ThefirstPassivhaus ArchiveintheUKHARCHerefordPresentedat:The20th InternationalPassivhaus ConferenceDarmstadtAECBAnnualConferenceNorwichJuly2016

NickGrantAlanClarkeElementalSolutions

@ecominimalnick@AR_Clarke

Architect: Architype Ltd, Contractor: Kier Construction, M&E Consultants: E3, Cost Consultants: Arcadis, Energy & Environment: Alan Clarke and Nick Grant, Structural Engineers: Eastwood and Partners, Certifier: WARM, Client: Herefordshire Council.

ImageNickGrant

Da

tum

40

.00

50.9750.

97

d ashe d line ind icatesp ossibil e e xten sion tor epository

EPDM Single ply roof

Single ply roof

Ground Floor Signed Fire Exit

Clear footpath from building to muster point- minimum 1800mm from building& 1050mm wide

M M

M Fire assembly point

Fire engine access & turning zone

Fire management plan to include provisionfor egress through secure gates

Disaster recovery acces(all floors)

4500

0

45000

45000

45000

Drawn by

Scale

Dwg no.

Dwg Title

Client

Project

Revision

Checked by

Date@ A1

Check this drawing is the latest revision.Do not scale from this drawing.Do not use the information on this drawing without checking all dimensions onsite.Do not use any areas indicated for either valuation, puchase, sale or any otherform of legally binding contract.Do not reproduce any part of this drawing withour prior written consent.

Notes

4

1 : 200

Herefordshire Archive & Records Centre

Herefordshire Council

Site Fire Strategy Plan

GA020

02 Jul 12

MBTMc

6920

CONSTRUCTION

Revision Schedule

Rev Date Description Drawn Checked

1 28 Sep 12 Stage E issue NA MB

2 22 Apr 13 VE issue NA MB

3 09 Aug 13 Issued for Stage F RE MB

4 04 Mar 14 General amendments to bring in line with recommended VEproposal

LM MB

14 - 20 temp40-60 RH

18-25 temp

Manyconsiderations:SecurityFireLogisticsQuarantineDaylightPublic access,attractiveMultifunctionFutureexpansionetc etc etc ...

Photostore:12°C30%RH

IwilljustconsidertemperatureandRH!

Repository:13-20°C35-60%RH

ImageArchitype

Easilyisolatedzones

0 Ground Floor0

1 First Floor4590

1

2 Second Floor8330

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

3 Office roof8715

Parapet13445

Lower ExternalGround level

-170

Level 1110138

1DD235

Top of foundation-725

DPM Course

Airtightness course

4 Repository roof11870

1DD205

1DD204

1DD213

1DD050

1DD150

1DD051

1DD215

Drawn by

Scale

Dwg no.

Dwg Title

Client

Project

Revision

Checked by

Date@ A1

Check this drawing is the latest revision.Do not scale from this drawing.Do not use the information on this drawing without checking all dimensions onsite.Do not use any areas indicated for either valuation, puchase, sale or any otherform of legally binding contract.Do not reproduce any part of this drawing withour prior written consent.

Notes

1

1 : 50

Herefordshire Archive & Records Centre

Herefordshire Council

Airtightness Detail Section

DD021

01 Aug 2013

MBRE

6920

CONSTRUCTIONRevision Schedule

Rev Date Description Drawn Checked1 04 Mar 14 Construction Issue LM MB

14 - 20 temp40-60 RH

18-25 temprepositories service atrium offices

ImageArchitype

RecordsCentre,offices,conservationlabs,teachingetc

1130m2 1321m2

Keydesignstrategy:Officeisolatedfromrepository

20—22°Cthissideallyear

13-18°Cthissideisideal

ImageNickGrant

<0.04ach@100Pa withdoorssealed(Finaltest0.4achincludeddoorstooffice– airleakageroute)

Airtightdetailsdevelopedwithcontractor– theirfirstPassivhaus

ImageNickGrant

Costeffectiveconstruction– concreteblocksandplanks– noframeLarsentrussesandblowncellulose.

ArtsCouncilsuggest£3,500/m2

HARCwas£1,980/m2 (turnkey).

ImageNickGrant

ImageNickGrant

RecordsCentre- timberframe.Samedetailsasdevelopedfortheearlierschools.

(glassareaisforarchitecturenotPassivhaus)

ImageNickGrant

ImageNickGrant

Atriumexhibitionareabetweenrepositoriesandoffices

Repositoryenergybalance• Simplestform• LowIHGs0.6W/m2

• c.a.1airchange/day supplyairvent• NoHRV• Temp13-20°C• Nocooling (exceptphotostore)• InspiredbyTimPadfield &Danish

archives

www.conservationphysics.org

PHPP7

Moisturebalance - monthlymodelAnnualaveragehumidityisaboutright+/- dependingonEnglishweather.

