DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

GANDHI ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BHUBANESWAR

Submitted By:

MEMBERS NAME :-

RAMSHANKAR SINGH ASHISH KUMAR

DIWAKAR SHARMA SWAPNIL SOURAV

SUBODH THAKUR PREMPRAKASH MUNDU

BIPIN KUMAR CHAURASIA PRAKASH ANAND

PAPPU KUMAR MEHTA ANIKET DAS

Guided By-

Asst. Prof. SUBHASISH DAS

CONTENTSABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

WORKING PRINCIPLE

COMPONENTS

SPECIFICATION OF COMPONENTS

COST SHEET

RESULT

ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGES

APPILICATION

CONCLUSION.

REFERENCE

ABSTRACT Supply of continuous electricity is still not available in several areas of the

country and in the world where the refrigeration of Food and Medicines canbe preserved.

LPG comprises of 24.4% propane(C3H8)(R-290), 56.4% butane(C4H10)(R-600) and 17.2% isobutene which have very low boiling point(lower than 0 0C).

The LPG is cheaper and possesses an environmental friendly nature with noozone depletion potential (ODP).

The combustion products of LPG are CO2 and H2O. The evaporatortemperature reached -10 ºC.

From experiment the COP of a refrigerator is 2.25 .

INTRODUCTION In India, more than 80% of the domestic refrigerator utilize HFC 134a as

refrigerant, due to its excellent thermodynamic and thermo physical

properties.

But, HFC 134a has a high global warming potential (GWP) of 1300.

Hydrocarbon refrigerants; particularly LPG serves as the best contender to

replace HFC’s from domestic refrigerator as well as car air conditioners.

As we know According to second law of thermodynamics, Heat is virtually

being pumped from a lower temperature to a higher temperature by adding

some of external work.

NEED TO INVENTToday world is facing the major problems regarding energy

crisis.

Along with this we are facing major environmental trouble due

to increase in harmful gases which are evolved from nowhere

else but the combustion of these conventional energy sources.

Pollution is minimized by LPG .

And cost is minimized by LPG Refrigeration system.

WORKING LPG REFRIGERATOR

The basic idea behind LPG refrigeration is to use the

evaporation of a LPG to absorb heat.

LPG is stored in the LPG cylinder under high pressure When

the gas tank of regulators is opened then high pressure LPG

passes in gas pipe. This LPG is going by high pressure gas pipe

in capillary tube.

It works on the principle that during the extraction of heat the

LPG expanded there is a pressure drop and increase in volume

of LPG that results in the drop of temperature and a cooling

effect.

Components of lpg refrigeration system1.LPG Gas Cylinder:

From the LPG gas cylinder, LPG flows

through the pipe and reaches to the

capillary tube. LPG gas pressure is

approximate 12-18 bar.

2.Capillary Tube:

As the capillary tube, capillary tube

downs the pressure up to less than 1.4bar

its diameter 3mm.

3.Evaporator:

The evaporator is an

important part of the

refrigeration system,

which produces the

cooling effect in the

vapour form at

low pressure and

temperature.

4.Pressure gauges:

Many techniques have been

developed for the measurement

of pressure and vacuums. Instruments

used to measure pressure are called

pressure gauges or vacuum gauges.

These gauges are available

in 63mm, 100mm, and 150mm sizes .

5.High Pressure pipes

The range of high pressure pipes

covers most application where

there is a requirement to transfer

gas at high pressure. They

consist of a steel pipe with a

steel ball fitted to both ends.

All pipes are pressure tested to 100

MPa (200 psi) over recommended

working pressure

Specification of Component

Refrigeration Box: L-540, W-400, H-650, T-50

Evaporator Box: L-360, W-240, H-150

Capillary Tube: L-2700, D-0.31

Accumulator: D-25

Box Stand: L-920, W-400, H-530

Pressure Gauge: 0 to 250psi

To Be Continued…… Filter: D-44.5, H-60

Regulator: D-4

Discharge Pipe: L-2430, D-14.5

Suction Pipe: L-1820, D-14.5

( L-Length, W-Width, H-Height, t-Thickness,

D-Diameter )

* All dimension in mm.

OTHER PROPERTIESColorless.

Flammable.

Heavier than air.

Approximately half the weight of water.

Non toxic but can cause asphyxiation.

