EXAMPLES OF NATURAL DISASTERS

Land movement disasters Land movement disasters are disasters that occur on land. Some land movement disasters are earthquakes, avalanches, volcanic eruptions, wildfires, landslides and many more.

Water DisastersWater Disasters are disasters that occur in water such as oceans, rivers, lakes, etc.Some types of water disasters are droughts, tsunamis, tidal waves, floods, and many more. Weather Disasters Weather disasters are disasters that occur with the weather and causes changes in the weather. Some types of weather disasters are tornadoes, cyclones, hurricanes, blizzards, lighting, thunderstorms.

Rain :natural phenomenon

A simple mountain

The natural calamities are:-

•Flood

•Earth quake

Flood

What is Flood

• A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water.

• Flooding may result from the volume of water within a body of water, such as a river or lake.

• Due to snow melt.

Whole city is flooded

Flood Safety

• Don’t go to flooded area by vehicle.

• Keep a portable radio.

• Emergency cooking equipment.

• People who live in frequently flooded areas should store materials such as sandbags, plywood, plastic sheeting.

• Wait for rescue operation

What to do during a floodWhat to do during a floodBe aware of the likelihood of flooding.Be aware of the likelihood of flooding.Listen to the radio or television stations for Listen to the radio or television stations for

information.information. If local authorities issue a flood watch, If local authorities issue a flood watch,

prepare to evacuate.prepare to evacuate.Do not walk through moving water.Do not walk through moving water.Do not drive into flooded areas.Do not drive into flooded areas. If flood water rises around your car and you If flood water rises around your car and you

cannot drive out, abandon your car and cannot drive out, abandon your car and move to higher ground.move to higher ground.

What is an Earthquake

• An earthquake is a sudden violent motion of the earth

• For a short time, within a very limited region.

Damage to emergency services

• Damage hospitals

• Damage overhead water tank.

• Disruption of electricity.

• Damage of bridges

+ Hospital +

Bridge

Coping with an earthquake

• Keep calm.

• Stay away from almirah, heavy items etc.

If you are caught indoors at the time of an earthquake:-

• Stay away from glass windows, mirror etc.

• Do not rush towards the doors or staircase. They may be broken or jammed.

If you are caught indoors at the time of an earthquake:-

• Get under a table or a bed so that you are not hurt by falling objects.

If you are caught indoors at the time of an earthquake:-

• If open space is available nearby, go there.

• Keep away from tall chimneys, buildings, balconies and other projections.

If you are caught outdoors at the time of an earthquake:-

• Do not run through streets; hoardings or lamps may fall on you.

If you are caught outdoors at the time of an earthquake:-

After the earthquake

• Switch off all appliances like the refrigerator, TV or radio. Turn off the gas.

• Check if you or anyone else is hurt. Use first aid at least on the cuts and bruises.

• Consult architecture and engineer to construct special structure for houses, bridges, dams, etc from the effect of earthquakes.

What are the other natural calamities?

TSUNAMI

A series of waves generated by an undersea disturbance.

From the area of disturbance, the waves travel outward in all directions

Drowning is the most common cause of death due to a tsunami

Tsunami

What to do during a tsunamiListen to the radio or television for

local information.Stay away from the area until

authorities say it is safe to return.Do not go to the shoreline to watch

for a tsunami.

Drought

Droughts

• Droughts are long period of extremely dry weather when there is not enough rain for the successful growing of crops or the replenishment of water supplies.

Volcano

volcano Eruptionvolcano Eruption

A volcano is a mountain A volcano is a mountain that opens downward to that opens downward to a reservoir of molten a reservoir of molten rock below the earth’s rock below the earth’s surface.surface.

When the pressure from When the pressure from gases and molten rock gases and molten rock become strong enough become strong enough to cause an explosion, to cause an explosion, eruptions occur.eruptions occur.

Most injuries and deaths Most injuries and deaths are due to ash falling are due to ash falling rocks, landslides, and rocks, landslides, and floods.floods.

Forest fire