhes Aceitveis da coluna de
base 5-27 Overturning Check for Unanchored Tanks . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-67 Verificao de Capotamento
de Tanques unanchored 6-1 Shaping of Plates . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .6-2 Formao de placas 8-1 Radiographic Requirements for Tank
Shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-2
Requisitos para Radiografia de casca de tanque 10-1 Manufacturers
Nameplate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . ...10-1 Placa de identificao do fabricante
10-2 Manufacturers Certification Letter . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...10-2 Carta de Certificao
do fabricante B-1 Example of Foundation with Concrete Ringwall . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...B-3 Exemplo de fundao
com concreto Ringwall B-2 Example of Foundation with Crushed Stone
Ringwall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..B-4 Exemplo de
fundao com achatamento de pedra Ringwall E-1 Coefficient Ci . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . ..E-10 Coeficiente Ci F-1 Appendix F
Decision Tree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..F-2 Apndice F Deciso de viga F-2
Permissible Details of Compression Rings . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...F-3 Detalhes admissveis de
compresso de Anis G-1 Data Sheet for a Structurally-Supported
Aluminum Dome Added to an Existing Tank. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . G-2 Folha de Dados para uma estrutura suportada de
Alumnio Dome Adicionada a um tanque Existente G-2 Typical Roof
Nozzle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-8 Tpico telhado de Bico I-1
Concrete Ringwall with Undertank Leak Detection at the Tank
Perimeter (Typical Arrangement) .. . . . . . . . . . . . I-1 Beto
Ringwall com Undertank Deteco de vazamento no Permetro do Tanque
(Arranjo Tpico) I-2 Crushed Stone Ringwall with Undertank Leak
Detection at the Tank Perimeter (Typical Arrangement) .... I-2
Achatamento de pedra Ringwall com Undertank Deteco de vazamento no
Permetro do Tanque (Arranjo Tpico) I-3 Earthen Foundation with
Undertank Leak Detection at the Tank Perimeter (Typical
Arrangement) . . . . . . . . . . I-2 Fundao de barro com Undertank
Deteco de vazamento no Permetro do Tanque (Arranjo Tpico) I-4
Double Steel Bottom with Leak Detection at the Tank Perimeter
(Typical Arrangement).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-3 Duplo ao de
fundo com Deteco de vazamento no Permetro do Tanque (Arranjo Tpico)
I-5 Double Steel Bottom with Leak Detection at the Tank Perimeter
(Typical Arrangement) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-3
Duplo ao de fundo com Deteco de vazamento no Permetro do Tanque
(Arranjo Tpico) I-6 Reinforced Concrete Slab with Leak Detection at
the Perimeter (Typical Arrangement) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . I-4
15. Beto armado com laje com Deteco de vazamento no Permetro
(Arranjo Tpico) I-7 Reinforced Concrete Slab with Radial Grooves
for Leak Detection (Typical Arrangement) .. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . .I-4 Beto armado com laje com Radial Grooves para Deteco de
Vazamentos (Arranjo Tpico) I-8 Typical Drawoff Sump . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . I-5 Tpico DrawOff Sump I-9 Center Sump for Downward-Sloped
Bottom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-5
Centro de reservatrio para fundo descendente-Inclinado I-10 Typical
Leak Detection Wells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-6 Deteco de vazamento tpico Wells
I-11 Tanks Supported by Grillage Members (General Arrangement) . .
. . . . . .. . . . . .I-8 Tanques Apoiado por Membros gradeado
(Acordo Geral) O-1 Example of Under-Bottom Connection with Concrete
Ringwall Foundation. O-3 Exemplo de Sub-Conexo inferior com
concreto Ringwall Fundao O-2 Example of Under-Bottom Connection
with Concrete Ringwall Foundation and Improved Tank Bottom and
Shell Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O-4 Exemplo de
Sub-Conexo inferior com concreto Ringwall Fundao e Melhor Fundo de
Tanque e suporte de casca O-3 Example of Under-Bottom Connection
with Earth-Type Foundation . . . . . . . . .O-5 Exemplo de
Sub-Conexo inferior com a fundao Terra-Tipo P-1 Nomenclature for
Piping Loads and Deformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . .P-4 Nomenclatura para cargas de tubagens e Deformao P-2A
Stiffness Coefficient for Radial Load: Reinforcement on Shell (L /
2a = 1.0) . .P-5 Rigidez Coeficiente de carga radial: Reforo na
Shell (L / 2a = 1,0) P-2B Stiffness Coefficient for Longitudinal
Moment: Reinforcement on Shell (L / 2a = 1.0). . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . P-5 Coeficiente de rigidez longitudinais Momento:
Reforo na casca (L / 2a = 1,0) P-2C Stiffness Coefficient for
Circumferential Moment: Reinforcement on Shell (L / 2a = 1.0). . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P-6 Coeficiente de rigidez
circunferencial Momento: Reforo na casca (L / 2a = 1,0) P-2D
Stiffness Coefficient for Radial Load: Reinforcement on Shell (L /
2a = 1.5) . .P-6 Rigidez Coeficiente de carga radial: Reforo na
casca (L / 2a = 1,5) P-2E Stiffness Coefficient for Longitudinal
Moment: Reinforcement on Shell (L / 2a = 1.5)... . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . P-7 Coeficiente de rigidez longitudinais Momento:
Reforo na casca (L / 2a = 1,5) P-2F Stiffness Coefficient for
Circumferential Moment: Reinforcement on Shell (L / 2a = 1.5).. ..
. . . . . . . . . . . . . P-7 Coeficiente de rigidez
circunferencial Momento: Reforo na casca (L / 2a = 1,5) P-2G
Stiffness Coefficient for Radial Load: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck
Only (L / 2a = 1.0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P-8 Rigidez
Coeficiente de carga radial: Reforo no Bico somente no pescoo (L /
2a = 1,0) P-2H Stiffness Coefficient for Longitudinal Moment:
Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L / 2a = 1.0) . . . . . . . .
