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Protection againstOvervoltages inPhotoVoltaic installations

According to the European Standards

Christian MacandaMember of : • French standard commitee for « SPD » UTE 37AB • Groupe GT37A Gimelec/Domergie• international standard commitee IEC WG3& WG4 /TC37A• Association Protection Foudre (APF)• Association Technique SEE – section « Foudre » (44.20)

[email protected]

PR130601- This document could not be transmitted or used, even partially, without the agreement of the CITEL company.

Reminder about lightning and surge risks in a PV installation

• Direct ligthning strike on the structure EN 62305-x series Standard

• Surge voltages Coming through the AC network : Due to the lightning activity and/orSwitching operations.

• Surge voltages Due to lightning strikes nearthe buildings or the PV installation, For on the lightning rods of the buildings.

• Surge voltages Generated by electromagneticCoupling of the electrical field Created by the ligthning activityon AC and DC networks.

Lightning activity

Impact onAerial lines

Electromagnetic couplingEarth potential rise

Direct impact

Damages on equipment

Reminder about lightning and surge risks in a PV installation

European Insurance Statistics

Surge protection for PV installation Grid-connectedEvolution of standards

To take care about the important issue of damages due to surge voltages, European standard organization (CENELEC) has published a complete set of technical documents.

European Standard Type of documents

HD 60364-7-712 PV installation guide

prEN 50539-11 PV Surge protector Tests

CLC/TS 50539-12 PV Surge protector installation

Surge Protectionof PV installations

Protection against Surge Voltages

Surge Protection Devices : SPDs

on DC side : - SPD Close by the inverter- Additional SPD close by the PV module,if distance > 10 m

on AC side :- SPD at the entrance of installation (Main electrical board)- Additional SPD close by the inverter (if distance > 10 m)

on signal line side :- SPD on the external line side of the inverter- SPD on the internal line side (towards sensors) of the inverter

General design for Lightning & Surge Protection of PV installations

The CENELEC Guide CLC/TS 50539-12 describes the general approach for Efficient surge protection of a Grid-connected PV installation

AC line

Signal line

SPD

SPD

SPD

kWh

1

2

5

5

4E

E

E

3

AC

DC

Type 2AC SPDcomplying IEC 61643-11


if distance <10 m,

Type 2 PV SPDcomplying prEN50539-11

no SPD

if distance > 10 m,



Signal line SPDcomplying IEC 61643-21

1

2

3

4

3

4

16 mm²

16 mm²

6 mm²

6 mm²

SPD

ACSwitchboard

Main earthing bar

Bonding bar

SPD

SPD

e.g windsensor

Building withPV install

Typical Surge protection solution for Domestic PV Installation

AC SPD at theMain electricalboard

AC SPD in Combiner boxClose to the inverter

Signal line SPDClose to the inverter

PV SPD in Combiner boxClose to the inverter

PV SPD close to PV modules


PV installation with Lightning Protection System (LPS)

AC line

SPD

SPD

SPD

ACSwitchboard

Main earthing bar

kWh

1

E

EBonding bar

AC DC



if distance <10 m,


no SPD

if distance > 10 m,



1

2

3

4

3

4

16 mm²

16 mm²

6 mm²

6 mm²

Bâtiment sans SPF

SPD

Non-Isolated LPSseparation distance "s" is notkept

4E

32

16 mm²

50 mm²

16 mm²ifType 1

Additionalearthingconductor

16 mm²ifType 1


Standard for PV SPD

New Testing guideprEN 50539-11

• Tests to be applied to SPDs connected to PV networks.

• Based on the IEC/EN61643-11 AC Test standard and on the french PV Test standard UTE C61740-51.

• Definition of new parameters

• End of life testing specific to PV

Standard for PV SPD

New parameters according to EN50539-11 standardUcpv : Maximum operating DC voltage of the SPD.

Ucpv ≥ 1,2 Uocstc

This declared voltage must be selected according to the maximum voltage of the PV generator in open circuit (Uocstc provided by PV panel manufacturers). Ucpv voltage must be greater or equal to 1,2 x UocSTC of the PV generator.

Iscwpv : Declared short circuit current of the SPDIscwpv ≥ 1,25 Iscstc

This admissible current by the SPD and its disconnector must be selected according to the current that can be delivered by the PV generator Iscstc. This current corresponds to the sum of currents that can be delivered by various PV strings in parallel or group of strings upstream the point of installation of the SPD. This Iscwpv current must be superior or equal to 1,25 x Iscstc of the PV generator.

Uocstc : Maximum voltage in open circuit of the PV generator

Iscstc : Short Circuit current of the PV generator

Standard for PV SPD

The mains difference between AC power SPDs and PV SPD is related to the behaviour in case of end of life. In order to define the relevant surge protector adapted to PV line, EN50539-11 standard specifies 2 dedicated tests :

• Overload Behaviour testing

• Ageing testing in humidity chamber

Specific “End of life” tests

New Standard for PV SPD

• Withstand of humid heat- Selection of MOVs adapted to a PV polarization- Specific process to withstand humid heat Result : tested leakage current < 10 µA (so << 100 µA)

• Overload testing- Appropriated selection of the type and voltage of MOVs- Optimized operation of the internal disconnector Result : disconnection in compliance with the overload test.

