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WHY EAT INSECTS?
RSM & AUTUMN KIOTILa Tierra Montessori School
Moving Arts EspañolaEspañola, NM
Supported byThe Joan Mitchell Foundation
ENTOMOPHAGY
THE PROBLEMEntomophagy | Why eat insects?
FUTURE of FOOD1
The world’s population is expected to increase to 9 billion by 2050.
FAO estimates that global food production will need to expand by an estimated 60 percent from current levels.
1. Hanboonsong, et al., “Six-legged livestock,” 2013.
A SOLUTIONEntomophagy | Why eat insects?
There’s a cricket in my burger!
Photo: Kang Kim
ENTOMOPHAGY
Entomophagy, from: Entomon = insect Phagein = to eat
The use of insects as a reliable and sustainable
source of food
WHY EAT INSECTS?1. Nutritional
Insects are a great source of nutritional elements such as proteins, iron, lipids, etc.
2. EnvironmentalRaising and harvesting insects for human consumption has a very low environmental impact.
3. CulturalThere are approximately 1,9001 species of insects consumed by 80% of the world’s nations2.
1. UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO): http://www.fao.org/forestry/edibleinsects/en/.2. Damian Carrington, The Guardian, August 1, 2010.
NUTRITIONEntomophagy | Why eat insects?
“Eating a few insects is like taking a multivitamin”
Patrick B. Durst, senior FAO official
NUTRIENTS1
Insects offer a wide range of essential nutrients (e.g., iron, fiber); but mainly they can be a great source of amino acids (proteins).
Insect protein is highly digestible (between 77% and 98%).
Many insects contain high-level protein quality that can completely replace meat consumption.
1. Simone Belluco, et al., “Edible Insects in a Food Safety and Nutritional Perspective: A Critical Review,” 2013
Some of the most nutritious insects:
BeetleSilkwormCricket
GrasshopperMealworm
Ant larvae (eggs)
ENVIRONMENTEntomophagy | Why eat insects?
Mini-Livestock Environmental Impact Growing and harvesting most species of insects
generates very low environmental impact.1
Low GHG (greenhouse gases) and ammonia emissions.
Crickets are twice as efficient to rear as chickens, 4 times more efficient than pigs and 12 times more than cattle.
Low water use to grow insects.
1. Arnold van Huis, “Potential of Insects as Food and Feed in Assuring Food Security,” 2013.
Source: Chapul energy bars
Other uses of insects in agriculture Using insects as cattle feed. Eating insects as a measurement for pest
control. Rearing insects reduces the danger of microbial,
parasitical and chemical (pesticide) hazards. Rearing insects, as opposed to harvest them in
the wild, can help the conservation of the species.
1. Arnold van Huis, “Potential of Insects as Food and Feed in Assuring Food Security,” 2013.
THE THAI PHENOMENON
In Thailand, 53 of 76 provinces have cricket farms.1
As of 2012 there were about 20,000 cricket farmers in Thailand.2
As opposed to other countries, in Thailand entomophagy has grown and diversify exponentially.
Insect farming has become a multimillion-dollar industry in Thailand.
Yhoung-Aree and Viwatpanich, “Edible insects in the Laos PDR, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam” 2005.2. Van Huis, et al., Edible Insects, 2013.3. NY Daily News, August 25, 2014.
CULTUREEntomophagy | Why eat insects?
A CULTURAL PRACTISE1
Entomophagy is an ancient practice. Humans ate insects before they ate meat.
In different cultures, insects have an spiritual and symbolic significance; such as the sacred beetle in Egypt, the bee in India, or the jumil (stink bug) in Mexico.
Julieta Ramos-Elorduy, “Anthropo-entomophagy: Cultures, evolution and sustainability,” 2009.
MEXICO
Photos: Dioela Cortés Salinas
Fried and spicy grasshoppers (chapulines) in Mexico City.
THAILAND
Photo: Apichart Weerawong
Fried grasshoppers in Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand.
CHINA
Photo: Chris Elliot
Silkworms in Beijing, China
Other benefits of eating insects Most insects do not possess nociceptors, which
has led us to think that they do not feel pain. Insects expand our food range, thus providing a
well-balanced diet. Crickets, locusts, and grasshoppers are a kosher
option (Lev. 11:21-22). Depending of the school of thought, eating insects
can be halal.
CURRICULUMEntomophagy | Why eat insects?
Middle School CURRICULUM Creation of a community-based functional
cricket farm at La Tierra. The cricket farm would be the base project to plug
in Science, Biology, Math, Environmental Sciences, Food Justice, and Visual & Performing Arts.
Food Justice summit in Spring 2016(?). Activities for kids and adults through MAE.
Proposed ACTIVITIESEntomophagy | Why eat insects?
Sound Wave Totem Workshops at Santa Fe Art Institute and Moving Arts Espanola
DOMESTIC CRICKET COOP DESIGN
Domestic cricket coop design Things to consider:
Light source and temperature; between 80-90F (26-32C). Lots of hiding and crawling spaces for the crickets. Removable trays for harvesting. Damp, removable, nesting space. Ventilation. Size? Materials? Crickets require a water source and food based on calcium and proteins
(carrots, celery, bread crumbs)
RECIPE DESIGN
Can you come up with a recipe that uses crickets or cricket flour as the main ingredient?
Autumn Kioti and RSM talking cricket dishes with Chef Joel Coleman of Fire & Hops Gastropub
RECIPE DESIGN Things to consider:
Crickets are high in protein, so eating them for breakfast might be a good option.
Crickets are crunchy and their consistency is similar to shrimp. What flavors do you think would go well with crickets? Where would you sell your dish—a restaurant, food truck, fast food, frozen?
List the ingredients for your dish and describe its preparation; then give your dish a creative name.
SOUND WAVE SCULPTURE EXPLORATION Listen to crickets Explore sound waves Discuss exploration, cataloguing Choose a cricket’s sound wave to build Scavenge Map findings Create totems Why trash? Why allow them to be impermanent?
What is your connection to the cycle of life? Can you match sculptures to sound waves?
THEATRE/PERFORMANCE/COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT Food justice
What does justice mean? what does it mean in relation to food? What feeds us, body and soul? How can we honor our connection to what feeds us?
Discuss activism, theatre, social justice, teaching, themes, changing the world
Cricket mythology/folklore Design and build puppets/masks Create performance
Discuss themes, what we want to say, what we want the audience to take away and how do we make that happen
COOKBOOK/ARTIST BOOK Summary of more information on the benefits of eating insects. Recipes. Cricket Coop designs. Pictures and Documentation. Interviews. Links to videos and web content. Personal Stories.