P-8 Coeficiente de rigidez longitudinais Momento: Reforo no Bico
somente no pescoo (L / 2a = 1,0) P-2I Stiffness Coefficient for
Circumferential Moment: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L / 2a =
1.0) . . . . . . . P-9 Coeficiente de rigidez circunferencial
Momento: Reforo no Bico somente no pescoo (L / 2a = 1,0) P-2J
Stiffness Coefficient for Radial Load: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck
Only (L / 2a = 1.5).. . . . ... . . . . . . . P-9 Rigidez
Coeficiente de carga radial: Reforo no Bico somente no pescoo (L /
2a = 1,5) P-2K Stiffness Coefficient for Longitudinal Moment:
Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L / 2a = 1.5) . . . . . . . .
P-10 Coeficiente de rigidez longitudinais Momento: Reforo no Bico
somente no pescoo (L / 2a = 1,5) P-2L Stiffness Coefficient for
Circumferential Moment: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L / 2a =
1.5) . . . . . . P-10 Coeficiente de rigidez circunferencial
Momento: Reforo no Bico somente no pescoo (L / 2a = 1,5) P-3A
Construction of Nomogram for b1, b2, c1, c2 Boundary . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . ..P-12
16. Construo do nomograma diviso b1, b2, c1, c2 P-3B
Construction of Nomogram for b1, c3 Boundary. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . ..P-12 Construo do nomograma de diviso b1, c3
P-4A Obtaining Coefficients YF and YL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..P-13 Obteno de
coeficientes YF e YL P-4B Obtaining Coefficient YC . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P-14 Obtendo Coeficiente YC P-5A Determination of Allowable Loads
from Nomogram: FR and ML . . . . . . . . . P-16 Determinao da carga
admissvel a partir do nomograma: FR e ML P-5B Determination of
Allowable Loads from Nomogram: FR and MC . . . . . . . ..... . P-16
Determinao da carga admissvel a partir do nomograma: FR e MC P-6
Low-Type Nozzle with Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (for
Sample.Problem) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P-17
Tipo-baixa de bico com Reforo no Bico somente no pescoo (por
exemplo. Problema) P-7 Allowable-Load Nomograms for Sample Problem
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P-19 carga- admissvel
Nomogramas por Amostra Problema P-8A Stress Factor fR Due to Radial
Thrust FR, d/tn = 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
..P-45 Fator de tenso fR Devido Radial impulso FR, d/tn = 10 P-8B
Stress Factor fR Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 30 . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . ..P-45 Fator de tenso fR Devido Radial
impulso FR, d/tn = 30 P-8C Stress Factor fR Due to Radial Thrust
FR, d/tn = 50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..P-46
Fator de tenso fR Devido Radial impulso FR, d/tn = 50 P-8D Stress
Factor fR Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 100 . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . ..P-46 Fator de tenso fR Devido Radial impulso
FR, d/tn = 100 P-8E Stress Factor f Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn =
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...P-47 Fator de tenso
f Devido Radial impulso FR, d/tn = 10 P-8F Stress Factor f Due to
Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ...P-47 Fator de tenso f Devido Radial impulso FR, d/tn = 30 P-8G
Stress Factor f Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 50 . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . ..P-48 Fator de tenso f Devido Radial
impulso FR, d/tn = 50 P-8H Stress Factor f Due to Radial Thrust FR,
d/tn = 100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..P-48 Fator de
tenso f Devido Radial impulso FR, d/tn = 100 P-9A Stress Factor fr
Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 10 . . . . . . . . . . .
P-49 Fator de tenso fr Devido ao momento circunferencial MC, d/tn =
10 P-9B Stress Factor fr Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn =
30 . . . . . . . . . . . P-49 Fator de tenso fr Devido ao momento
circunferencial MC, d/tn = 30 P-9C Stress Factor fr Due to
Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 50 . . . . . . . . . . . P-50
Fator de tenso fr Devido ao momento circunferencial MC, d/tn = 50
P-9D Stress Factor fr Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 100
. . . . . . . . . . P-50 Fator de tenso fr Devido ao momento
circunferencial MC, d/tn = 100 P-9E Stress Factor f Due to
Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 10 . . . . . . . . . . ..P-51
Fator de tenso f Devido ao momento circunferencial MC, d/tn = 10
P-9F Stress Factor f Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 30 .
. . . . . . . . P-51 Fator de tenso f Devido ao momento
circunferencial MC, d/tn = 30 P-9G Stress Factor f Due to
Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 50 . . . . . . . . . . .P-52
17. Fator de tenso f Devido ao momento circunferencial MC, d/tn
= 50 P-9H Stress Factor f Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn =
100 . . . . . . . . . .P-52 Fator de tenso f Devido ao momento
circunferencial MC, d/tn = 100 P-10A Stress Factor fr Due to
Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...P-53
Fator de tenso fr Devido ao momento Longitudinal ML, d/tn = 10
P-10B Stress Factor fr Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 30 . .
. . . . . . . . . . . ...P-53 Fator de tenso fr Devido ao momento
Longitudinal ML, d/tn = 30 P-10C Stress Factor fr Due to
Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...P-54
Fator de tenso fr Devido ao momento Longitudinal ML, d/tn = 50
P-10D Stress Factor fr Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 100 .
. . . . . . . . . . . ...P-54 Fator de tenso fr Devido ao momento
Longitudinal ML, d/tn = 100 P-10E Stress Factor f Due to
Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...P-55
Fator de tenso f Devido ao momento Longitudinal ML, d/tn = 10 P-10F
Stress Factor f Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 30 . . . . .
. . . . . . . . ...P-55 Fator de tenso f Devido ao momento
Longitudinal ML, d/tn = 30 P-10G Stress Factor f Due to
Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..P-56
Fator de tenso f Devido ao momento Longitudinal ML, d/tn = 50 P-10H
Stress Factor f Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 100 . . . . .
. . . . . . . ..P-56 Fator de tenso f Devido ao momento
Longitudinal ML, d/tn = 100 P-11 Stress Reduction Factor . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .P-57 Fator de Reduo de tenso V-1A Dimensions Self-Supporting
Cone Roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
V-5 Dimenses auto-sustentvel Cone telhado V-1B Dimensions
Self-Supporting Dome Roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . ..V-7 Dimenses auto-sustentvel de telhado cpula
Tables Tabelas 1-1 Status of Appendices to API Std 650 . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 Condio
dos apndices para a API Std 650 4-1 Maximum Permissible Alloy
Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .. . 4-3 Mximo admissvel de contedo de liga 4-2 Acceptable Grades
of Plate Material Produced to National Standards . . . . . . . .
