ICT literacy students notes

BY JEAN DE DIEU IYAKAREMYE

ICTBy IYAKAREMYE Jean de Dieu

Email:[email protected]


Definitions• What is a computer? It is an electric and electronic machine used to

process data Technically, a computer is a programmable

machine. This means it can execute a programmed list of instructions and respond to new instructions that it is given.

It is a device that accepts information (in the form of digitalized data) and manipulates it for some result based on a program or sequence of instructions on how the data is to be processed.


Basic concepts. Cont…

• Data When raw information is entered into and stored

in a computer, it is generally referred to as data.• Analog information As humans, we perceive the world in analog.

Everything we see and hear is a continuous transmission of information to our senses. This continuous stream is what defines analog data.


Basic concepts. Cont…

• Digital information or binary language. Digital information is stored using a series of ones and

zeros. Computers are digital machines because they can only read information as on or off -- 1 or 0. This method of computation, also known as the binary system, may seem rather simplistic, but can be used to represent incredible amounts of data. CDs and DVDs can be used to store and play back high-quality sound and video even though they consist entirely of ones and zeros.


Basic parts of a computer system.• All computer systems need two types of parts

that work together to make them run. These parts are:

Hardware The hardware is the part of the computer you can touch and see.

Software The software is a part of the computer you cannot touch but is very important. The software is all the programming that makes the computer run; controlling everything that the computer does.


Hardware.


Hardware.• Computer hardware is the physical part of the

computer including the digital circuits inside the computer as opposed to the software that carry out the computing instructions.

• Hardware comprises all of the physical part of the computer and they are divided into 4 main categories:

Input hardware. Processing hardware (CPU). Output hardware. Storage devices (Memories).


Input hardware.

• An input device is any device that provides input to a computer.

• Since the job of a computer is primarily to process input, computers are pretty useless without input devices. Therefore, input devices are a vital part of every computer system.

• There are dozens of possible input devices, but the two most common ones are a keyboard and mouse.


Keyboard.

• As the name implies, a keyboard is basically a board of keys. Along with the mouse, the keyboard is one of the primary input devices used with a computer. The keyboard's design comes from the original typewriter keyboards, which arranged letters and numbers in a way that prevented the type-bars from getting jammed when typing quickly.

• In Rwanda, we have two types of keyboards: QWERTY : English keyboard. AZERTY : French keyboard.


KEYBOARD• In general the keyboard is divided into 5 sub-keyboard: Function keys (F1 up to F12): are found at the top of the

keyboard. Command keys: Enter, Shift,.. Alpha numeric keys: the central keys of the keyboard. Cursor control keys: are arrows that allow you to move the

cursor in four directions Numeric keys: are found on the right side of the keyboard

“The Num Lock “key must be pressed on in order for these keys to function otherwise the Numeric Keys are used as Cursor control keys.



Mouse.• While most people don't want to see a mouse

running around in their home, they typically don't have a problem seeing one sitting by their computer. This is because, along with the keyboard, the mouse is one of the primary input devices used with today's computers. The name comes from the small shape of the mouse, which you can move quickly back and forth on the mouse pad, and the cord, which represents the mouse's tail.



MOUSE• Click pressing the left button only once• Right click pressing the right button only once• Double click pressing a computer mouse button twice

quickly without moving the mouse• A scroll wheel (or mouse wheel) is a hard plastic or rubbery

disc (the "wheel") on a computer mouse that is perpendicular to the mouse surface. It is normally located between the left and right mouse buttons. It is used, as the name suggests, for scrolling.


Other input devices.

• Scanners- Scanners allow you to transfer pictures and photographs to your computer.

• Microphone: allows you to enter voice into a computer.


Output hardware.

• Any device that outputs information from a computer is called, an output device. Since most information from a computer is output in either a visual or auditory format, the most common output devices are:

Monitor. Speakers.• These two devices provide instant feedback to the

user's input, such as displaying characters as they are typed or playing a song selected from a playlist.


Monitor.

• The term "monitor" is often used synonymously with "computer screen" or "display." The monitor displays the computer's user interface and open programs, allowing the user to interact with the computer, typically using the keyboard and mouse.

Cathodic Ray Tube Technology

Liquid Crystal Display Technology


Printer.

• It’s a device that prints text or illustrations on paper.


Processing hardware.