New ranges of SPD tested and in compliance with standards :

DS50PV/51 et DS50VGPV/51

DS60VGPV/51 (Type 1+2)

Evolution of CITEL SPD to be in compliance with EN50539-11

Selection of PV SPD following installation european guide CLC/TS50539-12

SPD Parameter Selection CITEL

Type of SPD - Type 2 for non-LPS or isolated-LPS installation- Type 1 for non-isolated-LPS and length E> 10 m

Type 1 DS60VGPV rangeType 2 DS50PV range

Standard compliance prEN 50539-11 comply

Max PV operating voltage(Ucpv)

1.2 x Uocstc (Max open circuit voltage) of the PV line Available for Uocstc = 500, 600, 800, 1000 and 1250 Vdc

Short-circuit withstand(Iscwpv)

1.25 x Iscsct (Max short circuit current) of the PV line.If Iscwpv of the SPD < 1.25 x Iscsct external fuse in the SPD branch is required.

Typical Iscwpv : 1000 A

Localization - Close to PV inverter input (< 10 m)- Additionnal SPD required close to remote PV modules

Discharge currents(In and Iimp)

- Type 1 : Iimp from 6,25 to 50 kA (10/350) depending of the LPS type and earthing conditions (see table)- Type 2 : In > 5kA

Iimp (Type 1) = 12. 5 kAIn (Type 2) = 20 or 15 kA

Protection level (Up)

< Uw (overvoltage withstand of PV equipment)(approximative calculation possible : Up < 5xUocstc)

i.e. for 1000 Vdc PV line, Up = 2.2 kV (DS50PV-1000G/51

Type 2 PV SPDCITEL DS50PV range

Type 1+2 PV SPDCITEL DS60VGPV range

SPD range of PV installation

-

PE

+

C

CITEL PV SPD DS50PV Range Description (Type 2)

15

Less wiringthrough standard

remote signaling for all poles

Fully assembled and ready-to-use SPD

Error-free changing of pluggable modules through a mechanical coding

Fault-resistant Y circuit

Safe distance between+ / - polarities and PE

Reverse polarity protected connection between the + and -

No leakage current = No interference from inverters

and grounding systems

Full-safe monitoring of all modules

Safe thermal disconnection from PV line without interruption and arcing

Easy replacing of protection pluggable modules

Multi-function terminals for conductors or busbars

Multi-diagram solution

EN50539-11 compliance

Disconnection indicators

Common and Differential mode protection

Double earthing connection possible

VG version available

CITEL PV SPD

SPDs Type 2Réf. DS50PV/51

In compliance with EN50539-11(Test reports by certified external lab)

• For Uocstc Voltage : 500, 600, 800 et 1000 Vdc

• « 3-Module » (Common/Diff mode) or « 2-Module » (Common mode) versions

• Iscwpv : 1000 A (without external disconnector)

• Nominal Discharge Current (In) : 15 kA 15 x pulse 8/20µs per pole

• Maximum Discharge Current (Imax) : 40 kA 1 x pulse 8/20µs per pole

• Monobloc base – Single remote signalling contact (option)

• Optimized grounding connection

• Gas tube to the ground (DS50PV-xxxG/51) leakage current suppression

+

Ft MI

to

-

C

V V

CITEL PV SPD

SPD Type 2Ref. DS50VGPV

• « VG » technology No current consumption, no leakage No ageing of varistors

• Uocstc voltage : 500 up to 1000 Vdc

• Uocstc voltage : 1250 Vdc

• Nominal Discharge current (In) : 15 kA 15 x pulse 8/20µs per pole

• Maximum Discharge Current (Imax) : 40 kA 1 x pulse 8/20µs per pole

• Monobloc base– Single remote signalling contact

• Optimized ground connection

• Remote signalling DS50VGPVS (option)

+

Ft MI

to

GDT

-

C

V

NEW

NEW +

Ft MI

to

-

C

V V

CITEL PV SPD

SPD Type 1Ref. DS60VGPV

• For PV installation with non-isolated lighting rod

• « VG » technology No current consumption, no leakage No ageing of varistors

• Uocstc voltage : 600 and 1000 Vdc

• Uocstc voltage : 1250 Vdc

• Nominal Discharge Current (In) : 20 kA15 x pulse 8/20µs per pole

• Maximum Lightning Current• Iimp : 12,5 kA onde 10/350µs • Iimp Total : 25 kA

• Remote Signalling contact in option : DS60VGPVS

NEW

DS60VGPV-1500G/51

Other SPDs for PV installationsAC and Signal line SPDs

AC SPDSingle-phaseType 2 compactDS240-230/G

AC SPD3-phase+neutralType 2 compactDS440-230/G

AC SPDType 1 compactDS130R

Data SPDRS485compactDLA-06D3

AC Surge Protectors for PV Inverters

Type 1DS130R

• Type 1 AC surge protectors (needed if LPS)• Pluggable modules• High efficiency (Up < 1.5 kV)• Remote signal for failure indication (option)• Iimp (10/350µs) : 12.5 kA/pole• Comply EN 61643-11/ test class I and II• UL 1449-ed3 recognized• Exclusive « MOV+GDT » Technology : DS130VG

