Denver Art MuseumDaniel Libeskind

Project ID :Denver Art Museum

Architect : Daniel Libeskind.Years of construction : 2003 – 2006 .Coast :62 .000.000 $ .Location : west 14th avenue parkway ,Denver ,US. Area : 13.564 sq.

ContextRegarding the entire design concept, Libeskind commented, “The project is not designed as a standalone building but as part of a composition of public spaces, monuments and gateways in this developing part of the city, contributing to the synergy amongst neighbors large and intimate.” Libeskind designed a landscaped pedestrian plaza for the DAM complex, which also displays significant works of outdoor sculpture.

SituationThe new building is located directly south of the twin towers of the original building, and adjacent to the Denver Public Library, designed by Michael Graves.Is the core of the new cultural district of the city. The entrance is opposite the new plaza that links the Civic Center in Golden Triangle, a neighborhood of villas, before scorned, which is currently being converted into a fashionable neighborhood.From the inside, visitors can see the mountains and the city of Denver.

Concept & MeaningThe sharp angles and the complex geometry of the Denver art museum’s Frederic C. Hamelton building emulate the jagged peaks of the surrounding Rocky Mountains .The project is designed as a single building, but as part of a composition of public spaces, monuments and gateways in the development of this part of the city, which contributes to the relationship with neighboring buildings. The most striking feature of the museum is the triangular shape of a corner that is fired out of the street toward the old Gio Ponti building.

Other forms are deployed out into the square, partially covering the entrance. But the generality of the exterior lies in how it changes its appearance when looking in different directions. Fragments of a peak can guess outstanding between the towers of the city. From another angle, the structure seems static and has the appearance of búnquer. At night, the building tends to give a visually achatarse strange sense of stillness.

Construction

materials

Trusses

Steel Structure

Challenges

FoundationsInterior

Foundations

Driven Piles “Deep foundation “

A driven pile is a relatively long, slender column, provided to offer support or to resist forces, made of preformed material having a predetermined shape and size that can be physically inspected prior to and during installation, which is installed by impact hammering, vibrating or pushing into the earth.

Driven piles are usually the most cost effective deep foundation solution. You pay only for what you need. There are no hidden extra costs or added expenses for site clean-up. The wide variety of materials and shapes available for driven piles can be easily fabricated or specified for high structural strength, allowing them to be driven by modern hammers to increased working loads thus requiring fewer piles per project, resulting in substantial savings in foundation costs.

Foundations

Driven Piles “Deep foundation “

Installation

Circular and H shape Steel foundation piles used in the structure .The depth of the foundation reached to 7 m below the ground .Chosen to work efficiently with the rocky mountains soil and to achieve the higher stability pleased .

The bridge foundation

Materials

Steel ConcreteConstruction Stage

The 2,740 ton of steel superstructure is an interwoven cluster of leaning braced frames and trusses . More than 3100 pieces of steel are contained by 20 sloping planes that define the structure . None of the planes are parallel or perpendicular to one another ,Almost all the steel used was fabricated in the US.

The 5658 cubic meters of reinforcement concrete with graded aggregates.The slaps were cut in four different sizes : 6” , 9” , 18 with 12” as the common dimensions. The mix was Situ Casted due the special needs ,specifications and different dimensions and angles .

materials

Granite TitaniumFinishing Stage

Nine thousand panels of titanium cladding and over five thousand blots were used in the museum, That will connect Denver to the new millennium.

A smooth black pearl granite was chosen , in order to install the staircases and floors of one of the most innovative museum ever built.

interior

challenges

The unconventional and modern interior design resulted in sloped walls with no right angles to carry the weight of the building ,meaning no plumb staircase or floor lines either ,which greatly challenged every trade involved in the process.

There isn't aright angle in the building , and every stone slab had to be angle cut into the wall .it was ultimate challenge.

  Denver is not an area prone to earthquakes, but because of

the building’s challenging geometry, the structure was designed to withstand lateral forces beyond what would be required for regions with the greatest seismic activity and concretes inherent nature to shrink and cracks as it cures.

challenges

Except for its central elevator core, the building has no true vertical walls. Its ceilings and risers slope at all angles. The engineering challenge was to create a stable supporting structure for a building that did away with typical means of support.

With walls leaning outward, the form required Arup to design the floor framing system to manage heavier lateral loads. Like a ship .

Steel structure

The 3 largest steel beams weigh 550lb per linear foot and are 60ft long - so long that the only company able to fabricate the steel is based in Belgium.

Mortensen used a 3D state-of-the-art computer programmed to map the location of every steel rod before it was installed.

The company also applied a fireproofing material to all of the steel.

116 vertical columns of steel and concrete extend from the building's foundation in to the bedrock.