• The processing hardware is made of two main parts: CPU or Central Processing Unit relates to a specific or

processor. The performance of the computer is determined by the CPU chip (processor speed) and the other computer circuitry. Currently, the Pentium chip (processor) is the most popular even though there are other chips available in the market today such as AMD, Motorola and others.



Processing hardware. Cont…

Motherboard : contains the hardware circuitry and connections that allow the different hardware components of the PC to interact and communicate with each other.

• Ports enable you to connect external output or input devices to your computer.



Storage devices.• Just like humans, computers rely a lot on memory.

They need to process and store data, just like we do. However, computers store data in digital format, which means the information can always be called up exactly the way it was stored. Also, unlike our memory, the computer's memory doesn't get worse over time.

• Currently, there are two types of memory: Permanent memory: memory that is not erased even

if there is power cut off. Volatile memory: memory that is erased when there is

power cut off. It is also known as main memory.


Permanent memory. • Hard disk drives are an internal, higher

capacity drive which also stores the operating system which runs when you power on the computer. It is also used to save the personal data.


Permanent memory. Cont…

• ROM: Stands for "Read-Only Memory“. ROM is memory containing hardwired instructions that the computer uses when it boots up, before the system software loads. In PCs, the instructions are read from a small program in the ROM, called the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System).


Permanent memory. Cont…

• Flash memory, CDs, Floppy disk drives allow you to save work and take the data with you.

• CD-ROM (Read Only Memory) drive is often called the d: drive. CDs are inserted into this drive.


Volatile memory.• RAM (Random Access Memory): This is the primary

memory, which holds all the programs and data the processor is using at a given time.


Use of RAM.

• Every time you open a program, it gets loaded from the hard drive into the RAM. This is because reading data from the RAM is much faster than reading data from the hard drive. Running programs from the RAM of the computer allows them to function without any lag time. The more RAM your computer has, the more data can be loaded from the hard drive into the RAM, which can effectively speed up your computer.


Power supply.

• The power supply feeds electrical power to every single part of the system unit.

• It plays also a role of converting alternative current into direct current.


Inside a CPU


SOFTWARE Software comprises the instructions that tell the

computer what to do. In general software is divided into :

- applications software - system software or operating system.

A. Application software is software that has been developed to solve a

particular problem, to perform useful work on specific tasks, or to provide entertainment.

Applications software may be custom or packaged.a) Packaged software or a software package is the

kind off-the-shelf program developed for sale to the general public.

Example: Word processing programs.b) Custom software is software designed and developed for a particular

customer. This is the kind of software that you would hire a

computer programmer- a software creator- to develop for you.


B. System program or operating system (OS) controls almost all functions on a computer.

Roles of an Operating SystemAll computers rely on an operating system (OS) to

provide the interface for interaction between users, applications, and hardware.

The operating system boots the computer and manages the file system.

Almost all modern operating systems can support more than one user, task, or CPU.

The operating system has four main roles:1.Control hardware access2.Manage files and folders3.Provide user interface4.Manage applications


INTRODUCTION TO WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEMWindows is an operating system that

controls the basic functions of your computer, such as loading and running programs, saving data, and displaying information on the screen.


TO SWITCH ON THE COMPUTER

It is necessary to verify if all necessary cables are plugged (the electrical cables, the keyboard cable, the mouse cable and the monitor cable). Press on “the switch on” button of the Computer Case then press “the switch on” button of the monitor.

When you start a computer, sometimes it asks you to give the username and the password.

If the password is known, type the password and press on [Enter] key Or Click on OK


TO SWITCH OFF THE COMPUTER

The procedure of turning off the computer depends on the operating system installed in that computer. For Example:

Click on Start then click on Turn off computer/ Shut down

Click on Turn off / shut down press “the switch on” button of the monitor.


Desktop elements of Windows XP• Taskbar (containing the buttons corresponding to the

started programs)• Start Menu• Desktop • Icons (the graphic picture followed by a legend that

represents an object.)To select an icon, do left click on that icon


UNDERSTANDING WINDOWS BASICS• What Is The Desktop?The Desktop is the working area (background) of the

Windows display on your computer.It’s the main windows screen.• What Is The Taskbar?The taskbar is the horizontal bar along the bottom of the

Desktop. • What Is An Icon?• An icon is a little picture that represents a program,

command, or a file. For instance, the My Computer icon looks like a small computer.