..4-4 Aceitveis Graus de Placa material produzido por normas
nacionais 4-3a Material Groups, SI Units . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
Grupos de Materiais, Unidades SI 4-3b Material Groups, US Customary
Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 4-9 Grupos de Materiais, Unidades US Usuais 4-4 Minimum Impact
Test Requirements for Plates (See Note) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ..4-10 Mnimo Impacto de teste de Requisitos para Placas (ver
nota) 5-1 Annular Bottom-Plate Thicknesses (tbr) . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-10 Anular
fundo-espessuras de chapa (tbr) 5-2 Permissible Plate Materials and
Allowable Stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..5-12
Admissveis Placas Materiais e admissveis Tenses 5-3 Thickness of
Shell Manhole Cover Plate and Bolting Flange . . . . . . . . . . .
. . ...5-19
18. Espessura da tampa da placa de bueiro da casca e filtrantes
Flanges 5-4 Dimensions for Shell Manhole Neck Thickness . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19 Dimenses de bueiro e
espessura de pescoo para casca 5-5 Dimensions for Bolt Circle
Diameter Db and Cover Plate Diameter Dc for Shell Manholes . . . .
. . . . .. . . . . . . . 5-23 Dimenses de parafuso circular Db e Dc
Dimetro da tampa da placa para bueiro de casca 5-6 Dimensions for
Shell Nozzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . 5-24 Dimenses de bicos da casca 5-7
Dimensions for Shell Nozzles: Pipe, Plate, and Welding Schedules. .
. . ... . . . . 5-25 Dimenses para Bicos de casca: tubo, Placa,
Soldadura e Horrios 5-8 Dimensions for Shell Nozzle Flanges . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 5-26
Dimenses de Bico Flanges da casca 5-9 Dimensions for Flush-Type
Cleanout Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-27 Dimenses para fora-padro Cleanout acessrios 5-10 Minimum
Thickness of Cover Plate, Bolting Flange, and Bottom Reinforcing
Plate for Flush-Type Cleanout Fit- tings . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . ..5-27 Espessura mnima de tampa de Placa,
filtrantes Flange, e fundo de reforo para a fora-padro Cleanout
acessrios 5-11 Thicknesses and Heights of Shell Reinforcing Plates
for Flush-Type Cleanout Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-27 Espessuras e alturas da casca de placas de reforo para
fora-padro Cleanout acessrios 5-12 Dimensions for Flush-Type Shell
Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28
Dimenses fora-padro para conexes da casca 5-13 Dimensions for Roof
Manholes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .. 5-46 Dimenses para bueiro de Telhado 5-14
Dimensions for Flanged Roof Nozzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-46 Dimenses para Bicos de telhado
Flangeado 5-15 Dimensions for Threaded Roof Nozzles . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-47 Dimenses de Rosca
de bicos de telhado 5-16 Dimensions for Drawoff Sumps . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-51
Dimenses para DrawOff Sumps 5-17 Requirements for Platforms and
Walkways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
..5-52 Requerimentos para as plataformas e passarelas 5-18
Requirements for Stairways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..5-52 Requisitos para
Escadas 5-19 Rise, Run, and Angle Relationships for Stairways . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-53 Elevao, Execuo e
Relacionamentos de ngulo para escadas 5-20 Section Moduli (cm3
[in.3]) of Stiffening-Ring Sections on Tank Shells . . . . . ..5-55
Seo Moduli (cm3 [pol.3]), do enrijecimento-anel em Sees de casca de
tanque 5-21a Uplift Loads (SI Units) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..5-69
Elevao de cargas (unidades SI) 5-21b Uplift Loads (US Customary
Units) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .5-69 Elevao de cargas (unidades US habituais) 7-1 Minimum
Preheat Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-1 Temperaturas mnimas pr-aquecidas
A-1a Typical Sizes and Corresponding Nominal Capacities (m3) for
Tanks with 1800-mm Courses A-2 Tamanhos tpicos e correspondentes as
capacidades nominais (m3) para tanques com 1.800 mm de Cursos
A-2
19. A-1b Typical Sizes and Corresponding Nominal Capacities
(barrels) for Tanks with 72-in. Courses. . . . . . . . . . . . .
A-3 Tamanhos tpicos e correspondentes as capacidades nominais
(barris) para tanques com 72-pol. Cursos A-2a Shell-Plate
Thicknesses (mm) for Typical Sizes of Tanks with 1800-mm Courses .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4 Espessuras de chapa
da casca (mm) para tamanhos tpicos de tanques com 1.800 mm de
Cursos A-2b Shell-Plate Thicknesses (in.) for Typical Sizes of
Tanks with 72-in. Courses . A-5 Espessuras de chapa da casca (pol)
para tamanhos tpicos de tanques com 72-pol. Cursos A-3a Typical
Sizes and Corresponding Nominal Capacities (m3) for Tanks with
2400-mm Courses . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6 Tamanhos tpicos e
correspondentes capacidades nominais (m3) para tanques com 2.400 mm
de Cursos A-3b Typical Sizes and Corresponding Nominal Capacities
(barrels) for Tanks with 96-in. Courses. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A-7 Tamanhos tpicos e correspondentes capacidades nominais (barris)
para tanques com 96-pol. Cursos A-4a Shell-Plate Thicknesses (mm)
for Typical Sizes of Tanks with 2400-mm Courses . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8 Espessuras de chapa de casca (mm)
para tamanhos tpicos de tanques com 2.400 mm de Cursos A-4b
Shell-Plate Thicknesses (in.) for Typical Sizes of Tanks with
96-in. Courses . A-9 Espessuras de Placa da casca (pol) para
tamanhos tpicos de tanques com 96-in. Cursos E-1 Value of Fa as a
Function of Site Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .E-7 Valor do Fa como uma funo de local de Classe
E-2 Value of Fv as a Function of Site Class . . . . . . .. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-7 Valor da Fv como uma
funo de local de Classe E-3 Site Classification . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . .E-9 Local de classificao E-5 Importance Factor (I ) and
Seismic Use Group Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . ...E-13
Fator de Importncia (I) e Classificao ssmica de uso em grupo E-4
Response Modification Factors for ASD Methods . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . ... .E-13 Fatores de modificao de resposta para
ASD Mtodos E-6 Anchorage Ratio Criteria. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................................... .E-18 Relao e
Critrios de ancoragem E-7 Minimum Required Freeboard. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.................................................... . . .E-22
Mnimo exigido Borda livre E-8 Design Displacements for Piping
Attachments . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . .E-23
Projeto de deslocamentos para Anexos de canalizao G-1 Bolts and
Fasteners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... G-4 Parafusos e Fixadores J-1
Maximum Roof Depths for Shop-Assembled Dome-Roof Tanks . . . . . .