LPG expands upon release and 1 liters

of liquid will form approximately 250 liters of vapour

PROPERTIES OF LPG REFRIGERANT

Boiling point:

Combustion:

Vapour pressure

Ignition Temperature

Calorific value

Toxicity:

Boiling Point:

LPG’s boiling point ranges from -42 ºC to 0 ºC

depending on its mixture percentage of Butane and

Propane

Combustion:

The combustion of LPG produces carbon dioxide

(CO2) and water vapour but sufficient air must be

available.

Ignition temperature:

The temperature required to ignite LPG in air is

around 500ºC.

Vapor pressure:

LPG is a stored as a liquid under pressure. It is almost

colorless and its weight is approximately half that of an

equivalent volume of water. The pressure inside a closed

container in which LPG is stored is equal to the

vapor pressure of the liquid and corresponds to its

temperature.

Calorific value

The calorific value of LPG is about 2.5 times higher than

that of main gas so more heat is produced from the same

volume of gas.

Toxicity:LPG is a colorless, odorless and nontoxic gas. It is supplied

commercially with an added odorant to assist detection .

Safety:LPG is just as safe as any other fuel. In fact, it is safer than most

fuels because neither LPG itself nor the end products that are

produced by burning LPG in a suitable appliance are poisonous to

inhale.

COST SHEETNO. COMPONENT PRICE

1 REFRIGERATOR BOX 3000

2 EVAPORATER BOX 2500

3 GAS PIPE 400

4 CAPILLARY TUBE 270

5 ACCUMULATOR 350

6 BURNNER 1000

7 BASE STAND 2000

8 INSULATOR THERMOCOL 800

9 RUBBER GASKET MAGNET 400

10 HANDLE CLAMP 160

11 DOOR HINGES (LOWER &UPPER) 100

12 BRAZING MATERIAL 150

13 SUCTION PIPE 600

14 C U ‘T’ CONNECTOR 200

To Be Continued……NO. COMPONENTS PRICE

15 BRASS NUT 200

16 FILTER 600

17 HAND SUT VALVE 450

18 PRESSURE GAUGE 700

19 STRAIGHT CONNECTOR 80

20 BASE PLATE 200

21 TEMP.SENSOR 200

22 SELF 10

23 SCREW, NUT,BOLT 50

24 BRAZING GAS CYLINDER 150

25 HIGH PRESSURE VALVE 350

26 PIPE CLAMP 60

27 GAS COST 800

ADVANTAGE

It eliminates the blocking problem.

It is efficient to save fuel.

Low Weight.

The fridge works when electricity off. It is

efficient to save fuel.

No Pollution.

Running cost is zero.

Eliminates the compressor and condenser.

Noiseless

DISADVANTAGES

LPG is explosive in nature.

Do not maintain constant pressure in LPG cylinder.

Put the LPG cylinder is inverted position.

After the refrigeration processes, the exhaust of LPG is

burn into burner. Because of the exhausted vapour LPG

can not converted again liquid phase , because the this

process is very costly.

The prevention of leakage of the LPG is the major

problem in LPG refrigeration system. Because of the LPG

is highly flammable.

APPILICATION Food processing, preservation and distribution

1. Storage

2. Fish

3. Meat and Poultry

4. Dairy Products

(a). Ice cream

(b). Butter

(c). Cheese

(d). Butter milk

5. Beverage

6. Candy

7. Medical

CONCLUSION

The aim of the LPG refrigerator was to use LPG as a refrigerant and utilizing the energy of the high pressure LPG cylinder for producing the refrigerating effect. We also conclude that, we are trying to burn the exhaust LPG, the pressure of exhaust gas is less than 10 PSI, so that the flame produce by the burner is spreading outside.

This system most suitable for hotel, industries, refinery, chemical industries where consumption of LPG is very high. We are continuing this project with some fabrication work and we have collected various equipment’s which is required for this project like high pressure pipes, regulator valve, and capillary tube.

We are going to analyse the experimental details of LPG refrigerator, in the major project.

Results: The final temperature achieved is about 7.4 degree c.

The average mass flow rate is determined to be

0.000056kg/sec.

The cop is obtained to be 2.25.

REFERENCEwww.google.co.in

www.contest.techbriefs.com/2013/sustainable-technologies/3792

www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/s1359431105004163

www.researchgate.net/publication/222674150_experimental_evalution_of_a_demostic_refrigerator_working_with_LPG

www.projecttopics.info/Mechanical/LPG-Refrigerato.php

C.P. ARORA, “Hand book of Refrigeration and air conditioning”, by page no. 425

“PCRA energy audit report”, HPCL LPG bottling plant Asauda Bahadurgarh (Haryana) Dec. 2006.

THANK YOU…..