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Christina Van Winkle ENV/CBW OECD Workshop on Biodiversity and Development February 18, 2015 Mainstreaming Biodiversity at the Sector Level: An overview

2.1 christina van winkle mainstreaming overview

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Christina Van Winkle ENV/CBW OECD Workshop on Biodiversity and Development February 18, 2015

Mainstreaming Biodiversity at the Sector Level: An overview

• Direct links between human welfare and biodiversity

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The need for mainstreaming

Biodiversity & Ecosystem

Services

Development & Poverty Reduction

- >1 bill people rely on seafood as primary source of protein (supports >0.5 bill livelihoods)

- 1.6 bill people rely on forests for livelihoods

- 2.5 billion people involved in smallholder agriculture

- Climate change risks

• Protected areas cover 15% of the earth’s land area (3% of oceans)

• Prevent the negative external impacts of production sectors on biodiversity & ecosystem services

• Promote activities beneficial to biodiversity

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Mainstreaming at the sector level

Fisheries Agriculture Forestry

Encourage adoption of reduced-bycatch fishing gear

Minimise use of fertilisers and pesticides

Establish forest management plans

Protect spawning sites Crop rotation and diversification

Protect wildlife migration corridors

Set catch limits Low-intensity pasture management systems

Secure land tenure rights of local people

Set area/time closures Conserve high value wildlife habitats

Selective logging

Clear understanding of the relationship of sector productivity to biodiversity and links to human well-being

Clear objectives (must consider trade-offs and enhance synergies)

Identification of and engagement with stakeholders (public and private)

Clear communication to government and public between mainstreaming activity and impacts on human welfare

Good governance and strong institutions

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Ingredients for Mainstreaming

• Complex and multidimensional nature of biodiversity and development links

• Timescale of costs and benefits

• Lack of economic valuation of biodiversity and ecosystem services

• Lack of capacity and data

• Insufficient evidence of success stories

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Barriers to Effective Mainstreaming

• National Ecosystem Assessments and valuation

• Ecosystem accounting

• Budget assessment

• SEA/EIA

• Targeted Scenario Analysis

• Biodiversity indicators

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Tools for mainstreaming at sector level

• Prioritise entry points: Most obvious links? Greatest potential? Champions?

• Timing is crucial: Planned revisions? Change of government or policy? Setting budgets? After a crisis?

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Entry points

Sectoral strategies, action plans and programmes

Industry standards

Sector guidelines and good practices

Certification schemes