168
BURP PROUDLY: The Importance of Air Valves Brian Gongol DJ Gongol & Associates, Inc. March 30, 2016 Iowa WEA Region 5 Conference Huxley, Iowa

Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

BURP PROUDLY:The Importance of Air Valves

Brian GongolDJ Gongol & Associates, Inc.

March 30, 2016

Iowa WEA Region 5 ConferenceHuxley, Iowa

Page 2: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Let's start with a beer keg

Page 3: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

If you pump a few times, you add pressure

Page 4: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Pumping too much creates foamy beer

Page 5: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Beer is relatively incompressible

Page 6: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Releasing a little volume eases lots of pressure

Page 7: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Water in a pressurized system: Same behavior

Page 8: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Not zero like a solid (steel or concrete)

Page 9: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

But close

Page 10: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Squirt guns and belly flops prove it

Page 11: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Everyone knows two ways you can get gas

Page 12: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

1. Swallowing too much air

Page 13: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

2. Eating something that generates gas

Page 14: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

There are two ways to get rid of it

Page 15: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Having gas in your system is unpleasant

Page 16: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Gas stretches your elastic innards

Page 17: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Wastewater systems do not have the same elasticity

Page 18: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

When gas collects, it doesn't have anywhere to go

Page 19: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

But gas inside a force main is just as realas the gas you get from eating a burrito

Page 20: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Force mains are not elastic

Page 21: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Pressure inside does two things

Page 22: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

1. Displaces water that should be flowing through

Page 23: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

2. Places pressure on pipes that can cause damage

Page 24: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

This is why we use air-release valves

Page 25: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

[ ENTER: THE WIRE HANGER ]

Page 26: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

But unlike your digestive tract, hard pipes have to stay full of something at all times

Page 27: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

In addition to releasing air, we have to break vacuums as well

Page 28: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Four different types of valves need to be considered

Page 29: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

1. Air-release

Page 30: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

[ AIR-RELEASE VIDEO ]

Page 31: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

2. Vacuum-breaker

Page 32: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

[ VACUUM-BREAKER VIDEO ]

Page 33: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

3. Air-vac

Page 34: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

4. Combination air valves

Page 35: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

[ COMBINATION AIR VALVE VIDEO ]

Page 36: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Where these are located

Page 37: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Typically some kind of air release at the pump site

Page 38: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Needed for priming

Page 39: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Frequently a site of air capture

Page 40: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Air-release at the highest point is not enough

Page 41: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Air release is needed at all local high points

Page 42: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Also recommended on long stretches of pipe rise

Page 43: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Vacuum-breakers typically needed at the same points

Page 44: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Weight of a column of water

4" diameter, 500' long 43.55 cubic feet 325.75 gallons

Page 45: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

At 8.3 lbs per gallon: 2700 lbs. (a Honda Civic)

Page 46: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

For big exhaust, air-vac valves may be enough

Page 47: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

But if mains needs to "burp", get combination valves

Page 48: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Sizing is a little bit of black magic, but not too much

Page 49: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

When in doubt, go big

Page 50: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Filling a pipeline/force main

Page 51: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Filling a pipeline/force main

Page 52: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Filling a pipeline/force main

Page 53: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Filling a pipeline/force main

Page 54: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Filling a pipeline/force main

Page 55: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Filling a pipeline/force main

Page 56: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Filling a pipeline/force main

Page 57: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Filling a pipeline/force main

Page 58: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Filling a pipeline/force main

Page 59: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Filling a pipeline/force main

Page 60: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Filling a pipeline/force main

Page 61: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Filling a pipeline/force main

Page 62: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Filling a pipeline/force main

Page 63: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Breaking a vacuum

Page 64: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Breaking a vacuum

Page 65: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Breaking a vacuum

Page 66: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Breaking a vacuum - refilling

Page 67: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Air valves are not shock absorbers, too

Page 68: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Water is not like air in a storm door cushion

Page 69: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

But also unlike pushing on a pool cue

Page 70: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Energy is transmitted quickly but not instantly