. . . . . J-2 Profundidade mxima de telhado para cpula-telhado de
loja-montada para Tanques K-1 Shell-Plate Thicknesses Based on the
Variable-Design-Point Method Using 2400-mm (96-in.) Courses and an
Allowable Stress of 159 MPa (23,000 lbf/in.2) for the Test
Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . .
. . . K-9 Casca-espessura de chapa com base na
varivel-projeto-Ponto usando o mtodo 2.400 mm (96-pol.) Cursos e
uma tenso admissvel de 159 MPa (23.000 lbf/in.2) para o Teste de
Condio K-2 Shell-Plate Thicknesses Based on the
Variable-Design-Point Method Using 2400-mm (96-in.) Courses and an
Allowable Stress of 208 MPa (30,000 lbf/in.2) for the Test
Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . K-10 casca-espessura de chapa com base no projeto-ponto-varivel
usando o mtodo 2.400 mm (96-pol.) Cursos e uma tenso admissvel de
208 MPa (30.000 lbf/in.2) para o Teste de Condio K-3 Shell-Plate
Thicknesses Based on the Variable-Design-Point Method Using 2400-mm
(96-in.) Courses and an Allowable Stress of 236 MPa (34,300
lbf/in.2) for the Test Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . K-11 Casca-espessura de chapa com base no
projeto-ponto-varivel usando o mtodo 2.400 mm (96-pol.) Cursos e
uma tenso admissvel de 236 MPa (34.300 lbf/in.2) para o Teste de
Condio
20. L-1 Index of Decisions or Actions Which may be Required of
the Tank Purchaser .L-22 ndice de decises ou aes que possam ser
exigidas pelo Comprador do Tanque M-1 Yield Strength Reduction
Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.. . . . . M-2 Reduo de Fatores de escoamento M-2 Modulus of
Elasticity at the Maximum Design Temperature . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .. M-5 Mdulo de elasticidade no Projeto de Temperatura Mxima
O-1 Dimensions of Under-Bottom Connections . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . O-2 Dimenses de Sub-fundo Conexes P-1
Modulus of Elasticity and Thermal Expansion Coefficient at the
Design Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P-2
Mdulo de elasticidade e coeficiente de expanso trmica no projeto de
temperatura P-2 Equations for Stress Factors Due to Radial Thrust
FR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P-26 Equaes de fatores
estressores frente Radial impulso FR P-3 Equations for Stress
Factors Due to Circumferential Moment MC . . . . . . . . .P-27
Equaes para Fatores de tenso de momento circunferencial MC P-4
Equations for Stress Factors Due to Longitudinal Moment ML . . . .
. . .... . . .P-28 Equaes de fatores estressores frente ao momento
Longitudinal ML P-5 Stress Factors . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.P-30 Fatores de tenso P-6 Stress Factors for Sample Problem No. 1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P-34 Os
fatores de tenso por Amostra de Problema n 1 P-7 Stress Factors for
the Reinforcing Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . .P-39 Fatores de tenso para o reforo de placa S-1a ASTM
Materials for Stainless Steel Components (SI Units) .. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .S-1 ASTM Materiais para componentes de ao inoxidvel
(SI Unidades) S-1b ASTM Materials for Stainless Steel Components
(US Customary Units)... . . . .S-2 ASTM Materiais para componentes
de ao inoxidvel (US Unidades Habituais) S-2 Allowable Stresses for
Plate Ring Flanges.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . .S-6 Tenses admissveis dos anis Flanges das placas S-3
Allowable Stresses for Plate Ring Flanges. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S-6 Tenses admissveis dos anis
Flanges das placas S-4 Joint Efficiencies . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .S-6 Mistas Eficincias S-5 Yield Strength Values in MPa (psi) . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S-7
Escoamento valores em MPa (psi) S-6 Modulus of Elasticity at the
Maximum Design Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S-7 Mdulo de
elasticidade no Projeto de Temperatura Mxima U-1 Flaw Acceptance
Criteria for UT Indications May be Used for All Materials U-4
Critrio de falha admissvel para Indicaes UT Pode ser utilizado para
todos os materiais
21. Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage SECTION 1SCOPE 1.1
GENERAL 1.1.1 This Standard establishes minimum requirements for
material, design, fabrication, erection, and testing for vertical,
cylindrical, aboveground, closed- and open-top, welded carbon or
stainless steel storage tanks in various sizes and capacities for
internal pressures approximating atmospheric pressure (internal
pressures not exceeding the weight of the roof plates), but a
higher internal pres- sure is permitted when additional
requirements are met (see 1.1.12). This Standard applies only to
tanks whose entire bottom is uniformly supported and to tanks in
non- refrigerated service that have a maximum design temper- ature
of 93C (200F) or less (see 1.1.19). *1.1.2 This Standard is
designed to provide industry with tanks of adequate safety and
reasonable economy for use in the storage of petroleum, petroleum
products, and other liquid products. This Standard does not present
or estab- lish a fixed series of allowable tank sizes; instead, it
is intended to permit the Purchaser to select whatever size tank
may best meet his needs. This Standard is intended to help
Purchasers and Manufacturers in ordering, fabri- cating, and
erecting tanks; it is not intended to prohibit Purchasers and
Manufacturers from purchasing or fabri- cating tanks that meet
specifications other than those contained in this Standard. Note: A
bullet () at the beginning of a paragraph indi- cates that there is
an expressed decision or action required of the Purchaser. The
Purchasers responsibility is not limited to these decisions or
actions alone. When such decisions and actions are taken, they are
to be specified in documents such as requisitions, change orders,
data sheets, and drawings. *1.1.3 This Standard has requirements
given in two alter- nate systems of units. The Manufacturer shall
comply with either: 1. all of the requirements given in this
Standard in SI units, or 2. All of the requirements given in this
Standard in US Customary units. The selection of which set of
requirements (SI or US Customary) to apply shall be a matter of
mutual agree- ment between the Manufacturer and Purchaser and indi-
cated on the Data Sheet, Page 1. 1.1.4 All tanks and appurtenances
shall comply with the Data Sheet and all attachments. *1.1.5
Field-erected tanks shall be furnished completely erected, tested,
and ready for service connections, unless specified otherwise.
