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Outline/Agenda1. Earthquake – Facts and Figures we should know about the hazard2. Earthquake in Bangladesh – is it a real threat?3. Structural and Non-Structural Elements of buildings – what can
happen during an earthquake?4. Earthquake Preparedness for Business / Organization - Saving
Life, Saving Assets, Continuing Business - what to do before, during and after and earthquake
5. Components of Earthquake Management Plan for an organization6. Integration of Earthquake Management Plan with Safety,
Emergency and Training Plan
Earthquake1. Facts and figures we should know about the hazard
What is Earthquake• An earthquake is the noticeable shaking of the surface of the Earth. • They result from sudden release of energy in Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. • The severity of the shaking can
range from barely felt to violent enough to toss people around. • Earthquakes have destroyed
whole cities.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake
Earthquake
Real video during earthquake• Nepal Earthquakehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kANU5iNeBBM
• Earthquake in Nepal 2015, CCTV footage
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=heSOBf-sOm8
• Nepal Earthquake - The worst moments CCTV recorder 25/4/2015
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cuPzTyFxUpc
Reality
Facts & Figures we should know about Earthquake • Earthquake is a natural phenomena• Could be explained by Plate-Tectonic Theory• Real-time Earthquake Monitor
http://ds.iris.edu/seismon/
Facts
The tectonic plates of the world
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plate_tectonics#/media/File:Plates_tect2_en.svg
Global earthquake epicenters, 1963–1998
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake#/media/File:Quake_epicenters_1963-98.png
Global plate tectonic movement
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake#/media/File:Global_plate_motion_2008-04-17.jpg
Earthquake Terms• Epicenter• The place on the earth’s surface directly
above the point on the fault where the earthquake ruptures began.
• Seismic Waves• Vibrations that travel outward from the
earthquake fault at speeds of several miles per second. It causes most of the destruction during earthquakes.
Terms
Earthquake Terms cont…•Magnitude• The amount of energy released during
an earthquake, which is computed from the amplitude of the seismic waves. • A magnitude of 7.0 on the Richter Scale
indicates an extremely strong earthquake. • Each whole number on the scale
represents an increase of about 32 times more energy released than the previous whole number represents.
Terms
Earthquake Terms cont…• Foreshock• A foreshock is an earthquake that is
smaller than a main shock, precedes it, and is causally related to it.
• Aftershock• An earthquake of similar or lesser
intensity that follows the main earthquake.
Terms
Earthquake in Bangladesh2. Is it a real threat?
Earthquake in Bangladesh - Facts• Don’t be panicked but Earthquake
potential in Bangladesh is real!• Documented historical data suggests
that there were several significant earthquake in the region Banglades
h
1885 - Bengal Earthquake 7.0 1889 - Jaintia Hills 7.51897 - Great India Earthquake 8.71918 - Srimangal Earthquake 7.6 1930 - Dhubri Earthquake 7.11934 - Bihar-Nepal Earthquake 7.1
http://www.banglapedia.org/HT/E_0002.htm
Map Source: Banglapedia
Source: Prothom Alo, 12 May 2015
Source: Prothom Alo, 12 May 2015
Earthquake Consequences3. Structural and Non-Structural Elements of Building - what can happen during an earthquake?
Earthquake in Developing World• An earthquake in the developing
world vs. the UShttps://youtu.be/MDHFJG1no6I Poor
Countries
Rana Plaza collapse (2013) – an example of how earthquake can impact
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_Savar_building_collapse
http://www.chevroncontractorsafety.com/contractormcbu/documents/hazid_tally_card_b_eng.pdf
Hazard WheelUse the wheel to identify hazards in your business / organization premises.
Office Environment• Multi-storied building• Some of them are old – most likely
not built considering earthquake hazard potential• New buildings could also be exposed
to earthquake – if it is not designed or constructed using building code
Office
Factory• Many cases multi-storied building• Huge number of people – remember
Rana Plaza• Have gas connection, power lines,
utilities• Overhead hazards – such as false
ceiling, light fixtures, etc.
