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Tabish Chauhan

Photonic Materials

"Photonics" comes from "photon" which is the smallest unit of light just as an electron is the smallest unit of electricity. "Photonics is the generation, process and manipulation of photon to achieve a certain function

Photonics

The term photonics thereby emphasizes that photons are neither particles nor waves — they have both particle and wave nature.

Photonics

Photon originates from the greek language, phōt = light

• Lasers• Lenses• Mirrors• Optics• Fibers

Photonics involves the creation, use, and modification of light.

The word 'photonics' is derived from the Greek word "photos" meaning light; it appeared in the late 1960s to describe a research field whose goal was to use light to perform functions.

History

Photonics as a field began with the invention of the laser in 1960.

The term "laser" originated as an acronym for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation”.

Laser

Charles Townes Arthur Schawlow Gordon Gould Theodore Maiman

Uninhibited light travels thousands of times faster than electrons in computer chips. Optical computers will compute thousand of times faster than any electronic computer can ever achieve due to the physical limitation differences between light and electricity.

Can packed more wavelengths (that is information channels) into a optical fibre so that the transmission bandwidth is increased than conventional copper wires.

Light encounters no electromagnetic interference than that of electron in copper wires.

Why do we need photonics instead of Electronics?

Applications of photonics are ubiquitous. Included are all areas from everyday life to the most advanced science.

e.g: telecommunications,, lighting, metrology, , holography, medicine, military technology, Welding and cutting,Barcode scanner,biophotonics, agriculture, and robotics.

Applications

LED’sIn the simplest terms, a light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits light when an electric current is passed through it.

In 1907, British experimenter in Marconi labs Henry Joseph Round noticed for the first time that when a potential of 10volts is applied to carborundum (silicon carbide) crystal, it emits yellowish light.In 1961, Gary Pittman and Bob Biard from Texas Instruments found that that gallium-arsenide diode emits infrared light every time it is connected to current.

History

red and infrared Indium gallium nitride (InGaN): blue, green and ultraviolet high-brightness LEDs

Aluminum gallium indium phosphide (AlGaInP): yellow, orange and red high-brightness LEDs

Gallium phosphide (GaP): yellow and green LEDs

Main LED’s materials

Applications

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