BROADBAND OVER POWER LINE

By: RAJESH ARAYANKARA

IEANEEE034

Guided by Vineeth Mohan Asst. Prof, Dept. of EEE

OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION.

Introduction Literature study BPL Architecture OFDM techniques Types of BPL Advantages

INTRODUCTION.

Broadband over Power Line (BPL) is a technology that allows the voice and internet data to be transmitted using the existing power lines

The basic concept of this technology is that it offers high speed internet access to our homes through the commonly accessible electrical paths

With broadband over power lines, or BPL, you can plug your computer into any electrical outlet in your home and instantly have access to high-speed Internet

LITERATURE STUDY.

Broadband

High Speed Access to Internet.Greater than 128Kbps.Always ONSimultaneous up-link and down link communication.Made possible by digital modems.

Broadband Technologies

Wireless

3G Mobile

Wireline

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)

LMDS & MMDSFSO (Free Space

Optics)

Satellite

DSL (Digital Sub’s Line)

Cable Modem

Optical Fibre Technologies

BPL (Broadband Over Power Line)

WiMAX

ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: CABLE—USE OF CABLE TV PROVIDER’S COAXIAL OR FIBRE-COAXIAL SYSTEMS TO TRANSMIT BROADBAND SIGNALS.

Speed: 1 Mbps to 3 Mbps Reach: Available where cable has been

installed so some rural and suburban locations may not have access.

Remark: The speed of the signal varies by the number of users on the neighbourhood network loop; it degrades with high numbers of users.

ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: DSL—USE OF EXISTING COPPER TELEPHONE WIRES TO TRANSMIT BROADBAND SIGNAL.

Speed: 1.5 Mbps

Reach: In general, a residence must be within about 18,000 feet of the DSL central equipment office.

Remark: Not capable of transmitting TV signals.

ACCESS TECHNOLOGY:FIBRE (FTTX)—USE OF OPTICAL FIBRE LINES TO HOME (FTTH) OR BUSINESS (FTTB) TO DELIVER BROADBAND SERVICES.

Speed: 1 Mbps to 1 Gbps Reach: Fibre to the premises available in

some locations, but its deployment has been limited by high costs.

Remark: Cost reductions enabled by passive optical networks (PON) and advances in component technology are expected to bring costs down.

ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: SATELLITE Speed: 500 Kbps

Reach: Requires a clear view to the south (in the northern hemisphere).

Remark:Trees and even heavy rain may affect reception on Internet data.

ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: WIMAX— WORLDWIDE INTEROPERABILITY FOR MICROWAVE ACCESS, BASED ON A JANUARY 2003 IEEE STANDARD (802.16), SUPPORTS DEVELOPMENT

Speed: Up to 75 - 100 Mbps Reach: Has a range of about 10- 12 kilo

meters of a single base station. This technology has a predicted point-to point range of 25 miles or more

Remark: It is expected to reduce its service charge as it could catch a large number of customers.

BPL Speed: Commercial - up to 3Mbps

Residences - 5 Mbps or higher

Reach: BPL can be applied to the ubiquitous electric distribution network.

Remark: Speeds same for upload

ARCHITECTURE OF BPL

Power lines are most important components in BPL.

Power grid consist of Generators, Substations, Transformers, Power lines

DATA cannot send through high voltage lines, due to electric noise

It directly injected to MV or LV lines

The power signal doesn’t interfere with the BPL data signal. It has a signal range of 1.705-30 MHz

BPL SYSTEM CONTAINS

Injector Coupler Repeater Extractor and modem

INJECTOR It is used to inject data into LV or MV lines It mounted in the substation. OFDM Technique is used here. Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a method of

digital modulation in which a signal is split into several narrowband channels at different frequencies.

COUPLER Couplers are used to connect the Injector to power lines Two types, Inductive and Capacitive Capacitive type have greater efficiency but it required physical

connection to the line Inductive type couplers are connected using ferrite cores

Inductive coupler

REPEATER It is a high frequency operation, distance covered by the BPL signal

is very limited. To overcome this problem Repeaters is used. Connected the poles of the power supply lines. The repeater decodes the OFDM signal, regenerates it and then

again converts it to the OFDM signal and transmits it again.

EXTRACTOR An extractor also has a repeater which boosts the signal before

transmitting onto power lines.

MODEM Use specially designed Silicon Chips. Capable of handling PowerLine Noise-

through use of specially developed modulation technique & adaptive algorithm.

roughly the size of a common power adapter. It plugs into a common wall socket. Ethernet cable running to computer

finishes the connection. Wireless versions are also available.

OFDM TECHNIQUE Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a method of

digital modulation in which a signal is split into several narrowband channels at different frequencies.

OFDM is based on the idea of frequency division multiplexing (FDM) In FDM, about fifty percent of the total spectrum is wasted due to

guard bands which are needed between sub-carriers to ensure that they do not overlap

OFDM is much more spectrally efficient than FDM. It reduces the required bandwidth by squeezing subcarriers tightly together until they actually overlap with each other

By keeping the sub-carriers orthogonal in the complex domain so that they do not interfere with each other.

OPERATION OF OFDM Typically PSK or QAM modulations schemes are used IFFT performs the transformation efficiently and ensures

orthogonality of the sub carriers Cyclic prefix eliminate Guard time between adjacent symbols

OFDMSpread

SpectrumTechniques (FH

and DS)Single Carrier

SpectralEfficiency Good Poor Moderate

RobustnessAgainst Channel

DistortionsExcellent Not Good Good

RobustnessAgainst

Impulsive NoiseFair Fair Good

Ability to adaptto channelchanges

Excellent Fair Good

ImplementationCosts

(Equalizers,etc.)

Fair Poor Poor (Equalizersrequired)

TYPES OF BPL There is two types of BPL1) Access BPL2) In-House

1. Access BPL.

Utilize the power distribution network, owned, operated and controlled by an electricity service provider.

Use injectors, repeaters and extractors to deliver high-speed broadband services to the end-user.

There is two type End to End & Hybrid Access BPL

END TO END In this system we either use a combination of Medium

Voltage (MV) and Low Voltage (LV) or a LV power line The signal is directly injected into the power line and

through the LV transformer is directly delivered to the end user

HYBRID In Hybrid System a combination of MV power lines and wireless

transmission. The signal is injected wirelessly and then using an extractor is

transmitted onto a MV power line which delivers it to the end user

IN-HOUSE BPL Network machines within the building. Utilize electric power lines not owned,

operated or controlled by an electricity service provider, such as the electric wiring in a privately owned building.

Devices are connected to the in-building wiring and use electrical sockets as access points.

designed to provide short-distance communication solutions

Product applications include networking and sharing common resources such as printers.

ADVANTAGES Wide Coverage: power lines are available in

everywere. So it has a wide coverage area Cost: We use existing wires for data transmission

REFERENCE Seema, Dr. Neetu Sharma “Broadband over Power Line”, International

Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Volume 5 Issue 6, June 2016

Seema, Mrs. Neetu Sharma “Broadband over Power Line”, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research Vol. 4, Issue 2, pp: (303-307), Month: April - June 2016

Anushree Gawde, Chintan Patel, Nadeem Masani, Tushar Parekh “Broadband Over Power Lines: Internet Everywhere”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 5, Issue 10, October-2014

“Data Transmission Through Power Lines” BY C.A. Daque (M-IEEE), P.G> Barbosa (M-IEEE), and D.P. Baotista (Student member IEEE)

Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_line_communication Broadband over power line for Indian telecom network- by Ram

Krishna, R. K. Siddhartha Naveen Kumar, G. L. Jogi