Factory
Warehouse• Tall racks of stored equipment and
supplies• Storage of chemicals or other
potentially hazardous material Warehouse
Structural Elements• Buildings – the key concerns
Structure
Non-Structural Elements• Rooftop water tanks• Gas lines• Power lines• Utility connections• Tall furniture
Other Element
s
Impacts to Personnel• If inside building• If outside building• If on road Peopl
e
Impacts to Asset and Business Continuity• What if one or more buildings
collapse• What if operation could not be
resumed for certain time
Asset
Earthquake Preparedness4. Earthquake Preparedness for Business / Organization - Saving Life, Saving Assets, Continuing Business - what to do before, during and after and earthquake
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noisecontrol/
Making building quake-proof• Why do buildings fall in earthquakes?http://ed.ted.com/lessons/why-do-buildings-fall-in-earthquakes-vicki-v-may
• How to make a building quake-proofhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sxpi9A7_syE
• More videoshttp://www.iris.edu/hq/programs/education_and_outreach/videos#M
Earthquake
Resilient Building
Before Earthquake• Be prepared!• Assess and fix structural and non-
structural elements of your buildings• Make awareness among your
workforces• Provide appropriate training and
resources to Emergency Management Personnel, and perform regular drills• Consider insurance for your
property and people
Before
Make buildings safer • Make your buildings safer to be in
during earthquakes and more resistant to earthquake damage and disruption. • Depending on when and how they
were designed, built, and furnished, existing buildings may have weaknesses that make them more vulnerable to earthquakes.
Before
Make buildings safer cont…• Check with your local building-regulatory agency to
find out whether, and for how long, structures in your area have been subject to building codes containing seismic design provisions. • Facilities constructed before adequate provisions came
into effect may have structural vulnerabilities.
Make facility safer cont…• Integrate gas, power and other utility lines with
emergency management procedure – consider installing auto-shutdown mechanism for gas, power and utility lines in response to earthquake• Make arrangement for evacuation of buildings• Create mechanism for head count
What to Do During an Earthquake • Stay as safe as possible during an
earthquake. • Be aware that some earthquakes are
actually foreshocks and a larger earthquake might occur. • Minimize your movements to a few
steps to a nearby safe place and stay indoors until the shaking has stopped and you are sure exiting is safe
During
Earthquake Training Video• Drop, Cover & Hold• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G57gCZGEPK0
Video
What to Do During an Earthquake - If Indoors• DROP to the ground; take COVER by getting under a
sturdy table or other piece of furniture; and HOLD ON on until the shaking stops. If there isn’t a table or desk near you, cover your face and head with your arms and crouch in an inside corner of the building.• Stay away from glass, windows, outside doors and
walls, and anything that could fall, such as lighting fixtures or furniture.
What to Do During an Earthquake - If Indoors cont…• Use a doorway for shelter only if it is in close proximity to
you and if you know it is a strongly supported, load-bearing doorway.• Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside. • Research has shown that most injuries occur when people
inside buildings attempt to move to a different location inside the building or try to leave.• Be aware that the electricity may go out or the sprinkler
systems or fire alarms may turn on.• DO NOT use the elevators.
What to Do During an Earthquake - If Outdoors• Stay there.• Move away from buildings, streetlights, and utility wires.• Once in the open, stay there until the shaking stops. • The greatest danger exists directly outside buildings, at exits, and
alongside exterior walls. • Many of the 120 fatalities from the 1933 Long Beach earthquake
occurred when people ran outside of buildings only to be killed by falling debris from collapsing walls. • Ground movement during an earthquake is seldom the direct
cause of death or injury. Most earthquake-related casualties result from collapsing walls, flying glass, and falling objects.
What to Do During an Earthquake – If in a moving vehicle• Stop as quickly as safety permits and stay in the
vehicle. Avoid stopping near or under buildings, trees, overpasses, and utility wires.• Proceed cautiously once the earthquake has stopped.
Avoid roads, bridges, or ramps that might have been damaged by the earthquake.
What to Do During an Earthquake – If trapped under debris• Do not light a match.• Do not move about or kick up dust.• Cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing.• Tap on a pipe or wall so rescuers can locate you. Use a
whistle if one is available. • Shout only as a last resort. Shouting can cause you to
inhale dangerous amounts of dust.
After Earthquake• Account for personnel• Assess damages to gas and power line• Search and rescue
After
Earthquake Management Plan
5. Components of Earthquake Management Plan for an organization
Key Components of Earthquake Management Plan• Designated emergency
assembly area / muster point• Identified evacuation route• Head-count / roll call
procedure• First Aid• Search and Rescue• Fire response• Damage assessment
• Emergency Management Organization• Earthquake-related
Hazard Hunt• Earthquake Training /
Orientation• Earthquake Drills• Emergency Supplies /
Earthquake Pack
Designated emergency assembly area / muster point• Safe emergency assembly point has
to be designated and marked.• Everyone should be familiar with the
muster point location.• It should be out in the open away
from buildings or power lines.• There might be multiple muster
points• Muster point could be established for
earthquake, fire, or any other emergencies.