What Is A Shortcut?• Icon that has a small white arrow in the lower

left corner is a Shortcut. The arrow indicates that the icon is a shortcut that points to a program, folder, or other item.

• A shortcut is a quick way to open a program or file.

What Is A File?• A file is a collection of information, with a

unique name, stored in your computer or on a removable disk.


What Is An Extension?• The last three or Four letters (suffix) of a file name

designate an extension. An extension identifies the format of the file. It is preceded by a period. Every file is in a specific format. There are many different formats. By naming a file with an extension, you tell the computer the format of a file and the computer knows what program that it must use to open that file.

What Is A Folder?• Folders are special files that can hold multiple

documents. They allow you to organize information. Folders can hold both files and other folders (subfolders).


Opening a file, folder

• 1st method: Select the icon and do double click.

• 2nd method: Select the icon and press on the [Enter] key of the keyboard.

• 3rd method: Select the icon and right click. In the pop-up menu that is displayed, click on

command Open


open Icon called My computer


Meaning of letters

• A& B Floppy disk drivers• C Hard disk• Next letter CD/DVD driver• Next letter Removable disk



To open Accessories program:• click Start, point to All Programs, point to

Accessories, and then click On program you want to use (e.g: Calculator, Word Pad,…)


CREATING FOLDER

• Open ‘My computer’ icon then select a location where to create the directory , for example: ‘local disk ( C )’ ; Right click in the empty space, in the menu that opens, select ‘New ’then ‘Folder’. Type the name of the folder as BCNumber and confirm the name by doing double clicking in empty space or press Enter key .



EXERCISE• Create two folders on the desktop and name the first

one as your surname and the second one as your family name.

• Create two folders in My Documents and name the first one as your surname and the second one as your family name.

• Create two folders on the local disk C and name the first one as your surname and the second one as your family name.


Rename a folder

• Right click on folder• Click on Rename• Type new name and confirm by doing double

clicking in empty space or press Enter key


Delete a file, a folder temporally/permanently Delete a file, a folder temporally Recycle Bin• Right click on folder, file• Click on Delete• Click on Yes or Press on [Enter button]Delete a file, a folder permanently • Open the Recycle Bin• Right click on folder, file• Click on Delete• Click on Yes or Press on [Enter button]

OR• Select a file, folder and press Shift + Delete


Restore a folder

• Open Recycle Bin • Right click on folder• Click on Restore


Launching MS Word 20071. Click on ‘Start ‘menu, select ‘All programs/Programs’2. Click on ‘Microsoft Office’ then select ‘Microsoft Office Word

2007’• N.B: The extension of MS word 2007 is . docx while the

extension of MS word 2003 is .doc


Getting Familiar with Microsoft Word 2007 for Windows


THE MICROSOFT OFFICE BUTTON

In the upper-left corner of the Word 2007 window is the Microsoft Office button. When you click the button, a menu appears. You can use the menu to create a new file, open an existing file, save a file, and perform many other tasks.

THE TITLE BAR The Title bar displays the title of the document on which you are currently working. Word names the first new document you open Document1. As you open additional new documents, Word names them sequentially. When you save your document, you assign the document a new name.


THE QUICK ACCESS TOOLBAR

Next to the Microsoft Office button is the Quick Access toolbar. The Quick Access toolbar provides you with access to commands you frequently use. By default Save, Undo, and Redo appear on the Quick Access toolbar.

You can use Save to save your file,Undo to rollback an action you have taken, and Redo to reapply an action you have rolled back.


THE RIBBON

You use commands to tell Microsoft Word what to do. In Microsoft Word 2007, you use the Ribbon to issue commands. The Ribbon is located near the top of the screen, below the Quick Access toolbar. At the top of the Ribbon are several tabs; clicking a tab displays several related command groups. Within each group are related command buttons. You click buttons to issue commands or to access menus and dialog boxes. You may also find a dialog box launcher in the bottom-right corner of a group. Clicking the dialog box launcher gives you access to additional commands via a dialog box.




The Vertical and Horizontal and Vertical Scroll Bars

• The vertical and horizontal scroll bars enable you to move up, down, and across your window simply by dragging the icon located on the scroll bar.

• The vertical scroll bar is located along the right side of the screen.

• The horizontal scroll bar is located just above the status bar. To move up and down your document, click and drag the vertical scroll bar up and down.