Page 71: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Energy is conducted as a wave

Page 72: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Air valves and surge valves are complementary

Page 73: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Air is vastly more compressible than water

Page 74: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Water needs surge control to protect pipes

Page 75: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge is like a train starting or stopping

Page 76: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Energy transmits through couplers

Page 77: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 78: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 79: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 80: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 81: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 82: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 83: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 84: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 85: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 86: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 87: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 88: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 89: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 90: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 91: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 92: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 93: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 94: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 95: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 96: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 97: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 98: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 99: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 100: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 101: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 102: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge in a filled force main

Page 103: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Don't make a bad situation worse

Page 104: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break - with vac breakers

Page 105: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break - with vac breakers

Page 106: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break - with vac breakers

Page 107: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break - with vac breakers

Page 108: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break - with vac breakers

Page 109: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break - with vac breakers

Page 110: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break without vac breakers

Page 111: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break without vac breakers

Page 112: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break without vac breakers

Page 113: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break without vac breakers

Page 114: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break without vac breakers

Page 115: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break without vac breakers

Page 116: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break without vac breakers

Page 117: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break without vac breakers

Page 118: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Low point main break without vac breakers

Page 119: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

All the sizing in the world is useless if you don't maintain

Page 120: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Backflushing

Page 121: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

[ BACKFLUSHING VIDEO ]

Page 122: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Risks damaging parts

Page 123: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

May not remove buildup

Page 124: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Could just temporarily move the clog

Page 125: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Alternative: Wiping and scrubbing

Page 126: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

[ CLEANING VIDEO ]

Page 127: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Isolation is important

Page 128: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Knife gate valves for isolation

Page 129: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Plug valves for isolation

Page 130: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Valves aren't just an accessory or a "want"

Page 131: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Proper valving is essential to the proper operation of a force main

Page 132: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Slam is the train sliding back downhill

Page 133: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Vacuum-breaking upon pressure drop

Page 134: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Air in solution in water: About 2%

Page 135: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Air restricts pipe diameter

Page 136: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Can be significant

Page 137: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Air pockets will build

Page 138: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Imagine trapping a tough balloon in the pipe

Page 139: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Lots of compression possible...

Page 140: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

...but dangerous high pressure results

Page 141: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Upsurge and downsurge are hydraulic

Page 142: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Slam is mechanical

Page 143: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Slam comes from column reversal

Page 144: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Slam and surge are independent

Page 145: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Check valves are used for protection

Page 146: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Prevent simple column reversal

Page 147: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Ball check valves

Page 148: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Weighted-flapper check valves

Page 149: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Cushioned check valves

Page 150: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Non-slam check valves

Page 151: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Close fast enough to prevent slam

Page 152: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Example: Sudden power loss

Page 153: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Example: Sudden power loss

Page 154: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Example: Sudden power loss

Page 155: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Example: Sudden power loss

Page 156: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Don't close too fast for pumps and systems

Page 157: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Quick self-closure isn't actual slam

Page 158: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Slam is involuntary seating of the valve

Page 159: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Some valves can control both surge and slam

Checktronic Overcoming high head after bringing pump up to speed

Page 160: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Surge control valve

Page 161: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Water air-release valve

Page 162: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Sewage air-release valve

Page 163: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Wide-body air-release valve

Page 164: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

To recap

Force mains need to burp Force mains need to pass gas Force mains need to swallow air Air absorbs some wave energy, but not all Air pressure, vacuums, and surge waves can damage pipes Well-maintained automatic valves are an important feature

Page 165: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

You don't have to figure it out alone

Free surge analysis available Air-release analysis also available Call: 515-223-4144 Email: [email protected]

Page 166: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Questions?

Thank you for coming!

Page 167: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

Thank you for your attention!

Contact us anytime with questions

Brian Gongol DJ Gongol & Associates 515-223-4144 [email protected]

Page 168: Burp Proudly: The Importance of Air Valves

References

Catalog photos of valves are courtesy GA Industries All other photos are original work by Brian Gongol. All rights

reserved.