MADHUSHREE SHETTIGAR

12TH EROLL NO: 20

SEAT NO. M175954PRESENTATION TOPIC:

SAVE TIGER

INTRODUCTION• The Project tiger was launched in India in 1972 as

conservation programmed for saving the Indian Tiger Population.

• Some of the best examples of this programmed success can be seen in the national parks situated in the high Himalayan region, to the mangrove swamps of the Sundarbans and the thorny scrubs of Rajasthan.

• But more wildlife conservation laws and awareness among people is still required to make Indian sanctuaries a safe haven for tigers.Project Tiger Scheme

OBJECTIVES• The main objective of Project Tiger is to ensure a

viable population of tiger in India for scientific , economic , aesthetic , cultural and ecological values and to preserve for all time, areas of biological importance as a natural heritage for the benefit, education and enjoyment of the people.

• Main objectives under the scheme include wildlife management, protection measures and site specific eco development to reduce the dependency of local communities on tiger reserve resources.

HABITAT OF THE TIGERS• Tigers are wild animals and they have to stay in their

original habitat that are jungles, hills and many more natural and purely green places in open jungles, evergreen forests and mango grove swamps.

• The Indian tiger lives in open jungles, evergreen forests and mango grove swamps here they can have their own privacy.

• Many tigers are dead because of deforestation. Deforestation leads to make tigers homeless.

• Many tigers also enter villages and become man- eaters.

EVERYONE HAS A RIGHT TO LIVE

• Everyone has a right to live, now suppose any human is dead or murdered we do so many prayers and we have so many emotional feelings in our heart for that human.

• Like, the feelings which we have for the human why don’t we have the feelings for the tigers and other animals.

• If humans have some sympathy and respect for every being in this world we can make this world a better place to live.

SIZE, FEATURES AND EATING HABITS

• The females work hard to search for the prey the tiger family eats. The tigress searches for the prey and bring it home. The first bite is for the tiger.

• The regular diet of Indian/Bengal tiger consists mainly of deer, gaurs, antelopes and wild pigs. Sometimes it feeds itself on birds, lizards, turtles, fishes, crabs and frogs.

• 3 feet tall to the top of the shoulder, 7-10 feet long from the head to the rear end, with an additional 3 foot long tail.

• weight ranges from 175-650 pounds.

How Many Tigers Are Left In The World?

• There is about 3200; around 1411 Bengal tigers, about 450 Siberian and the same with Sumatran, Indo-Chinese is anywhere between 1100 and 1800, and the South China tiger is close to none, to be precise, less than 20.

How Many Tigers Left In India?

• Just 1411, according to the latest survey/census by the National Tiger Conservation Authority formed to implement the 'Project Tiger'.

Life Expectancy, Birth, Mating

• A typical tiger's life expectancy in the wild is 15-20 years; somewhat longer in captivity. The oldest tiger on record was 26 years.

• Although there is no set mating season for tigers, breeding often occurs in the spring. The male may stay with the female for 20-80 days during this period.

• Gestation period is typically about 15. The cubs nurse for about 2 months, learn to hunt after about 11 months, and spend the first two years of their lives with their mother, before going out on their own.

TIGER SUBSPECIES

BENGAL (SUBSPECIES TIGRIS)

• The Bengal tiger is the most populous type, with between 2500 and 4700 remaining in the wild.

• Most live in the mangrove forests of the Sundarbans in eastern India and Bangladesh . Some also live in the neighboring countries Bhutan, Myanmar, and Nepal .

• There are about 333 Bengal tigers in captivity. Males typically weigh around 500 pounds; the females about 300.

• All white tigers are male Bengals and have a double recessive gene that causes the coloration.

• Official status: ENDANGERED .

INDOCHINESE (SUBSPECIES CORBETT)

• Indochinese tigers are centered in Thailand, but also in surrounding countries - Myanmar, southern China, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, and peninsular Malaysia.

• They are smaller and darker than Bengal tigers, averaging around 400 pounds for males and 300 for females.

• Males average about 9 feet long and females about 8 feet in length (not counting the tail).

• Numbers in the wild are estimated to be in the range 1227-1785. There are about 60 in zoos.

• Official status: ENDANGERED.