Steel structure

h beam C channelAngle bars

Flat & square bars

Long steel

Deep foundation

Steel structure

beams

Angle bars

Joint system

Rounded bars

Flat square bars

Long steel

Beams

H Beam made of structural steel is a beam with an H-shaped cross-section, which is widely used in construction and civil engineering. H Beam is a very efficient form for carrying both bending and shear loads in the plane of the web. On the other hand, the cross-section has a reduced capacity in the transverse direction, and is also inefficient in carrying torsion, for which hollow structural sections are often preferred , and its also known as I beam.

H Beams

APPLICATION:Commercial building structurePre-engineered buildingsMachinery support structuresPrefabricated structureMedium scale bridgesSizes:100mm to 900mm  

C channel APPLICATION: Warehouses Car parks Workshops Grandstands & Sport stadiums Multi-story frame structures Sizes:50mm to 300mm .

The structural channel, also known as a C-beam, is a type of (usually steel structure) beams, used primarily in building construction and civil engineering. Its cross section consists of a wide "web", usually but not always oriented vertically, and two "flanges" at the top and bottom of the web, only sticking out on one side of the web. It is distinguished from I beams or H-beam or W-beam type steel cross sections in that those have flanges on both sides of the web.

Angle bars

APPLICATION Trusses Transmission towers Telecommunication towers Bracing for general structures Stiffeners in structural use

Flat & square bars

Flat bars square bars

Size ： 10-18mmsquare bar

Long steel

Deformed barsWire rod

Round bars

Round bars

Diametre: 8-300mm

Wire rodWire is 5.5-30mm diameter hot-rolled round steel, or rather the cross section of the special-shaped steel. Due to the delivery of the goods in the form of wire rod, so it is also known as wire rod.

Application Wire rod is mainly used as the reinforcement of reinforced concrete and welding structure or reprocessed raw material (such as drawing, nail, etc.).

Deformed bars

Diameter 8MM-50MM

hJoint system

Bolted Joints

Bolted joints are one of the most common elements in Construction and machine design. They consist of Fasteners that capture and join other parts, and are secured with the mating of Screw Threads.

Joint system

Welded splices

 

Steel to be welded must be of a certain type that permits welding. A high carbon content, such as that which is found in historic cast iron, cannot be welded.

Welding is used to attach these tubular members. A simple fillet weld is used to attach the smaller HSS to the larger one. The change in size provides space for the weld.

Joint system

Generally in steel work construction, bolted site splices are preferred to welded splices for economy and speed of erection. Hollow sections are typically connected by welding while open sections are connected by bolting or welding, which will usually involve the use of gusset platesSmall trusses which can be transported whole from the fabrication factory to the site, can be entirely welded. In the case of large roof trusses which cannot be transported whole, welded sub-assemblies are delivered to site and are either bolted or welded together on site.

In light roof trusses entirely bolted connections are less favored than welded connections due to the requirement for gusset plates and their increased fabrication costs.

Steel structure

Awardsfrom the American Institute of Steel Construction—AISC’S 2007 Innovative Design in Engineering and Architecture with Structural Steel (IDEAS2) awards program. In determining the winning“Creative solutions to the project’s program requirements”.

Steel structure conclusion

Truss system

 essentially triangulated system of straight interconnected structural system to support roof floors. internal loading .

the main reasons of using trusses long span lightweight reduce deflection opportunity to support considerable

load

Types of Trusses used

Pratt Truss . K Truss .

A Pratt Truss has been used over the past two centuries as an effective truss method. The vertical members are in compression, whilst the diagonal members are in tension.

Advantages Aware of member's behavior - diagonal

members are in tension, vertical members in compression m

The above can be used to design a cost effective structure.

Simple design. Well accepted and used design.Disadvantages ( Challenges ) : Not as advantageous if the load is not vertical

The K Truss is a slightly more complicated version of the Pratt Truss. It's main difference is that the vertical members have become shortened - improving it's resistance against buckling. Advantages Reduced compression in vertical members. Possible reduction in steel and cost if

designed efficiently.Disadvantages (Challenges ): Slightly more complex. Increased constructability due to additional

members.

Truss system

Properties & need ..

uses multiple triangles to support very heavy loads. 

Along with the triangular formations, joints and other forms of enforcement are used to further increase the bridge’s strengths.

Economical To Build . Built In Difficult Places.

Conclusion

There isn't aright angle in the building , which Means :

Steel structure using . Trusses and more trusses . Deep foundations – driven piles - . Special awareness and highly experienced workers and engineers . Special materials – Titanium – Diversity in slaps dimensions and directions . Unique & emotional design . Different beams -shape and dimension- . Diversity in materials to work with every angle . The challenging location – changing temperature -.

Reference's:

And here we can say that we’ve greatly finished our presentation .

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Ruba al kouz

Prepared by

Noor Salo

Samera Nayef

Basemah Al AMERYEH

Aseel Al Deiri