• To move back and forth across your document, click and drag the horizontal scroll bar back and forth. You won't see a horizontal scroll bar if the width of your document fits on your screen.



Understanding Document Views • In Word 2007, you can display your document in one of five views:

Draft, Web Layout, Print Layout, Full Screen Reading, or Online Layout.

• Draft View Draft view is the most frequently used view. You use Draft view to quickly edit your document.

• Web Layout Web Layout view enables you to see your document as it would appear in a browser such as Internet Explorer.

• Print Layout The Print Layout view shows the document as it will look when it is printed.

• Reading Layout Reading Layout view formats your screen to make reading your document more comfortable.

• Outline View Outline view displays the document in outline form. You can display headings without the text. If you move a heading, the accompanying text moves with it.


Saving the Microsoft Word document

•Click on the Microsoft Office button•In the menu that opens, click on Save As

– Click on Word document for Microsoft word 2007 format(.docx)

– Click on Word 97-2003 for Microsoft word 2007 and previous formats(.doc)


3. Select the location (Desktop, My Documents, My computer and so on..)Ex: Desktop

4. In File name text box, type the name of the document. ex: exercise15. Click on Save


Exercisei. Open word document ex1.docx saved on the

desktop and do the following activities:ii. Type the text below and apply the new

features by following procedures indicated in the next slide:

THE ROLE OF BIOS When you start your system it has no idea what

driver it has so it can’t even load its operating system. To solve this problem, a computer has a Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) that it looks for as soon as you turn it on.

BIOS performs a number of important functions: It interprets keystrokes It displays characters on the screen It handles communication through computer’s

ports It tests the system every time you turn it on.The purpose of this system is to give software a link

to the hardware


i. Select the title and click on Home tab the Font Group, click on the Dialog Box Launcher and select the Font of 'Arial', Font Color 'Blue' , size '25', Underline with dotted line and use the underline color of Red and click on OK.

OR In the Font Group, click on the directional button on

Callibri(Body) and select the Font of 'Arial'; on big letter A, click on the directional button and select the Font Color 'Blue'; on 11, click on the directional button and select the size '25'; to underline, click on the directional button on U.

ii. To apply Bullets, select the text and click on Home tab. Go to the Paragraph Group, click on the directional button on the first option and select Bullets of your choice.


Create the folder on Local disk C of your RegNo and save in the Microsoft Word document as your registration number. (Example: c:\ Regno \Regno.docx).

Explain the Role of Gender in Rwanda Economy Development on one page.Do the following operations:1.Copy the contents of the 1st page to other 5 following pages. i. To add a new page, go to the end of the previous page and press Enter Keyii. Select the text and click on Home tab. Go to the Clipboard Group, click on

OR select the text, do right click then click on Copy

ii. Select to location where you want to copy the text then click on Home tab. Go to the Clipboard Group and click on OR do right click then click on Paste

2. Insert Page numbers of capital letters on Footer in center i. On Insert tab on the Ribbon, go to the Header & Footer group and on the

directional button on Page Number, select Format Page Numbers. In Number Format, select Capital Letters. In Start At put A and click on Ok.

ii. Go to the Header & Footer group and on the directional button on Page Number, select Bottom of Page and click on Plain Number2.


Insert numbers Starting from the middle of the document

When you add page numbers to a Microsoft Word document, you usually begin with the number "1" starting the first page. However, if you've combined all elements of a document into one file, you may need to re-start numbering in the middle of the file itself. If, for example, you've added an appendix, bibliography, index or table of contents in the document, the numbering for each of these differs from the numbering of the main document. Use the tools available to ensure your numbering is correct throughout.


Insert numbers Starting from the middle of the document(cont’)Place the cursor on the previous page of the document

where you want to start numbering. Go to the Page Layout tab, click "Breaks," and then click "Next Page" under Section Breaks.

Double-click the header or footer in which you want to place the page number to activate the tools for this area of your document section.

From the Header & Footer Tools that are in the Navigation group, click "Link to Previous." This will break the link from the previous section and allow you to begin numbering here.


Insert numbers Starting from the middle of the document(cont”)Click "Page Number" in the Header &

Footer group and then click "Format Page Numbers.’’

Click "Start at" and type the number "1" into the box. Click "OK.“

Return to your document by selecting "Close Header and Footer" from the Design tab, which is under Header & Footer Tools.