SUMATRAN (SUBSPECIES CORBETT)

• The smallest and darkest subspecies, Sumatran tigers are reddish and have closely spaced stripes.

• The males average 250 lbs. • About 400-500 remain in the wild, exclusively

on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. • About 210 of this subspecies are captive around

the world. • Official status: ENDANGERED

AMUR/SIBERIAN (SUBSPECIES ALTAICA)

• These guys are the largest of the big cats. • weighing in at 675 pounds and stretching a full 11 feet. • The heaviest Siberian Tiger on record was 1025 pounds

(Guiness Book of World Records). • Only about 360-470 exist in the wild and there are

roughly 490 captive. • Their habitat is mostly Northeastern Russian. Despite

their size, they have been known to jump as far as 33 feet.

• Official status: ENDANGERED

SOUTH CHINESE (SUBSPECIES AMOYENSIS)

• Unfortunately, there are perhaps only 20-30 South Chinese tigers left in the wild and 47 in Chinese zoos.

• They are found in central and eastern China. China joined CITES in 1981 and passed the Wild Animal Protection Law of the People's Republic of China in 1988.

• Official status: ENDANGERED .

ALREADY EXTINCT!

• The Javan tiger once roamed the Indonesian island of Java. The last one was seen in 1972 and is now believed to be extinct.

• The Caspian tiger once ranged from Turkey to Central Asia, including Iran, Mongolia, and Central Russia. They went extinct in the 1950's .

• The Bali tiger existed on the island of Bali. The last one was killed in 1937 . There are no existing photos of a live Bali tiger .

List of Tiger Reserves in IndiaBandhavgarh Bandipur Bhadra Bori-Satpura Buxa Corbett Dampa Dudhwa Indravati Kalakad-Mundanthurai Kanha Manas Melghat Nagarjunasagar

List of Tiger Reserves in India•

Namdapha Pakhui-Nameri Palamau Panna Pench (Madhya Pradesh) Pench (Maharashtra) Periyar Ranthambore Sariska Similipal Sundarbans Tadoba-Andhari Valmiki

CAUSES FOR TIGER DEMISE• UNLIMITED POACHING • a) supplying underground black markets with its organs , pelts

and bones , which are used for fur , Chinese medicine . Dead tiger's parts are worth as much as $200,000 on the black market. The trade continues today in China, Taiwan, Korea, and Singapore, although tiger medicine is a hoax and has been shown to have no curative powers.

• b) hunted for recreation.

CAUSES FOR TIGER DEMISE

• HUMAN EXPANSION • a) deforestation (insecticides have reduced

the danger of malarial mosquitoes in India, making land habitable that was previously home to tigers)

CAN THEY BE SAVED? YES! • 1) Saving the forest patches. • 2) Waging a war against poaching in tiger-breeding

zones. The strictest enforcement of anti-poaching laws is a must-especially in the “hot spots”.

• 3) We need to make a national pledge-there will be no further shrinkage. Instead of spending a few crores thinly across the entire country, more can be achieved by focusing money and effort on identified “ hot spots ” like Corbett , Bandhavgarh , Kanha and some parts of the northeast where tigers truly have a chance to breed and grow.

WHY WE MUST SAVE TIGERS?

• There are only 3,200 tigers left in the wild, we have to act now or this iconic animal could be extinct in less than 20 years.

• As apex predators, tigers shape the ecosystems in which they live.

• They prevent over-grazing by limiting herbivore numbers and maintain ecological integrity.

• Tigers are solitary and have large home ranges making them excellent ‘umbrella’ species providing space for a variety of other species to flourish.

• In India, more than 350 rivers originate from tiger reserves. These reserves also sequester carbon, provide oxygen and slowly release ground water to regulate floods. Protecting the tiger will in turn protect these vital habitats.

WHY WE MUST SAVE TIGERS?

• Protecting existing tiger habitats and the reforestation of degraded habitat may help buffer the poorest communities in Asia against the impacts of river siltation and flooding, while providing global benefits.

• Saving the tiger will help communities and local populations benefit from habitat resources and tourism.

• Man is solely responsible for the slaughter of the tiger. In the natural world the tiger's only predator is man.

• We therefore must act to stop the killing and save the tiger in the wild.

THANKS FOR WATCHING!!!!