CITEL « VG » technology

3-phase+N SPD DS134R-300/G


Type 2DS40 and DS10 range

• Type 2 AC surge protectors• MOV Technology• Pluggable modules• Remote signal for failure indication

(option DS40S ou DS10S)• In / Imax : 20/40 kA (DS40) et 5/10 kA (DS10)• Comply EN 61643-11/ test class I and II• Version VG technology available : DS40VG • UL 1449-ed3 recognized

3-phase AC SPDDS44S-230/G


Type 2 CompactDS240 and DS215

• Type 2 AC single-phase surge protectors• Reduced dimensions• MOV Technology• Pluggable modules• Remote signal for failure indication

(option DS240S or DS215S)• In / Imax : 20/40 kA (DS240) et 5/15 kA (DS215)• Comply EN 61643-11/ test class I and II• UL 1449-ed3 recognized

Single-phase AC SPDDS240S-400

Single-phase AC SPDDS215-400

Dataline Surge Protectors for PV Inverters

Dataline Surge ProtectionDLA range

PV Inverters could be equipped with supervision features, connected through dataline, as RS422, RS485 for reliability, Surge protection is required

• 1-pair dataline surge protector• Reduced dimensions• High discharge current , low clamping voltage• Pluggable module• Available for all types of data transmission• Comply EN 61643-21

SPD for signal lineDLA-24D3

PV Installation Typical Combiner boxes for domestic application

Typical Surge protection solution for Industrial PV Installation

3-phase AC SPD at theMain electrical board

3-phase AC SPD in Combiner boxClose to the inverter

PV SPD in Combiner boxClose to the inverter

Surge Protection for PV installation

Typical Surge protection solution for PV Power Plant

Signal line SPD close to inverters

Type 1 3-phase AC SPD in Combiner boxclose to the inverter

Type 1 PV SPD in Combiner box

close to the modules

Type 1 PV SPDsclose to the

inverters

Surge Protection for PV installation

PV InstallationExample

DC panels for 6 inverters

AC panels for 6 single-phase panels 3-phase AC network connection

Surge Protection for Off-grid PV installations

Surge protection Approach

• DC surge protectors (DS2x0-xxDC) on the input of the PV lines coming from the outside.• AC surge protectors (DS40, DS240..) on the input of the possible additionnal exernal AC

power supplies (wind turbine, power generator, AC grid)• AC surge protectors (type DS40, DS240..) on the AC lines for outdoor loads (pumps,

lighting…)• Additionnal surge protector on outdoor systems are recommended if they are remote

from the main building (> 10 m).

Régula teur

Batterie

AC

DC

to

PARAFOUDRE DC

PARAFOUDRESAC

to

Equipementsextérieurs distants

Pompes-Eclairage...

Générateur extérieur (optionnel)Groupe-Eolien-Réseau BT

Modules PV

DC

DC

Chargesinternes AC

Chargesinternes DC

toto

to

*

to*

*


DS2x0-DC range : SPD for Off-grid PV installations

• Type 2 pluggable Surge protectors• Compact size (l18 mm width) • DIN rail mounting• Imax from 20 to 40 kA• Nominal voltages : from 12 to 350 Vdc• Remote signalling for disconnection (option)

Part Number DS220-12DC

DS220-24DC

DS230-48DC

DS240-75DC

DS240-95DC

DS240-110DC

DS240-130DC

DS240-220DC

DS240-280DC

DS240-350DC

Nominal DC voltage

Un 12 Vdc 24 Vdc 48Vdc 75 Vdc 95 Vdc 110 Vdc 130 Vdc 220 Vdc 280 Vdc 350 Vdc

Max operating DC voltage

Uc 24 Vdc 38 Vdc 65 Vdc 100 Vdc 125 Vdc 150 Vdc 180 Vdc 275 Vdc 350 Vdc 460 Vdc

Nominal discharge current

In 10kA 10 kA 15 kA 20 kA 20kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA

Maximum discharge current

Imax 20 kA 20 kA 30 kA 40 kA 40 kA 40 kA 40 kA 40 kA 40 kA 40 kA

Protection Level @ In

Up 250 V 250 V 300 V 390 V 450 V 500 V 620 V 900 V 1200 V 1400 V

Protection Level @ 3kA

195 V 195 V 230 V 280 V 310 V 370 V 510 V 690 V 920 V 1000 V

Dimmension(width)

18 mm 18 mm 18 mm 18 mm 18 mm 18 mm 18 mm 18 mm 18 mm 18 mm


Thanks for your attention

Engineering

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