• By using the previous exercise, click on Page Layout tab on the Ribbon

i. Select the first word on 1st page. Go to the Page Background group and click on Page Borders. In the new window, click on Borders, click on Box select the style of line as dotted line, select the color as Blue. In Apply to select a Paragraph.

ii. Go to the Page Background group and click on Page Borders. In the new window, click on Page Border, click on Box select the style of line as double line, select the color as Blue. In Apply to select This section-All except the first page.

iii. Select the last word on the last page and Go to the Page Background group and click on Page Borders. In the new window, click on Shading, in Fill option, select a yellow color and In Apply to select a Text.


Create the folder on Local disk C of your RegNo and save in the Microsoft Word document as your registration number. (Example: c:\ Regno \Regno.doc).


DRAWING A TABLE1. To draw a table, on Insert tab on Ribbon go to the Tables group , click on

the directional button on Table then click on Insert Table, precise the number of Columns (Vertical lines) and Rows (Horizontal lines). Intersection of a row with a column is called a cell.

2. Click in the table then click on the Table Tools which appears close to the Title bar, click then click on Layout and apply the following features to your table.

a. Merge Cells (Combining many cells in one cell) Select Cells to combine, then on Merge group click on Merge Cells.

b. Adding a new column select existing column, then on Rows & Columns group, click on Insert Left or Insert Right

c. Adding a new row select existing row, then on Rows & Columns group, click on Insert Below or Insert Above

d. To delete click in the Table, then on Rows & Columns group, click on the directional arrow on Delete then precise what do you want to Delete (Cells, Columns, Rows, Table)

Or Select Cells do Right Click and apply indicated features using the Pop Menu


Including Picture, Clip Art, Shape, Header, Word Art, Equation in a document Use INSERT tab on the RIBBON

i. In illustrations group, click on Picture, then search the picture from the directory. Select a picture then click on Insert.

ii. In illustrations group, click on Clip Art then Organize clips select Office Collections you will see pictures grouped and categories, click on any group for ex: Animal, select the Picture , click on the directional arrow on picture then Copy you might close the small dialog box, go to the document do right click and click on Paste.

iii. To insert the geometrical figure, In illustrations group, click on Shapes and select any figure. For drawing, press the left button of the mouse; for ending up, release the left button..

iv. To put your name at the top of every page, go In Header & Footer group, click on Header select Alphabet and type your name then click inside your document.

v. To insert another style of writing, go In Text group, click on Word Art, select a style, type the text and click on Ok.

vi. To write Equation, go In Symbols group, click on Equation then select a sample of the equation you want to rely on.

vii. To write the symbol which is not on the keyboard, go In Symbols group, click on Symbol then Click on symbol. To get other symbols, click on More Symbols, select the symbol and click on Insert then Close.


Create the folder on Local disk C of your RegNo and save in the Microsoft Word document as exercise1 (Example: c:\ Regno \ exercise1.docx).

By using the table below and generate the chart:

1. In Insert tab on Ribbon go to the Illustrations group, click on Chart. Select the Type of the chart. Automatically the Default chart along with its corresponding table are displayed. Modify the default table to be similar with your given table.

2. Click on the Chart Tools which appears close to the Title bar, click on Layout and apply the following features to your Chart.a. Click on Chart Title then Above the Chart, name the chart as Comparisonb. Click on Axis Titles then Primary Horizontal Axis Title to name the axis as

Classes and Primary Vertical Axis Title as Numbersc. Click on Legend to select the position of Legend by referring to the chart.d. Click on the Data Labels then click on Center for displaying values on

columns.(center option depends upon the type of chart that you have selected)


PARAGRAPHIn Home tab on Ribbon go to the Paragraph group.Align Text Left Margin on the Left Side.Align Text Right Margin on the Right Side.Center Text Margin is centered.Justify Margin on the Left and Right Sides.


FOOTNOTES/ENDNOTESFootnotes notes appear in the bottom margin of every page.Endnotes notes appear only on the last page of a document.In References tab on Ribbon go to the Footnotes group, click on Insert Footnote/Insert Endnotes


TO PROTECT THE MICROSOFT WORD DOCUMENT1. Click on Microsoft Office button2. In the menu that opens, click on Save As

i. Click on Word document for Microsoft word 2007 format(.docx)

ORii. Click on Word 97-2003 for Microsoft word 2007

and previous formats(.doc) 3. In the new window Save As , click on Tools

options4. Click on Security options or General options

i. In Password to open text box , type the first password

ii. In Password to modify text box , type the second password

5. Reenter the passwords to confirm6. Click on Save


DIFFERENT STYLE OF PAGE NUMBERS ON A DOCUMENT.Step1: Insert page numbers.Step2. To stop the first style, click on Page

Layout tab on Ribbon and go to the Page Setup group, click on Breaks then click on Next Page

Step3. Insert the new format of Page Numbers.