Shop-fabricated tanks shall be fur- nished tested and ready for
installation. *1.1.6 The appendices of this Standard provide a
number of design options requiring decisions by the Purchaser,
standard requirements, recommendations, and informa- Tanques de ao
soldados para armazenamento de petrleo SEO 1-MBITO 1,1 GERAIS 1.1.1
Esta Norma estabelece os requisitos mnimos para o material,
projeto, fabricao, montagem e testes para a vertical, cilndrico, na
superfcie, fechados e topo aberto, soldados de carbono ou tanques
de ao inoxidvel de armazenamento em vrios tamanhos e capacidades
para presses internas da aproximao da presso atmosfrica (no
superior a presses internas do peso das placas de teto), mas uma
maior presso interna permitida quando os requisitos adicionais so
cumpridos (ver 1.1.12). Esta Norma se aplica somente a tanques cujo
inteiro fundo uniformemente apoiadas e tanques em servio
no-refrigerados que tm uma temperatura mxima de 93 C (200 F) ou
menos (ver 1.1.19). *1.1.2 Esta Norma destina-se a fornecer
indstria de tanques de segurana adequada e razovel economia de
utilizao no armazenamento de petrleo, produtos petro- lferos e
outros produtos lquidos. Esta Norma no apre- senta ou estabelece
uma srie fixa de tamanho de tanque admissvel, em vez disso, ele se
destina a permitir o Com- prador para selecionar qualquer tanque de
tamanho que podem melhor atender s suas necessidades. Esta Nor- ma
destina-se a compradores e os fabricantes de ajuda na encomenda,
fabricao, montagem e tanques, no se destina a proibir compradores e
fabricantes de compra ou fabricao de tanques que atenda s
especificaes dife- rentes das previstas nesta Norma. Nota: Uma bala
(), no incio de um pargrafo, indica que h uma deciso expressa ou ao
necessria do Com- prador. O Comprador responsavel no se limita a
estas decises ou aes sozinho. Quando essas decises e aes so
tomadas, elas devem ser especificadas no documentos, tais como
requisies, pedidos de mudana, fichas tcnicas e desenhos. *1.1.3
Esta Norma requisitos deu em dois sistemas alter- nativos de
unidades. O fabricante deve cumprir com: 1. Todos os requisitos
estabelecidos nesta Norma, em unidades SI, ou 2. Todos os
requisitos estabelecidos nesta Norma em unidades U.S. Habitual. A
seleo de qual conjunto de requisitos (SI ou U.S. usu- ais) a
aplicar deve ser uma questo de comum acordo entre o Fabricante e
comprador e indicado na Folha de Dados, pgina 1. 1.1.4 Todos os
tanques e dependncias devem cumprir com a folha de dados e todos os
anexos. *1.1.5 tanques erguidos de campo devem ser fornecidos
totalmente construdos, testados e pronto para conexes de servio,
salvo indicao em contrrio. Tanques fabri- cados de loja devem ser
fornecidas testados e prontos para instalao. *1.1.6 Os anexos desta
Norma fornecem um nmero de opes de projeto que exigem decises do
Comprador, requisitos padro, recomendaes e informaes que
complementam o padro bsico. Exceto Apndice L, um
22. tion that supplements the basic standard. Except for Ap-
pendix L, an appendix becomes a requirement only when the Purchaser
specifies an option covered by that appen- dix or specifies the
entire appendix. See Table 1-1 for the status of each appendix.