Muster Point
Identified evacuation route• Emergency evacuation route has to
be clearly marked throughout the workplace• Illuminating signs has to be installed
for indoor and considering night-time situation
Evacuation Route
Head-count / roll call procedure• Set-up a register to count all
employees and visitor• Maintain a register• Bring the register to the muster point
during emergencies• Floor wardens should help to identify
any missing personnelRoll Call
First Aid• Assign and train teams of employees
to handle basic first aid• Take care of yourself first First
Aid
Search and Rescue• Form and train a group of employees
for search and rescue operation Look for
injured
Damage assessment• Prior to re-entering facilities,
appropriate damage assessment has to be done.• Form and train a group of employees
for this purpose Damage
Emergency Management Organization• Organogram to designate who to do
what during emergencies• Size of the emergency management
organization depends of the organization’s size and operational complexities• Basic organization should cover the
following roles• On-scene Incident Commander (OIC)• Muster point-manager• Floor warden
EMO
Earthquake-related Hazard Hunt• Tall Shelves• Bookshelves• Tall, Heavy Lamps• Hanging Plants• Heavy Objects on Walls• Windows, Air Conditioners /
PA Systems• Light Fixtures• Desks by Windows, etc.• Heavy Pictures
• Gas Stoves• Unsecured TV,
typewriters, computers. • File cabinets • Ceiling Partion• Signs• Fans• Water Tanks • Satellite dish
Earthquake Training / Orientation• Workforce• Floor Warden• Search and Rescue• Visitor Trainin
g
Earthquake Drill1. Alarm2. Response3. Evacuation4. Assembly5. Roll Call6. Evaluation
Practice
Earthquake Drill - Alarm• A bell or buzzer could be used.• Everyone should know the pre-arranged signal.
Earthquake Drill - Response• Everyone heads for cover• Persons get under a heavy desk, table, chair, bed or
under a door jamb. • Persons should be away from windows, glass or light
fixtures. • If there is not cover available, persons should crouch
and try to protect their head.
Earthquake Drill - Evacuation• After remaining in your respective safe-place until the
shaking has stopped, persons should then evacuate the building. • The evacuation proceeds through pre-determined safe
routes and evacuees gather outside in a safe area away from buildings, fences, walls, electricity poles, bridges and trees.
Earthquake Drill - Assembly• At the assembly point, the evacuees are grouped in
order of departments or floors – whichever is more convenient to facilitate the next step, which is roll call.
Earthquake Drill - Roll Call• During the roll call, teachers, floor wardens, or others
designated before-hand determine if everyone is present. • In the event of a real earthquake, a search and rescue
team would have to be dispatched to look for those missing.
Earthquake Drill - Evaluation• After the roll call, there should be an evaluation where
the institution identifies snags in the drill, problem areas, or potential problem areas.• Remember that only by practicing will occupants of a
building be reasonably sure that in the event of a serious earthquake they will be able to respond appropriately.
Emergency Supplies / Earthquake Pack• Dry food• Torch light• First aid kit• Radio• Whistle
Safety, Emergency & Training Plan
6. Integration of Earthquake Management Plan with Safety, Emergency and Training Plan
Safety Plan• Process Safety• Buildings• Machineries• Electricity• Gas and Utility Pipelines
• Personal Safety• Safety Orientation• Emergency Drill• Search and Rescue
Safety Plan
Emergency Management Plan• Evacuation• Mastering• Head Count• Incident Command Centre• Support Organizations (Fire Civil
Defence, Clinics, etc.)• Communication – Internal and external• Logistics• Media
EM Plan
Training Plan• Employee Safety Orientation/Training• Visitor’s Safety Orientation• Emergency Response Team Training
and Drill• Search and Rescue Team Training
and DrillTraining Plan
Source: Prothom Alo, 12 May 2015
Source: Prothom Alo, 12 May 2015
Key TakeawaysWhat you should remember after the workshop
Key takeaways• It is possible to minimize impact of
earthquake with better preparation• Prepare a fit-for purpose Earthquake
Preparedness Plan for your organization• Revisit your workplace, find and secure structurally week buildings, gas, power and utility lines, tall furniture, and overhead fixtures.
Takeaway
Key takeaways• Provide adequate training and
orientation to your workforce and conduct periodic earthquake drill.• Follow similar techniques for your
home as well.• Address obvious issues at home
Takeaway
Additional Resources• Zafar Iqbal’s Column on Earthquake (in Bangla)http://opinion.bdnews24.com/bangla/archives/27340