TABLE OF CONTENTSMark Table of Contents Entries

You can mark the Table of Contents entries in one of two ways: by using built-in heading styles or by marking individual text entries.





LIST OF FIGURES/TABLESStep1 Select text that must appear in list of

figures/tablesIn References tab on Ribbon go to the Captions

group, click on Insert Caption. In the Caption label select Figure or Table

Step2 Select the page on which you want to put the list of figures/tables.

In References tab on Ribbon go to the Captions group, click on Insert Table of Figures.

a.For the list of Figures In Caption Label, select Figure then click on Ok.

b.For the list of Tables In Caption Label, select Table then click on Ok.


LIST OF FIGURES/TABLESStep1 Select text that must appear in list of

figures/tablesIn Reference tab on Ribbon go to the Captions group and click on Insert Caption. In the Caption Label select Figure or Table then click on Ok

Step2 Select the page on which you want to put the list of figures/tables.In Reference tab on Ribbon go to the Captions group and click on Insert Table of Figures. In new window

a.For the list of Figures In Caption Label, select Figure and click on Ok.

b.For the list of Tables In Caption Label, select Table and click on Ok.


PRINTING THE MICROSOFT WORD DOCUMENT Click on Microsoft Office button, click on Print then click on Print



MICROSOFT EXCEL 2007Extension .xlsxMicrosoft excel document is called a

Workbook or BookBy default, on the workbook there are 3

worksheets named Sheet1, sheet2, sheet3On one sheet there are:

16,384 columns (from Column A to Column XFD)

1,048,576 rows(from Row 1 to Row 1,048,576)Address is formed by the name of the

column followed by the name of the row. Ex: A1


To create a table and format numbers as well as currency, select cells that form your table. Click on Home tab on Ribbon go to Cells group , click on the directional button on Format then click on Format Cells then you get new window or on Home tab, click on the Dialog Box Launcher on Font group or Paragraph group or Number group to get the same new window :

a. Click on Border then select inside border and outline border then click on ok. To remove the border, click on None then Ok.

b. Click on Number tab then click again on Number then select Decimal. In Decimal places put number 2 then click on ok.

c. Click on Number tab then select Currency and select RWF then click on ok.

d. Most of the time, the formula are applied to addresses rather than numbers. N.B: Formula start with equal sign ( = ). To confirm the formula, press Enter key.

e. Apply your formula to one row or one column, put the mouse pointer in lower right corner. When the mouse pointer changes to small + sign, hold the left button of the mouse and apply the formula to the remaining rows or columns of your table then release the left button of the mouse.

f. Fill is the same as shading in Microsoft word


Save the following exercise in c:\ year1RegNo\1.xlsx


FUNCTIONSA. Typing a function manually :

o For independent cells. = Name of the function ( 1st address, 2nd address,…).Ex: =sum(A1,A5,A10).o For range of cells= Name of the function ( 1st address: Last address).EX: = sum(A1:A5)

B. Using built in function option:o Select a cell of your result, click on Home tab on

Ribbon go to Editing group , click on the directional button on First Symbol

then select a function to use. If you don’t find the function that you are searching, click on More Functions then in new window , select a category as All in order to have all functions sorted through Alphabetical order.

o Select a function to use as well cells on which you want to apply your formula.


Merge Cells select cells, Click on Home tab on Ribbon go to Alignment group, click on Dialog Box Launcher tick on Merge Cells and click on Ok. OR Click on Home tab on Ribbon go to Alignment group , click on the directional button on last symbol then click on Merge Cells

Save the following exercise in c:\ year1RegNo\2.xls and calculate the indicated functions using function option


Save the following exercise in c:\ year1RegNo\3.xlsx Create the table below and calculate indicated functions


ADDRESSESNORMAL ADDRESS: Name of the column

followed by the name of the row. Ex: A1When applying formula to the remaining

rows of your table the name of the row is incremented to one.