1.1.7 Appendix A provides alternative simplified design
requirements for tanks where the stressed components, such as shell
plates and reinforcing plates, are limited to a maximum nominal
thickness of 12.5 mm (1/2 in.), in- cluding any corrosion
allowance, and whose design metal temperature exceeds the minimums
stated in the appen- dix. 1.1.8 Appendix B provides recommendations
for the design and construction of foundations for flat-bottom oil
storage tanks. 1.1.9 Appendix C provides minimum requirements for
pontoon-type and double-deck-type external floating roofs. 1.1.10
Appendix D provides requirements for submission of technical
inquiries regarding this Standard. *1.1.11 Appendix E provides
minimum requirements for tanks subject to seismic loading. An
alternative or sup- plemental design may be mutually agreed upon by
the Manufacturer and the Purchaser. 1.1.12 Appendix F provides
requirements for the design of tanks subject to a small internal
pressure. 1.1.13 Appendix G provides requirements for aluminum dome
roofs. 1.1.14 Appendix H provides minimum requirements that apply
to an internal floating roof in a tank with a fixed roof at the top
of the tank shell. apndice torna-se uma exigncia apenas quando o
Com- prador Especifica uma opo abrangidos por esse apn- dice ou
especifica o anexo inteiro. Ver Tabela 1-1 para o estado de cada
apndice. 1.1.7 Apndice A fornece os requisitos de concepo
alternativa simplificada para os tanques onde os compo- nentes
sublinhados, tais como escudo e placas de re- foro, esto limitados
a uma espessura mxima nominal de 12,5 mm (1/2 polegadas), incluindo
qualquer subsdio corroso, e cuja temperatura metal design excedem
os mnimos indicado no apndice. 1.1.8 Apndice B fornece recomendaes
para a concep- o e construo das fundaes dos tanques de armaze-
namento de petrleo de fundo plano. 1.1.9 Apndice C fornece os
requisitos mnimos para ponto e tipo duplo deck tipo de tetos
flutuantes exterio- res. 1.1.10 Apndice D fornece os requisitos
para a apresen- tao de inquritos tcnicos sobre este padro. *1.1.11
Apndice E estabelece requisitos mnimos para os tanques de carga
sujeitos a abalos ssmicos. Uma alterna- tiva ou projeto
complementar podem ser mutuamente acordados entre o fabricante e o
comprador. 1.1.12 Apndice F fornece os requisitos para o projeto de
tanques sujeitos a uma pequena presso interna. 1.1.13 Apndice G
prev requisitos para cpula de telha- dos de alumnio. 1.1.14 Apndice
H estabelece os requisitos mnimos que se aplicam a um teto
flutuante interno em um tanque com um teto fixo no topo da
estrutura do reservatrio Table 1-1Status of Appendices to API Std
650 Tabela 11 Condio dos apndices para a API Std 650 Appendix
Apndices Title Ttulo Status Condio A Optional design basis for
small tanks Base de projeto opcional para peque- nos tanques
Purchasers Option Opo do Comprador B Recommendations for design and
con- struction of foundations for above- ground oil storage tanks
Recomendaes para a concepo e construo das fundaes dos tan- ques de
armazenagem de leo na superfcie Recommendations Recomendaes *C
External floating roofs Coberturas externas flutuante Requirements
Requisitos D Technical inquiries Inquritos tcnicos Required
Procedures Necessrios Procedimentos *E Seismic design of storage
tanks Dimensionamento ssmico de tan- Purchasers Option Opo do
Comprador
23. ques de armazenamento F Design of tanks for small internal
pres- sures Projeto de cisternas para as peque- nas presses
internas Requirements Requisitos *G Structurally-supported aluminum
dome roofs Telhados cpula em alumnio estrutu- ralmente apoiados
Requirements Requisitos H Internal floating roofs Telhados Interno
flutuante Requirements Requisitos *I Undertank leak detection and
subgrade protection Undertank de deteco de fugas e sub-grades de
proteo Purchasers Option Opo do Comprador J Shop-assembled storage
tanks Tanques de armazenamento monta- dos de loja Requirements
Requisitos K Sample application of the variable- design-point
method to determine shell-plate thickness Exemplo de aplicao de
ponto de projeto varivel mtodo para determi- nar Shell - espessura
da chapa Information Informao *L API Std 650 storage tank data
sheets API Std 650 folhas de dados de tan- que de armazenamento
Requirements Requisitos M Requirements for tanks operating at
elevated temperatures Requisitos para os reservatrios operarem em
temperaturas elevadas Requirements Requisitos N Use of new
materials that are not iden- tified Utilizao de novos materiais que
no so identificadas Requirements Requisitos *O Recommendation for
under-bottom connections Recomendao para conexes de sub-fundo
Purchasers Option Opo do Comprador *P Allowable external load on
tank shell openings Carga externa admissvel sobre as aberturas do
reservatrio Purchasers Option Opo do Comprador R Load combinations
Combinaes de carga Requirements Requisitos S Austenitic stainless
steel storage tanks Tanques de armazenamento de ao inoxidvel
austentico Requirements Requisitos T NDE requirements summary NDE
resumo requisitos Requirements Requisitos U Ultrasonic examination
in lieu of radi- ography Exame de ultra-sons, em vez de radiografia
Purchasers Option Opo do Comprador *V Design of storage tanks for
external pressure Projeto de presso externa de tan- ques de
armazenamento Purchasers Option Opo do Comprador *W Commercial and
Documentation Re- commendations Documentao comercial e recomen-
daes Recommendations Recomendaes *1.1.15 Appendix I provides
acceptable construction * 1.1.15 Apndice I fornece detalhes da
construo acei-
24. details that may be specified by the Purchaser for design
and construction of tank and foundation systems that provide leak
detection and subgrade protection in the event of tank bottom
leakage, and provides for tanks sup- ported by grillage. 1.1.16
Appendix J provides requirements covering the complete shop
assembly of tanks that do not exceed 6 m (20 ft) in diameter.
1.1.17 Appendix K provides a sample application of the
variable-design-point method to determine shell-plate thicknesses.
*1.1.18 Appendix L provides the Data Sheet and the Data Sheet
instructions for listing required information to be used by the
Purchaser and the Manufacturer. The use of the Data Sheet is
mandatory, unless waived by the Pur- chaser. 1.1.19 Appendix M
provides requirements for tanks with a maximum design temperature
exceeding 93C (200F) but not exceeding 260C (500F). 1.1.20 Appendix
N provides requirements for the use of new or unused plate and pipe
materials that are not com- pletely identified as complying with
any listed specifica- tion for use in accordance with this
Standard. 1.1.21 Appendix O provides recommendations for the design
and construction of under-bottom connections for storage tanks.
