LONG TERM EVOLUTIONReporters:

Michael Pablo Dela Paz Mark Anthony Juanillo

Carlo Bonne Matienzo Neo Gabriel Pablo

UMTS

Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS)

UMTS is an upgrade from GSM via GPRS or EDGE

The standardization work for UMTS is carried out by

Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)

Data rates of UMTS are:

144 kbps for rural

384 kbps for urban outdoor

2048 kbps for indoor and low range outdoor

Virtual Home Environment (VHE)

UMTS FREQUENCY SPECTRUM

UMTS Band

1900-2025 MHz and 2110-2200 MHz for 3G

transmission

 In the US, 1710–1755 MHz and 2110–

2155 MHz will be used instead, as the

1900 MHz band was already used.

UMTS FREQUENCY SPECTRUM

UMTS NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

UMTS network architecture consists of three domains:

Core Network (CN)

Provide switching, routing and transit for user traffic

UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN)

Provides the air interface access method for user

equipment.

User Equipment (UE)

Terminals work as air interface counterpart for base

stations.

UMTS ARCHITECTURE

3.5G (HSPA)High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) is the combination of two mobile telephony protocols;High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) andHigh Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), that extends and improves the performance of existing WCDMA protocols3.5G introduces many new features that will enhance the UMTS technology in future. These include:

- Adaptive Modulation and Coding- Fast Scheduling- Backward compatibility with 3G- Enhanced Air Interface

WHAT IS LTE ??

LTE stands for Long Term Evolution

Next Generation mobile broadband

technology

Promises data transfer rates of 100 Mbps

Based on UMTS 3G technology

Optimized for All-IP traffic

MOTIVATION FOR LTE

Need for optimised system• Evolve UMTS towards packet only system

Need for higher data rates• Can be achieved with HSDPA/HSUPA• And/or new air interface defined by 3GPP LTE

Need for high quality of service• Use of licensed frequencies to guarantee quality of

services• Always-on experience (reduce control plane latency

significantly)• Reduce round trip delay

Need for cheaper infrastructure• Simply architecture, reduce number of network

elements• Most data users are less mobile

ADVANTAGES OF LTE

COMPARISON OF LTE SPEED

LTE ARCHITECTURE

LTE Architecture mainly consists of 3 Main Components:

Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

User Equipment (UE)

E-UTRAN - Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio

Access Network.

LTE ARCHITECTUREEVOLVED PACKET CORE

Evolved Packet Core an IP-Based core network system an always-on connection

Components of EPC: MME (Mobile Management Entity) S-GW (Serving Gateway) P-GW (Packet Data Network – PDN Gateway) HSS (Home Subscriber Server) PCRF (Policy Control & Charging Rule

Function)

LTE ARCHITECTUREEVOLVED PACKET CORE

Mobile Management Entity (MME) responsible for Establishment & Releasing of

connection between the user and packet core network

handles Mobility management like location registration, authentication, handover with HSS.

Serving Gateway (S-GW) acts as Router, forward & receive data

between Wireless Base Station eNodeb or 3GPP access networks such as 2G / 3G & the PDN Gateways

for roaming, the S-GW & P-GW provides boundaries between operators

LTE ARCHITECTUREEVOLVED PACKET CORE

Packet Data Network – PDN Gateway (P-GW)

communicates with outside world using SGi interface.

Each PDN is identified by an Access Point Name (APN).

functions include IP Address Assignment to Terminals,

User Authentication, QoS (Quality of Service) Control,

Charging Data (as per PCRF),

capable of Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) - Involves

either to Pass or Drop the User Data Packet.

LTE ARCHITECTUREEVOLVED PACKET CORE

Home Subscriber Server (HSS) Its like HLR (Home Location Register), Its a

Central Database, contains all information about all network operator's subscriber.

Policy Control & Charging Rule Function (PCRF)

responsible for Policy Control Decision Making.

function as to either accept or reject data packets

check the charging method from users & instruct

S/P-GW & Access Network to work accordingly.

LTE ARCHITECTUREUSER EQUIPMENT

User Equipment (UE) Its the same as the mobile equipment used in UMTS & GSM Network.

It contains following modules:  Mobile Equipment (ME) - handles all Communication

functions.  Terminal Equipment (TE) - terminates the Data

Stream. Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC) - Also known

as SIM Card, which stores user specific data, like home network identity, security keys, user's phone number.

LTE ARCHITECTUREEVOLVED UMTS TERRESTRIAL RADIO ACCESS NETWORK.

E-UTRAN (the Access Network)  handles all the Radio Communications

between Mobile & EPC. provides Higher Data Rates, Lower Latency &

Specifically designed for Packet Data.

It has just one component Evolved Base Stationcalled eNodeB or eNB, which interfaces with UE.Each eNB is a Base Station that controls mobiles

inone or more cells.  

LTE ARCHITECTURE

MAJOR LTE RADIO TECHNOLOGIES

Uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

(OFDM) for downlink

Uses Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple

Access (SC-FDMA) for uplink

Uses Multi-input Multi-output(MIMO) for

enhanced throughput

Reduced power consumption

Higher RF power amplifier efficiency (less

battery power used by handsets)

ANTENNA TECHNIQUES

LTE VS UMTS Functional changes compared to the current UMTS

architecture