BOC Hymera

Hydrogen fuel cell applications

Mark GriffinBusiness Development manager - Hymera

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Increasing efficiency of application technology is creating an large and unmet demand for off-grid power at small-scale

•LED Lighting •Intelligent load management

•Small-scale computing power •Electronic Displays

— 20 fold efficiency improvement in near-term

— Galaxy S4 as powerful as 2009 high end laptop @ fraction of power*

— New technologies easier to control (eg LED lighting and displays)

— Efficient LED TVs — Arrival of low

power OLEDs— Passive e-displays

•Wireless technology •Solid State Drives (SSDs)— Rapid growth in

wireless capability— Increasing device

connectivity

— lower quiescent power

— Reduced size

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Technical limitations of current distributed power generation is stifling growth in applications.

• Technology •Requirement for 50W continuous load?

• ICE generators— Highly inefficient (<1%)

at lower powers — High service costs— Noisy and polluting

• Batteries— Lead-acid : lower cost

but too heavy— Lithium Ion: lighter but

very high capital cost

• Solar PV— large area required— not practical in

northern winters— do not work in shade

— Lead acid : 1 visit per week / 24 hour charge time / 250kg battery pack / ~£1500 pack cost

— Lithium ion : 1 visit per week / 12 hour charge time / 125kg battery pack / ~£10,000 pack cost

— ~750 liters of diesel per month— frequent service visits— noise, air and ground pollution

— 20 m2 of PV array only gives 90% availability— Requires very large energy store battery — Even if footprint available, shading can

further reduce efficiency

NO PRACTICAL SOLUTION BETWEEN 5W and 250W CONTINUOUS•3

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ICE gensets are extremely inefficient at low output powers•Very mature, low cost technology but

with some fundamental limitations– Inefficient, particularly at lower powers– Small petrol genset will be less than 5%

efficient at 100W and about 2% efficient at 50W– Noisy & polluting– Smaller units have very short service life

• Hymera efficiency ranges from 30% to 50%

Briggs & Stratton BSQ1000 petrol genset: fuel consumption and efficiency

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

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0 200 400 600 800

electrical load (W)

petr

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onsu

mpt

ion

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0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

fuel

effi

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petrol consumption (litres / hour) fuel efficiency

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At low power H2 based generation can compete directly with diesel on fuel cost alone

Power (W)

5 50 500

£/kWh Fuel cost per kWh based on cylinder H2

Fuel cost per kWh based on diesel

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Fuel cells

• An electro-chemical device that converts a ‘replenishable fuel’ into electrical power without the presence of high temperature combustion

• A battery where the electrodes and reactants are separated and can be recharged by adding more reactant rather than ‘recharging’

• advantages..– Efficient – especially with H2

– Silent– Reliable (long service life and

long service interval)– Scaleable (mW to MWatts)

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BOC HYMERA provides clean, quiet and low cost power to a wide range of market sectors and applications

Data & Communicationsmaximum autonomy with minimum

intervention

Emergency Services & Militaryportability with long mission length

Consumersmall, quiet, portable and use anywhere

Industrialclean, quiet, low-cost

Sector

mobile generators, outdoor lighting, traffic control, outdoor

broadcast/film, off-grid accommodation

Segments

backup power , off-grid power for wireless comms, security

cameras and systems, process monitoring and control

Emergency vehicle APU, battery charging, soldier power, disaster

relief

RV power, yachts and small boats, car camping, in house

emergency power

Combined with small PEM fuel cell, the H2 GENIE is a highly convenient and cost effective method of delivering electrical energy for low power loads

Linde hydrogen GENIE cylinderBOC name 54-G20

product high purity hydrogen (99.995%)

contents (g) 424 @ 300 barg

TARE weight (kg) 22.4

fill pressure (barg) 300

max height (mm) 660

max diameter (mm) 325

handle diameter (top) 270

handle diameter (bottom) 294

base width (mm) 305

kWh electrical (assuming 50% efficient fuel cell)

7kWh @ 300 barg*5kWh @ 200 barg

4.5kWh @ 175 barg

A * 7kWh of lead-acid battery bank would have a mass of approx 250kg

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Linde developed HYMERA II and launched in UK in September 2014

Key improvements / developments

— Variable output voltage (single unit serves multiple markets)

— Remotely configurable/operable (essential requirement of stand-alone off-grid market)

— Rugged metal case

— Extended lifetime guarantee

— Extended operating temperature rang

— DC only (110Vac / 230Vac versions not required)

— Single side air inlet / outlet (simplifying OEM integration)

— Significantly lower operating costs compared to Hymera 1 (50%)

OVERVIEW OF KEY NEW FEATURES IN HYMERA II

Hymera II

TCP Ecolite – H2

1111

Data and Communications Power for rapid deployable security cameras

— A number of customers deploy high spec security system with night time vision, lights and loudspeaker to replace security guard.

— used to use conventional diesel generators to power very high spec 50W security camera

— Main cost is diesel generator (> £1000 per month) but still much lower cost than conventional security guard (fast growing market)

— Benefits of using HYMERA and Hydrogen are:—Clean and silent operation—Longer Runtimes/Less interaction—Lower cost than diesel

Welfare cabins and temporary offices

— Possible to use modern technology to bring base electrical load to well below 100W, even for sizeable welfare cabin

— Move heating load to ‘Webasto’ type heaters

— LED lights & PIRs

— Efficient water heaters

— Power large welfare cabin with 2-3 x K cylinders per week + diesel (in winter)

— Massive potential reductions in diesel fuel consumption can compensate for mixed fuel (H2 + diesel)

— offers very significant cost savings, in fuel and servicing, over

conventional diesel generators

— PV alone not viable due to low sun levels in December & January (50W load would require 15m2 of PV to get

through winter)

— Conventional cylinders viable in some locations

— Applications: Cameras, temporary accommodation, remote monitoring

and control, lighting, etc

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Hymera combined with Solar PV can offer viable ‘year-round’ power supply to wide range of applications

BOC & ICEE JOINT DEVELOPMENT OF HYBRID PV & FUEL CELL OFF-GRID POWER SUPPLY

Thank You

•If you have any questions regarding the presentation or would like to discuss any potential applications, please feel free to contact me on

•Mark.griffin@boc.com•Or•Mob: 07585966921

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