REFERENCE ADDRESS (constant address) Name of the column preceded by $ and the

name of the row preceded by $ or you select the normal address and press F4

Ex: $A$1When applying formula to the remaining

rows of your table, the address doesn’t change


CHART• Select Cells then on Insert tab on Ribbon go to Charts

group, select the type of the chart you want by relying on Icons in this group or click on Dialog Box Launcher and select the type of the chart and click on Ok.

1. Click on the Chart Tools which appears close to the Title bar, click on Layout and apply the following features to your Chart.

a. Click on Chart Title then Above the Chart, name the chart as Comparison

b. Click on Axis Titles then Primary Horizontal Axis Title to name the axis as Classes and Primary Vertical Axis Title as Numbers

c. Click on Legend to select the position of Legend by referring to the chart.

d. Click on the Data Labels then click on Center for displaying values on columns.(center option depends upon the type of chart that you have selected)


Save the following exercise in c:\ year1RegNo\3.xlsUsing the table below generate indicated chart


Save the following in c:\ RegNo\RegNo.xlsx1. After calculating the percentage, sort the names of

students (Hint: Select Cells then on Home tab on Ribbon go to Editing group, click on Sort & Filter then click on Sort A to Z).

2. With the conditional formatting, highlight wherever the marks in French, English, Ethics and ICT is less than 10. ( Hint: Select Cells then on Home tab on Ribbon go to Styles group, click on Conditional Formatting then click Highlight Cells Rules then click on Lesser Than then in new window put 10 and click on Ok).

3. Draw a chart of type Line representing the result of exams

4. In the row Status find maximum marks for each subject 5. In the column of Grade. Calculate the grade using IF

function. If the percentage is greater or equal to 50, the grade is “Pass” and for percentage lesser than 50, the grade is “Fail”. (Hint: click on Home tab on Ribbon go to Editing group , click on the directional button on First Symbol then click on More Functions and select select IF . In Logical_test type G3>=50, in Value_if_true type Pass and in Value_if_false type Fail, click on OK)



Save the following exercise in c:\ year1RegNo\3.xlsxUsing the table below generate indicated chart


MICROSOFT POWERPOINT 2007INTRODUCTION TO POWERPOINTPowerPoint is a powerful tool which allows you to

create professional presentations quickly and easily.

The presentations are made up of slides that run like a slide show.

DEFINITIONSPresentation: The primary type of file

PowerPoint is used to create. Presentations typically have the file extension .pptx

Slides: Individual parts of a presentation. Slides are similar to the individual pages in a print document, and can contain text, graphics, and animation.


Layout: The specific arrangement of text and images on a slide. Layouts can be very simple, consisting of simple titles and text, or they can be more complex and include elaborate colors and images. You can also include animation, sounds, and other multimedia objects in your layout.

View: Microsoft PowerPoint has three main views: normal view, slide sorter view, and slide show view.

a. Normal view is the main editing view.b. Slide sorter view is an exclusive view of your

slides in thumbnail form, helpful for rearranging the order of your slides.

c. Slide show view takes up the full computer screen, like an actual slide show presentation. In this full-screen view, you see your presentation the way your audience will.


• Slide Show: The way a presentation appears when you are presenting it. When you display your slides in a slide show, the slides typically take up the whole screen, and they appear in sequence.

• Design Template: The specific “look” of a slide or group of slides. A design template can be very basic - with black text on a white background - or it can be very colorful and complex. Typically, PowerPoint presentations have the same design template for all slides, although it is possible to select a different design template for each slide.


Save this exercise in c:\RegNo\ppt1.pptxTopic: Explain in 15 slides, reasons of choosing your

course .1. Click on Home tab on Ribbon go to Slides group ,

click on the directional button on Layout then click on Title and content.

2. To add a new slide, Click on Home tab on Ribbon go to Slides group , click on the directional button on New Slide then click on the Layout of your choice .

3. To change the background of your presentation, click on Design tab on Ribbon . In Themes group , click on the background of your choice .4.To include animations, Click on Animations tab on Ribbon go to Animations group , click on the directional button on Animate then click on Wipe.5.By default, to go to the next slide, the Keyboard or mouse is used. 6.If you don’t want to use the mouse or keyboard to go to next slide, Click on Animations tab on Ribbon go to Transition to This Slide group , Tick on Automatically After and put 5 and click on Apply To All.

Engineering

ICT literacy students notes