Navigation System For Blind People Using GSM,GPS Techniques

By, Aravind M.K Prajwal V Prasanna kumara G Prateek Anand

Introduction

The system facilitates blind people to navigate independently without any external help.

The system is linked with a GSM-GPS module to pin-point the location of the blind person and to establish a two way communication path in a wireless fashion.

The system is equipped with obstacle sensors such as ultrasonic and IR sensor to alert the blind person .

Temperature sensor is used to monitor the body temperature of blind person and alert via gsm module.

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

HARDWARE COMPONENTS:

PIC16F877A Microcontroller. Ultrasonic sensor - Around 50cm ranged obstacle

detection. IR sensor - around 5cm ranged obstacle detection. MEMS device – accidental shock indication. Temperature sensor (LM35) – Body Temperature

detection . Color sensor (TCS3200) GPS Module GSM module(GSM 900) Buzzer

PIC16F877A Microcontroller :

• 40 pin IC

• 8 bit based on Harvard architecture.

• 35 simple word instructions .

• voltage range - 2.0-5.56 volts high sink or source capable of addressing 8K*14 bit program memory space.

ULTRASONIC SENSOR:

• Detects obstacle around 50cm range.

• operates between 25 kHz and 500 kHz.

• 5v operating voltage.

IR Sensors

• Used in module to detect obstacle in 5cm range.• An infrared sensor is an electronic device that emits

and/or detects infrared radiation in order to sense some aspect of its surroundings.

COLOUR SENSOR (TCS3200 ):

• A complete color detector, including a TAOS TCS3200 RGB sensor chip and 4 white LEDs. The TCS3200 can detect and measure a nearly limitless range of visible colors.

• TCS3200 has an array of photodetectors, each with either a red, green, or blue filter, or no filter (clear).

• which produces a square-wave output whose frequency is proportional to the intensity of the chosen color.

TEMPERATURE SENSOR (LM35) :

• Calibrated directly in Celsius

• 0.5 degree Celsius accuracy .

• Rated for full -55*C to 150*C.

• Operates from 4V to 30V.

• Low impedance output ,0.1Ω for 1 mA Load.

MEMS Sensor

• Detects the accidental shocks.

• contains micro-circuitry on a tiny silicon chip into which some mechanical device such as a mirror or a sensor has been manufactured.

GSM SIM900

• Delivers GSM/GPRS 850/900/1800/1900MHz performance for voice, SMS, & Data.

• Quad - band GSM/GPRS module with a size of 24mmx24mmx3mm.

• Dimensions: 24* 24 * 3 mm.• Control via AT commands (GSM 07.07 ,07.05 and SIMCOM

enhanced AT Commands).• Supply voltage range 3.4 ... 4.5 V.

GPS module Skynav SKM58

• Accuracy - 3.0m• Center frequency - 1575 ± 3 Mhz• Bandwidth - 10MHz min• Polarization – RHCP• Operational Limits Altitude – max 18,000m. velocity- max 515m/s.• VCC - 3.0-4.2 V.

SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE:

SIMULATION

Project simulation is done using software LXK Proteus 7.6 SP0 v2.0.1

ADVANTAGES, LIMITATIONS

ADVANTAGES • The system enables the blind people to move with the same ease and

confidence as sighted people.• Since the system is linked with the GSM and GPS module it provides the

direction information.• Avoid the obstacle based on ultrasonic sensor• Facilitates the easier communication in case of emergency. LIMITATION • It is bulky to carry.• MEMS device being very sensitive it may send faulty message during

accidental cases .• Requirement of power source.