*1.1.22 Appendix P provides requirements for design of shell
openings that conform to Table 5-6 that are subject to external
piping loads. An alternative or supplemental design may be agreed
upon by the Purchaser or Manufac- turer. 1.1.23 Appendix R provides
a description of the load combinations used for the design
equations appearing in this Standard. 1.1.24 Appendix S provides
requirements for stainless steel tanks. 1.1.25 Appendix T
summarizes the requirements for in- spection by method of
examination and the reference sections within the Standard. The
acceptance standards, inspector qualifications, and procedure
requirements are also provided. This appendix is not intended to be
used alone to determine the inspection requirements within this
Standard. The specific requirements listed within each applicable
section shall be followed in all cases. 1.1.26 Appendix U provides
requirements covering the substitution of ultrasonic examination in
lieu of radio- graphic examination. 1.1.27 Appendix V provides
additional requirements for tvel que pode ser indicada pelo
comprador para a con- cepo e construo de tanques e sistemas de base
que fornece deteco de vazamento e proteo do subleito, em caso de
fuga de fundo do tanque, e fornecimento para os tanques apoiados
por gradeado. 1.1.16 Apndice J prev requisitos que abrangem o con-
junto completo dos tanques de loja que no excedam 6 m (20), em
dimetro. 1.1.17 Apndice K fornece um aplicativo de amostra do mtodo
de ponto de projeto varivel para determinar cas- ca-grossa das
placas. * 1.1.18 Apndice L fornece a Folha de Dados e as instru- es
para inscrio e Ficha de informaes que devem ser utilizados pelo
comprador e o fabricante. A utilizao da folha de dados obrigatrio,
exceto se o Comprador. 1.1.19 Apndice M fornece os requisitos para
os tanques com temperatura mxima superior a 93 C (200 F), mas no
superior a 260 C (500 F). 1.1.20 Apndice N prev requisitos para a
utilizao da nova placa ou no utilizados e os materiais de tubulao
que no esto completamente identificados como estando em
conformidade com as especificaes listadas para utilizao, em
conformidade com esta Norma. 1.1.21 apndice O fornece recomendaes
para a con- cepo e construo de conexes de sub-base para os tanques
de armazenamento. * 1.1.22 Apndice P fornece os requisitos para o
projeto de aberturas de shell que esto em conformidade com a Tabela
5-6 que esto sujeitas a tubulao de cargas ex- ternas. Uma
alternativa ou complementar projeto pode ser acordado pelo
comprador ou o fabricante. 1.1.23 Apndice R fornece uma descrio das
combina- es de carga utilizada para as equaes de projeto que consta
desta Norma. 1.1.24 Apndice S prev requisitos para tanques de ao
inoxidvel. 1.1.25 T apndice resume os requisitos para inspeo pelo
mtodo de exame e as sees de referncia na norma. Os padres de
aceitao, qualificao inspeo, e os requisitos de procedimento tambm
so fornecidos. Este apndice no destina-se a ser utilizado
isoladamente para determinar os requisitos de inspeo no mbito des-
ta Norma. Os requisitos especficos enumerados em cada seo aplicvel
deve ser seguido em todos os ca- sos. 1.1.26 Apndice U prev
requisitos que abrangem a subs- tituio do exame de ultra-sons, em
vez de exame radio- grfico. 1.1.27 Anexo V estabelece requisitos
adicionais para os tanques que so projetados para operar sob
condies de
25. tanks that are designed to operate under external pressure
(vacuum) conditions. *1.1.28 Appendix W provides recommendations
covering commercial and documentation issues. Alternative or
supplemental requirements may be mutually agreed upon by the
Manufacturer and the Purchaser. 1.2 LIMITATIONS The rules of this
Standard are not applicable beyond the following limits of piping
connected internally or exter- nally to the roof, shell, or bottom
of tanks constructed according to this Standard: a. The face of the
first flange in bolted flanged connec- tions, unless covers or
blinds are provided as permitted in this Standard. b. The first
sealing surface for proprietary connections or fittings. c. The
first threaded joint on the pipe in a threaded con- nection to the
tank shell. d. The first circumferential joint in welding-end pipe
connections if not welded to a flange. 1.3 RESPONSIBILITIES 1.3.1
The Manufacturer is responsible for complying with all provisions
of this Standard. Inspection by the Purchas- ers inspector does not
negate the Manufacturers obliga- tion to provide quality control
and inspection necessary to ensure such compliance. The
Manufacturer shall also communicate specified re- quirements to
relevant subcontractors or suppliers work- ing at the request of
the Manufacturer. *1.3.2 The Purchaser shall specify on the Data
Sheet, Line 23, the applicable jurisdictional regulations and owner
requirements that may affect the design and con- struction of the
tank and those that are intended to limit the evaporation or
release of liquid contents from the tank. Which
regulations/requirements, if any, apply de- pend on many factors
such as the business unit the tank is assigned to, the vapor
pressure of the liquids stored in the tank, the components of the
liquid stored in the tank, the geographic location of the tank, the
date of construction of the tank, the capacity of the tank, and
other considera- tions. These rules may affect questions such as 1)
which tanks require floating roofs and the nature of their con-
struction; 2) the types and details of seals used in the floating
roof annular rim space and at openings in the roof, 3) details of
tank vents, and 4) requirements regard- ing release prevention
barriers. *1.3.3 The Purchaser shall provide any jurisdictional
site permits that may be required to erect the tank(s), includ- ing
permits for disposal of the hydro-test water. The Manufacturer
shall provide all other permits that may be required to complete or
transport the tank. 1.3.4 The Purchaser retains the right to
provide personnel to observe all shop and job site work within the
scope of the contracted work (including testing and inspection).
