SUBMITTED BYDHRUVE JAIN

DECISION MAKING BY FISH BONE DIAGRAM

AND SIX THINKING HAT

FISH BONE DIAGRAM

Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa, a Japanese quality control statistician, invented the fishbone diagram. Therefore, it may be referred to as the Ishikawa diagram.

It is also known as cause and effect diagram.The fishbone diagram is an analysis tool that

provides a systematic way of looking at effects and the causes.

The purpose of the fishbone diagram is categorizing the many potential causes of problems or issues in an orderly way and in identifying root causes.

INTRODUCTION

It can be used to study a problem/issue and to determine the root cause.

It can be used to study all the possible reasons why a process is beginning to have difficulties, problems, or breakdowns.

It can be used to study why a process is not performing properly or producing the desired results.

USES OF FISHBONE DIAGRAM

Identify the problem- figure out the problem as “poor quality” and put it at the head of fish bone

Work out the major factors involved- identify the factors that may be part of the problem. These may be systems, equipment, materials, external forces, people.

Identify possible causes- Main causes may be divided into sub causes which form the fine lines that run off the major bones.

Analyze your diagram- analyze the diagram and further action can be taken according to that.

STEPS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM

For finding problems, the 5 M's are a useful tool in finding possible causes to a problem.

Manpower MaterialsMethodsMachinesMeasurement

TOOLS FOR FISHBONE DIAGRAM

For problems that are being examined in the service industry, the 5 P's can be used to develop the Cause Effect diagram

People (employees)Provisions (supplies)Procedures (processes)Place (environment)Patrons (customers)

TOOLS FOR FISHBONE DIAGRAM

SIX THINKING HATS

This was developed by Edward de Bono in 1980s helps in experiment with different ways of thinking and to see ides from different angles

It forces us to move outside of our habitual thinking style, and helps us to get out a more rounded view of situation

It is a simple effective parallel thinking process that helps people be more productive , focused and mindfully involved

ABOUT SIX THINKING HATS

Many people think from a very rational, positive view point. Often they , may fail to look at a problem from an emotional , intuitive, creative or negative viewpoint. Same may occur in case of person having negative view.

The six metaphorical thinking hats represents six types of thinking. we wear one of these hats to help us thinking about an idea in a particular way

WHY SIX THINKING HATS

White hat – facts and figures

Red hat – emotional view

Black hat- negative side

Yellow hat – positive side

Green hat – creative side

Blue hat – organizing view

WHAT IS SIX THINKING HATS

Focus on the data availableLooking at the information availableWhat we can learn from itLooking for gaps in knowledgeTry to fill these gapsWhat are the required information

WHITE THINKIG HAT

Decision using intuitionDecision by gut reaction and emotionHow people will respond emotionallyNo justification , reasons or basis . All

decisions are emotional at the end

RED THINKING HAT

Looking at things pessimistically , cautiously and defensively.

Try to find what ideas might not workFigure out the weak points Downsides and risks It allows to eliminate weak pointsThis must be always logical . Overuse of it may

send person in a zone where he always finds faults

BLACK THINKING HAT

It shows the positive and optimistic viewpoint.

Benefits of the decision and value of it.

Seeing the brighter, sunny side of situations.

Yellow hat thinking helps to keep going when everything seems difficult.

YELLOW THINKING HAT

Creative solution of problem.Freewheeling way of thinking , innovations New concepts and new perceptions. focus on alternatives .out of the box thinking. Available new options.Statements of provocation and investigation

GREEN THINKING HAT

focus on control and progressionwhat is the subject? what are we thinking about?

what is the goal?what else should I consider it is called the hat of leaderIt is used either at the start or end of the

discussion

BLUE THINKING HAT

Use any hat as often as neededIt can be used in any sequenceNot necessary to use every hatHave a time under each hatRequires discipline from each personIt can be used either by individual or groups

USING THE HATS

www.wikepedia.org

www.isixsigma.com

www.debonoforschools.com

www.debonothinkingsystems.com

REFERENCES