Options:1. Closecontrolairconditioning2. Passivebuffering3. Controlventonphychrometrics4. Trimsupplyairhumidityin

summer(100m3/h,<10-15litresH2O/day

Buffering(roughly)

13

MaxventairH20imbalance:≈+/-10kg/day

EMC@40%RH≈6.5%EMC@60%RH≈8%=13%RH/%EMCchangec.a.150,000*kgofpaperetc.10kgH20x30days=0.2%changeinEMC=2.6%changeinRH

(*Halfofarchivist’sestimateandignoringbuildingfabricmoisturecapacity)

EMCofapapersamplefromrepositorymeasuredat6.9%@45%RH

Howlongtodry1,800tofconcrete??

September2014ImageNickGrant

AlanClarkeworkingtheantiquechemistrybalance

Homebrewtestkit

March2016

Theysaiditwouldn'twork:

Scepticalclientindesignmeeting:“TheTitanicwassaidtobeunsinkable”

AlanClarke’sreply:“Wearedesigningtheiceberg”

Compromise:anicebergwithaBMScontrolledheatingsystem...

TitanicVersusIceberg

ImageNickGrant

4sensors/store,alarms,duplexboilers,duplexpumpsetc...

Anairtightconcreteboxwrappedinoldnewspaper...

L

April May June

Troubleshooting1Unwantedhotwaterrunningthroughrepositorypipework.Lossesfrominsulatedpipewasenoughtoheatthebuilding!- Fix- valvesshutmanually

(Largefancoilstomeet1kWpeakheatload/floor!)

Troubleshooting2

Photostoredehumidifierinstalledbackwardssorunninginefficientlyandgeneratingunwantedheatintheservicecore.FixedinJune2015

Troubleshooting3

Faultysensorwiringmadetheheatingcomeonwhenalreadyaboveset-point.

Ayeartofixbutheatingisolatedsonotaproblemfornow.

Howfast/automaticdoesheatingresponseneedtobe?

JL

Valvestorepositoryshut,fansturnedoff

Smartbuilding Stupidbuilding

February2016(noheatingsinceJune)Didwereallyneedanemergencystandbyboiler??

Veryslightfluctuations inRHwithoutsideconditions.

March2016,ventreductionexperimentVentratereducedfrom250to100m3/hforwholerepository building anddehumidification switchedoffon4/3/16asanexperiment.RHcreptup+2%butevenmorestable.Inequilibriumwithwalls?Timewilltell!

Punch thankstoLloydAlter

VeryevenconditionsOriginalM&Econsultantsarguedforcirculatingfans,standardpracticetoavoid“coldspots“.

Wouldhaverequiredcoolingforthefangains.

Groundfloor 17.00°C 50%RHFirstfloor 17.86°C 46%RHTopfloor 17.87°C 49%RH

25

SupplyairDehumidification(ifneeded)

• VentilationisthemainsourceofH2O• Somakebuildingastightaspossible• Supplyc.a.1air-changeperday• Trimsupplyairwhenoutsideairhumidityis‘high’• Don’ttryandcontrolonroomRH.

WhatweimaginedDX coil for seasonal dehumidification – on/off control

Small fan 100 – 150m3/h1.2 air changes/day

(c.a. 30W)

Filter

Uninsulated duct

Uninsulated duct

WhatwegotNowweknowitworkswecanjustusethecoolingcoil.(butbecauseituseschilledwaterweneedtoprotectfromfrostsomehow)

Energy use – inc’ labs & offices

June2014– March2016- wholebuildingGas 11kWh/(m2.a) c.a.£1,000/aElectricity 34kWh/(m2.a) c.a.£11,000/aPE ≈100kWh/(m2.a)

Hopefullyelectricityusewilldecreaseasbuildingdriesoutandlightingandothercontrolsaresorted??

TFA:RecordsCentre 1321m2

Repository 1130m2

Total 2451m2

Lessons

Reducingventilation,heat,coolinganddehumidificationloadtoaverylowlevelallowsradicallysimplifiedcontrolstrategies– agentlenudge.

Supplyairdehumidification@about2airchanges/daysuccessfullystabilisedRHbeforethebuildingwasfullydry.

Simpleisreallyhardtogetbuilt!

PD5454range

OpenEnergyMonitor remoteaccessbyAlanClarke

Temperature°C

Outsideair

supplyairsettingschanged17/6/16>amonth later

Offe

redtochangesettings

PD5454range

OpenEnergyMonitor remoteaccessbyAlanClarke

Nexttime• NoBMS– savemoneyandimprovereliability• Simplerdehumidificationofairsupply• Nofrostcoil(uninsulatedducts,turnfanoffinextreme)• Applylessonslearnttothecooledphoto-store• Simplerheating– electricpanelheaters?

ImageNickGrant

Questions?