Such individuals shall be afforded full and free access for these
purposes, subject to safety and schedule constraints. presso
externa (vcuo). * 1.1.28 Apndice W fornece recomendaes sobre ques-
tes comerciais e de documentao. Alternativo ou requi- sitos
suplementar que podem ser mutuamente acordado entre o fabricante e
o comprador. 1,2 LIMITAES As regras desta Norma no so aplicveis os
seguintes limites para alm dos encanamentos ligados internamente ou
externamente ao telhado,casca, ou no fundo dos tan- ques construdos
de acordo com esta Norma: a. O rosto do primeiro flange aparafusado
em conexes flangeadas, a menos que cobre ou persianas sejam for-
necidos conforme permitido nesta Norma. b. A primeira superfcie de
vedao para as ligaes de propriedade ou acessrios. c. A articulao
primeira enfiada no cano de uma conexo rosqueada para a estrutura
do reservatrio. d. A primeira junta circunferencial na soldagem de
cone- xes de tubo final se no for soldada a um flange. 1,3
RESPONSABILIDADES 1.3.1 O fabricante responsvel pelo cumprimento de
todas as disposies desta Norma. Inspeo do inspetor do Comprador no
nega a obrigao dos fabricantes para fornecer controle de qualidade
e de controle necessrios para garantir seu cumprimento como tal. O
fabricante deve igualmente comunicar os requisitos especificados
para subcontratados ou fornecedores rele- vantes de trabalho a
pedido do fabricante. * 1.3.2 O Comprador dever especificar na
Folha de Da- dos, Linha 23, os regulamentos aplicveis e requisitos
de competncia do proprietrio que podem afetar o reserva- trio e a
construo e aquelas que se destinam a limitar a evaporao ou a
liberao de contedo lquido do tanque. Quais regulamentaes e
exigncias, se for caso, aplicar depender de muitos fatores, tais
como a unidade de negcios do tanque atribuda, a presso de vapor do
lquido armazenado no tanque, os componentes do lqui- do armazenado
no tanque, a localizao geogrfica, a data de construo do
reservatrio, a capacidade do tanque, e outras consideraes. Essas
regras podem afetar questes tais como: 1) que os tanques exigem
telhados flutuantes e a natureza da sua construo, 2) os tipos e
detalhes dos selos utilizados no teto flutuante espao aro anelar e
em aberturas no telhado, 3) detalhes das aberturas do tanque, e 4)
requisitos relativos libera- o de preveno barreiras. * 1.3.3 O
Comprador dever fornecer em todo o local de jurisdio que permite
que possa ser necessrio para erguer o tanque (s), incluindo as
licenas para o escoa- mento de gua de hidro-teste. O fabricante
deve fornecer todas as outras licenas que podem ser necessrios para
completar ou transporte do tanque. 1.3.4 O Comprador se reserva o
direito de fornecer pes- soal para observar todas as compras e
trabalho do local de trabalho dentro do mbito do contrato de
trabalho (incluindo os testes e inspeo). Essas pessoas devero
dispor de acesso completo e gratuito para estes fins, sem prejuzo
segurana e restries de horrio.
26. 1.3.5 In this Standard, language indicating that the Pur-
chaser accepts, agrees, reviews, or approves a Manufac- turers
design, work process, manufacturing action, etc., shall not limit
or relieve the Manufacturers responsibility to conform to specified
design codes, project specifica- tions and drawings, and
professional workmanship. 1.3.6 The Manufacturer shall advise the
Purchaser of any identified conflicts between this Standard and any
Pur- chaser-referenced document and request clarification. 1.3.7 In
this Standard, language indicating that any par- ticular issue is
subject to agreement between the Pur- chaser and the Manufacturer
shall be interpreted to re- quire any such agreement to be
documented in writing. *1.4 DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS See Appendix
W and the Data Sheet for the requirements covering the various
documents to be developed for the tank. 1.3.5 Nesta Norma, a
linguagem, indicando que o com- prador aceita, concorda, opinies,
ou aprova um projeto do fabricante, processo de trabalho, a ao
transformado- ra, etc, no deve limitar ou aliviar a
responsabilidade do fabricante em conformidade com cdigos de
projeto espe- cificado, especificaes de projeto e desenhos, e mo de
obra profissional. 1.3.6 O fabricante deve informar o comprador de
eventu- ais conflitos entre este padro e qualquer compradores-
referenciados documento e pedido de esclarecimentos. 1.3.7 Nesta
Norma, a linguagem, indicando que qualquer questo especfica objeto
de um acordo entre o com- prador e o fabricante deve ser
interpretada e tal acordo devem ser documentadas por escrito. * 1,4
REQUISITOS e DOCUMENTAO Ver Apndice W e Folha de Dados para os
requisitos que abrangem os vrios documentos a serem desenvolvidas
para o tanque.
27. SECTION 2REFERENCES SEO 2-REFERNCIAS The following
standards, codes, specifications, and publications are cited in
this Standard. The most recent edition shall be used unless
otherwise specified. As seguintes normas, cdigos, especificaes e
publicaes so citadas nesta Norma. A edio mais recente deve ser
usada a menos que especificado em contrrio. API Std 620 Design and
Construction of Large, Welded, Low-Pressure Storage Tanks RP 651
Cathodic Protection of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tanks RP 652
Lining of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tank Bottoms Std 2000
Venting Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks:
Non-refrigerated and Refrigerated RP 2003 Protection Against
Ignitions Arising Out of Static, Lightning, and Stray Currents Publ
2026 Safe Access/Egress Involving Floating Roofs of Storage Tanks
in Petroleum Service RP 2350 Overfill Protection for Storage Tanks
in Petroleum Facilities Spec 5L Specification for Line Pipe Manual
of Petroleum Measurements Standards (MPMS) Chapter 19 Evaporative
Loss Measurement AAI1 Aluminum Design Manual Aluminum Standards and
Data Specifications for Aluminum Sheet Metal Work in Building
Construction ACI2 318 Building Code Requirements for Reinforced
Concrete (ANSI/ACI 318) 350 Environmental Engineering Concrete
Structures AISC3 Manual of Steel Construction, Allowable Stress
Design AISI4 T-192 Steel Plate Engineering Data SeriesUseful
InformationDesign of Plate Structures, Volumes I &II ASCE5 ASCE
Std. 7 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures
ASME6 B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch) (ANSI/ASME
B1.20.1) B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
(ANSI/ASME B16.1) B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
(ANSI/ASME B16.5) B16.21 Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges: NPS 26 Through NPS 60
(ANSI/ASME B16.47) B96.1 Welded Aluminum-Alloy Storage Tanks
(ANSI/ASME B96.1) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V,
Nondestructive Examination; Section VIII, Pressure Vessels,
Division 1; and Section IX, Welding and Brazing Qualifications
____________________ 1The Aluminum Association Inc., 1525 Wilson
Boulevard, Suite 600, Arlington, Virginia 22209, www.aluminum.org.
2American Concrete Institute, P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills,
Michigan 48333, www.aci-int.org. 3American Institute of Steel
Construction, One East Wacker Drive, Suite 3100, Chicago, Illinois
60601-2001, www.aisc.org. 4American Iron and Steel Institute, 1540
Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 705, Washington, D.C. 20036,
www.steel.org. 5American Society of Civil Engineers, 1801 Alexander
Bell Drive, Reston, Virginia 20191-4400, www.asce.org. 6ASME
International, 3 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10016-5990,
www.asme.org. ASNT7
